-
Bhattacharyya, G.: Information: its definition for its service professionals (1997)
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- Abstract
- Analyses the elements which make up the term 'information' so that a systematic strategy for defining 'information' can be arrived at and applied by those professionals engaged in providing information about sources of information, subject classification and indexing, and abstracting. Discusses the processes of communication ('self-communication' and communication with others) and their relationship with knowledge; knowing, remembering and learning; organizations and association; the role of language in communication; information, knowledge and data; and the distinction between the medium of expression and the actual message conveyed
-
Dosa, M.: Thoughts on the social implications of information theory (1994)
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- Abstract
- Conceptualizes 'information theory' as a collective term for all information related theoretical models produced by a number of disciplines. There is a consensus in the scholarly community that information science and informatics does not, at present, have a focused systematic foundation of theoretical knowledge. Argues that this open endedness of the theoretical context can work to the advantage of the information sciences because of its capacity to accomodate future multidisciplinary research results. Briefly reviews the characteristics of information theories and offers perspectives on the implications of these characteristics for information planning and practice. Concludes that information research, including individual, societal, environmental and technological aspects, benefits from the flexibility of an open conceptual framework that closely resembles the dynamic world or reality
-
Skyrme, D.J.: Knowledge management : oxymoron or dynamic duo? (1997)
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- Abstract
- Argues that in defining knowledge management it is necessary to distinguish between 2 distinct types of knowledge: tacit or implicit, and explicit. Argues that explicit information can be written down or expressed in some tangible form while implicit information is hard to formalize and is rooted in subjective insights, intuitions and hunches. The focus of successful knowledge management programmes is to make implicit knowledge about organizational knowledge explicit and to put in place systematic processes that identify it, develop it, share it, and exploit it. Describes steps that information professionals can take to move beyond basic knowledge databases and from knowledge management to knowledge leadership. Here there is a shift of emphasis from knowledge management to knowledge creation and innovation
-
Brier, S.: ¬The usefulness of cybersemiotics in dealing with problems of knowledge organization and document mediating systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- This article develops a non-reductionistic and interdisciplinary view of information and human knowing in the light of second-order cybernetics, where information is seen as 'a difference which makes a difference' for a living autopoietic (self-organizing, self-creating) system. Another key idea comes from the semiotics of Peirce: the understanding of signs as a triatic relation between an object, a representation, and an interpretant. Information is the interpretation of signs by living, feeling, aelf-organizing, biological and social systems. As a concrete example we attempt to describe Library and Information Science (LIS) - especially Information Retrieval (IR) - in a way that goes beyond the cognitivist 'information processing paradigm'. The mn problem of this paradigm is that its concept of information and language does not deal in a systematic way with how social and cultural dynamics set the contexts that determine the meaning of those signs and words that are the basic tools for LIS to organize and retrieve documents. The paradigm does not distinguish clearly enough between how the computer manipulate signs and how meaning is generated in autopoietic systems, and thereby the difference between physical and intellectual access
-
fwt: Wie das Gehirn Bilder 'liest' (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:01:22
-
Brier, S.: Cybersemiotics : a new interdisciplinary development applied to the problems of knowledge organisation and document retrieval in information science (1996)
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- Abstract
- This article is a contribution to the development of a comprehensive interdisciplinary theory of LIS in the hope of giving a more precise evaluation of its current problems. The article describes an interdisciplinary framework for LIS, especially information retrieval (IR), in a way that goes beyond the cognitivist 'information processing paradigm'. The main problem of this paradigm is that its concept of information and laguage does not deal in a systematic way with how social and cultural dynamics set the contexts that determine the meaning of those signs and words that are the basic tools for the organisation and retrieving of documents in LIS. The paradigm does not distinguish clearly enough between how the computer manipulates signs and how librarians work with meaning in practice when they design and run document mediating systems. The 'cognitive viewpoint' of Ingwersen and Belkin makes clear that information is not objective, but rather only potential, until it is interpreted