-
Carlyle, A.: Matching LCSH and user vocabulary in the library catalog (1989)
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- Abstract
- Central to subject searching is the match between user vocabulary and the headings from Library of Congress Subject-Headings (LCSH) used in a library catalog. This paper evaluates previous matching studies, proposes a detailed list of matching categories, and tests LCSH in a study using these categories. Exact and partial match categories are defined for single LCSH and multiple LCSH matches to user expressions. One no-match category is included. Transaction logs from ORION, UCLA's online Information system, were used to collect user expressions for a comparison of LCSH and user language. Results show that single LCSH headings match user expressions exactly about 47% of the time; that single subject heading matches, including exact matches, comprise 74% of the total; that partial matches, to both single and multiple headings, comprise about 21% of the total; and that no match occurs 5% of the time.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Subject Control in Online Catalogs
-
Lee, Y.-R.: ¬A study on the conditions of using OPAC access points and subject searching by users (1997)
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- Abstract
- Uses the results of various user studies to offer some insight into user behaviour in connection with OPAC access points and to explore conditions for subject searching, the difficulties involved and the matching of queries to subject headings. Sums up suggestions for the improvement of subject access to OPACs
- Source
- Bulletin of library and information science. 1997, no.22, S.39-55
-
Riesthuis, G.J.A.; Zumer, M.: FRBR and FRANAR : subject access (2004)
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- Abstract
- In the last decade a discussion has been going an in the Division of Bibliographic Control of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) about the principles of cataloguing. This discussion was initiated by the widespread replacement of the card and list catalogues by Online Public Access Catalogues (OPACs) since 1980. In this paper we discuss the role of subject cataloguing in three important documents that are the results of this discussion. Our conclusion is that the interest in subject cataloguing has grown remarkably, but is still not an the level it deserves given the fact that a great part of all searches in OPACs are subject oriented.
- Content
- 1. Introduction In this paper we address two questions: 1. What is the position of subject indexing in the thinking of the library world after the publication of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (1998)? 2. Is this position in accordance with the requirements of the users searching for documents about a given subject? Research Shows that searching an a topic (i.e. subject access) is an important, even predominant type of end-user searching of library catalogues and even more so of other bibliographic databases. Between one third and two thirds of all OPAC searches are probably subject searches (Large & Beheshti, 199%). Taking into account different ways in which searching an a topic is implemented in library catalogues (subject headings, classification, keywords only) the percentage may be even higher. For example title word searching may be a substitute for subject searching if no better tools are available. In the light of this it is not surprising that the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) (1998) pays attention to subject searching, as well as the Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records (FRANAR) (2003). Also the Statement of International Cataloguing Principles: Final draft of 19 December 2003, which is the result of the first First IFLA Meeting of Experts an an International Cataloguing Code mentiong subject access as a function of cataloguing (Statement, 2003). In this paper we discuss the ways these three documents deal with subjects.
- Source
- Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
-
McCarthy, C.: ¬A reference librarian's view of the online subject catalog (1989)
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- Abstract
- This paper suggests that the cataloging community may be setting its goals too low in its approach to online subject access. Truly effective subject retrieval for online catalog users will not be possible until the Library of Congress gives a higher priority to consistency in the assignment of subject headings. In recognition of the intellectual complexity of LCSH, the paper proposes the appointment of subject specialists to monitor the assignment of subject headings at the Library of Congress.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Subject Control in Online Catalogs
-
Sandlian, P.: Rethinking the rules (1995)
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- Abstract
- Rules regarding cataloguing, subject headings, the way information in bibliographic records is organised and the catalogue's interface, or the way the screen is set up, are barriers to the use of online catalogues by children Describes the background to and implementation of a project to create a child orientation catalogue with a graphical user interface, or one that relies on pictures instead of text, within Denver Public Library in Colorado. Now called the Kid's catalog and commercially available from the Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries Co., the catalogue's software acts as a front end to a library's regular catalogue
- Source
- School library journal. 41(1995) no.7, S.22-25
-
Losee, R.M.: Improving collection browsing : small world networking and Gray code ordering (2017)
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- Abstract
- Documents in digital and paper libraries may be arranged, based on their topics, in order to facilitate browsing. It may seem intuitively obvious that ordering documents by their subject should improve browsing performance; the results presented in this article suggest that ordering library materials by their Gray code values and through using links consistent with the small world model of document relationships is consistent with improving browsing performance. Below, library circulation data, including ordering with Library of Congress Classification numbers and Library of Congress Subject Headings, are used to provide information useful in generating user-centered document arrangements, as well as user-independent arrangements. Documents may be linearly arranged so they can be placed in a line by topic, such as on a library shelf, or in a list on a computer display. Crossover links, jumps between a document and another document to which it is not adjacent, can be used in library databases to allow additional paths that one might take when browsing. The improvement that is obtained with different combinations of document orderings and different crossovers is examined and applications suggested.
-
Dewar, M.: Restructuring the Library of Congress Subject Headings : Subject access and bibliographic instruction: two sides of the OPAC problem (1988)
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- Imprint
- Halifax, N.S. : Dalhousie University, School of Library and Information Studies
-
Lester, M.A.: Coincidence of user vocabulary and Library of Congress Subject Headings : experiments to improve subject access in academic library online catalogs (1989)
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- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign : Univ. of Illinois
-
Drabenstott, K.M.: ¬The need for machine-readable authority records for topical subdivisions (1992)
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- Abstract
- This paper recognizes the limitations of the existing file of Library of Congress authority records for subject heading assignment and validation. It makes recommendations for a new machine-readable file of authority records for topical subdivisions and for enhancements to the existing subject authority file. The recommended changes qould enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulation and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, the individual components of subdivided headings. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic database forms the basis of the recommendations
-
Croucher, C.: Problems of subject access : user studies and interface design (1986)
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- Abstract
- A research project at Middlesex Polytechnic is examning the problems of subject access in an OPAC. A series of user studies have been carried out which examined students' use of existing catalogue facilities, which in turn led to the experimental evaluation of various interface designs for an online catalogue. The experiments were primarily concerned with the effect of the following variables on the speed and accuracy of retrieval of specific items, the use of colour, the speed of presentation of information, the amount of information on a screen, the paging and scrolling of information, the position of a sought item within a list
-
Cochrane, P.A.: Improving LCSH for use in online catalogs : exercises for self-help with a selection of background readings (1986)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings, Library of Congress / Problems, exercises, etc
Subject cataloging / Problems, exercises, etc
Online library catalogs / Subject access / Problems, exercises, etc
- RSWK
- Washington «DC» / Library of Congress / Online-Literaturrecherche / Schlagwortkatalog (BVB)
- Subject
- Washington «DC» / Library of Congress / Online-Literaturrecherche / Schlagwortkatalog (BVB)
Subject headings, Library of Congress / Problems, exercises, etc
Subject cataloging / Problems, exercises, etc
Online library catalogs / Subject access / Problems, exercises, etc
-
Jouguelet, S.: Subject access in online catalogs : developments in France (1989)
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- Abstract
- Contribution to a thematic issue devoted to subject control in on-line catalogues. In contrast with data base searching, the use of an OPAC is direct, without intermediaries and without prior training. This tool allows decentralised information access, 1st in the library and now directly from users' homes. In France MINITEL has made distributed access possible. Outlines the French authority list, RAMEAU (Répertoire d'Autorité Matière Encyclopédique et Alphabétique Unifié) giving details or its users and describes searching the system and the search software, ALEXIS. ALEXIS can serve as an example of the direction to take since it was developed within the perspective of natural language queries.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Subject Control in Online Catalogs
-
Bergen, C. van; Mastenbroek, O.: Wat wil de gebruiker? : onderwerpsontsluiting bij de Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht (1995)
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- Abstract
- A survey of catalogue use in 1993 at Utrecht University in the Netherlands showed considerable dissatisfaction with the online catalogue's subject search facilities. Of those who used subject searching 64% preferred subject headings against only 2% who chose classification schedules. Library users make little use of the existing facilities for assistance and leaflets which are available in the library. It has, therefore, been decided to provide a programme of instruction in library use and to move towards a unified system of subject access to the library's catalogue
- Footnote
- "What do users want? Subject access to collections at Utrecht University Library"
-
Hartwieg, G.: Ordnung ist gut, Kontext ist besser : zur Sacherschließung im OPAC (1997)
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- Abstract