by an individual mind with its own internal mental world view and purposes. It facilitates futher study of the social pragmatic conditions for the interpretation of concepts. This approach is not yet fully developed. The domain analytic paradigm of Hjoerland and Albrechtsen is a conceptual realisiation of an important aspect of this area. In the present paper we make a further development of a non-reductionistic and interdisciplinary view of information and human social communication by texts in the light of second-order cybernetics, where information is seen as 'a difference which makes a difference' for a living autopoietic (self-organised, self-creating) system. Other key ideas are from the semiotics of Peirce and also Warner. This is the understanding of signs as a triadic relation between an object, a representation and an interpretant. Information is the interpretation of signs by living, feeling, self-organising biological, psychological and social systems. Signification is created and controlled in an cybernetic way within social systems and is communicated through what Luhman calls generalised media, such as science and art. The modern socio-linguistic concept 'discourse communities' and Wittgenstein's 'language gane' concept give a further pragmatic description of the self-organising system's dynamic that determines the meaning of words in a social context. As Blair and Liebenau and Backhouse point out in their work it is these semantic fields of significance that are the true pragmatic tools of knowledge organisation and document retrieval. Methodologically they are the first systems to be analysed when designing document mediating systems as they set the context for the meaning of concepts. Several practical and analytical methods from linguistics and the sociology of knowledge can be used in combination with standard methodology to reveal the significant language games behind document mediation
-
Thellefsen, T.; Thellefsen, M.: Signifikans-effekt i indeksering (1998)
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- Abstract
- Building on Jens-Erik Mai: 'Semiotics and its uses in library and information science', discusses indexing and semiotics. Presents the concept significance affect as expression of an information effect in index words, based on a discussion of the key concepts in Geroge Lakoff's cognitive semantics: basic-level categorizing, cue validity, prototype effect, kinesthetic image schemas, metaphors, metonymy and radical structures, and idealized cognitive models
- Content
- Extract from the thesis 'Indexing, cognitive semantics and pragmatic semiotics', the Danish Library School Aalborg branch, 1998.
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Significance effect in indexing
-
Arning, M.: Wenn Philosophen die Welt von den Füßen auf den Kopf stellen : bei den 22. Römerberggesprächen sorgt Hermann Lübbe für eine erstaunliche Provokation (1995)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Der Sozialphilosoph Hermann Lübbe ist überzeugt davon, daß die Massenmedien nicht 'vermassend', sondern vielmehr 'pluralistisch' wirken. - Bericht zu den 22. Frankfurter Römerberggesprächen zum Thema: Kommt eine neue Kultur? Auf der Suche nach Wirklichkeit im Medienzeitalter
-
Flohr, H.: Denken und Bewußtsein (1994)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:23:03
-
Roth, G.: ¬Die Entstehung von Bedeutung im Gehirn (1992)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 18:45:33
-
Saum-Aldehoff, T.: ¬Die ideale Route zur Kaffeemaschine : 'Mentale Karten' im Kopf erlauben die Orientierung in der Umwelt (1997)
0.01
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- Date
- 5. 1.1997 9:39:22
-
Roth, G.: ¬Das konstruktive Gehirn : neurobiologische Grundlagen von Wahrnehmung und Erkenntnis (1992)
0.01
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 18:19:18
-
Lindholm-Romantschuk, Y.: Scholarly book reviewing in the social sciences and humanities : the flow of ides within and among disciplines (1998)
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- Theme
- Citation indexing
-
Hjoerland, B.: Information seeking and subject representation : an activity-theoretical approach to information science (1997)
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- LCSH
- Indexing
- Subject
- Indexing
-
Tergan, S.-O.: Zum Aufbau von Wissensstrukturen mit Texten und Hypertexten (1993)
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- Source
- Nachrichten für Dokumentation. 44(1993) H.1, S.15-22
-
Robertson, G.: What is information? (1996)
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- Source
- Managing information. 3(1996) no.6, S.22-23
-
Martin, W.J.: ¬The information society (1995)
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- Date
- 15. 7.2002 14:22:55
-
Mainzer, K.: Computernetze und virtuelle Realität : Leben in der Wissensgesellschaft (1999)
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- Date
- 17. 7.2002 19:22:51
-
Ockenfeld, M.: Unterwegs in die Informationsgesellschaft : Programm und Initiativen in Deutschland (1998)
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- Source
- Information und Märkte: 50. Deutscher Dokumentartag 1998, Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Dokumentation e.V. (DGD), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 22.-24. September 1998. Hrsg. von Marlies Ockenfeld u. Gerhard J. Mantwill
-
Roth, G.; Dicke, U.; Wiggers, W.: Wie das Gehirn eine Fliege erkennt (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:04:41