- From the SWD-list, the descriptor 'Portal' is discussed in regard to the difference of conceptional relationships, taken from the regulations of DIN 2330; conjunction/disjunction represents the relationship of order ('ordnungsgebunden'), determination/interpretation represents the orientation of context ('kontextorientiert'), in regard to the availability of universal-encyclopedias on CD-ROM a fundamental change for subject orientated research as well as for users of OPACs is due
-
Crawford, J.C.; Thorn, L.C.; Powles, J.A.: ¬A survey of subject access to academic library catalogues in Great Britain : a report to the British Library Research and Development Department (1992)
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- Abstract
- The study of subject access to UK academic library catalogues was based on a questionnaires end out during Summer 1991. 86 out of a possible 110 questionnaires were returned. All universities and polytechniques now have OPACs which are progressing well towards comprehensive bibliographical coverage of their libraries' stocks. The MARC format is now widely used. Subject access strategies are usually based on either Library of Congress Subject Headings or inhouse indexing systems but almost half the OPACs studies have no separate subject searching option based on subject indexing is expensive and future subject indexing strategies are best based on pre-existing controlled vocabularies. Strategies authority control is essential. A limited range of software strategies is recommended including the need to limit search results
-
Yee, M.: Headings for tomorrow : public access display of subject headings (1992)
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- Abstract
- This short guide is intended to help librarians and OPAC system designers to make decisions about the design of displays of more than one subject heading. The authors stress that they offer guidance rather than standards or prescriptions; their clear prose is cautious and even the number of recommendations is limited. A 12-page introduction contrasts the "structural approach" and "strict alphabetical approach" to filing, showing examples and stating arguments for each. 7 chapters cover display of subdivisions, inverted headings, display of qualified headings, arrangement of numerical headings, display of subjects interfiled with names and titles, punctuation and messages to the user. Within each chapter, questions involving choices between two or more approaches are followed by brief statements of current practice (LC rules, ALA rules, and systems in existing OPACs) extensive examples demonstrating such choices, and arguments for and against each. The authors warn against ever assuming that the user knows the needed subject headings, and acknowledge that the best OPAC design often depends on the setting and on the user's understanding of the system. Although the topic may be beyond the purview of the authoring committee, the discussion here makes one yearn for interactive OPACs that can analyze the user's needs and provide appropriate guidance to whatever system is adopted
- Editor
- Subcommittee on the Display of Subject Headings in Subject Indexes in OPACs, Subject Analysis Committee, Cataloging and Classification Section, ALCTS, ALA
- Footnote
- Hinweis in: Journal of academic librarianship 18(1993) no.6, S.401
- LCSH
- Online library catalogs / Subject access / Standards / United States
Subject headings, Library of Congress / Evaluation
Subject cataloging / Data processing
- RSWK
- Washington <DC> / Library of Congress / Schlagwortkatalogisierung / Online-Katalog (D)
- Subject
- Washington <DC> / Library of Congress / Schlagwortkatalogisierung / Online-Katalog (D)
Online library catalogs / Subject access / Standards / United States
Subject headings, Library of Congress / Evaluation
Subject cataloging / Data processing
-
Frost, C.O.; Dede, B.A.: Subject heading compatibility between LCSH and catalog files of a large research library : a suggested model for analysis (1988)
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- Abstract
- Assigned topical and geographic subject headings from a sample of 3.814 bibliographic records in the University of Michigan Library's catalog were analyzed to determine the degree of match with LCSH, 10th edition and to idetify types of heading conflicts that lend themselves to automatic subject authority control. The findings showed a surprising degree of agreement: 44 percent of headings matched LCSH 10th completely. For headings without subdivisions, the match was 88,4 percent. Since 93,6 percent of the topical subdivisions that did not match LCSH were found on the free-floating lists, some consideration should be given to developing a machine-readable file of free-floating subdivisons for matching purposes.
-
Markey, K.: Alphabetical searching in an online catalog (1989)
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- Abstract
- An experimental online catalog was developed that provided searchers with several different subject searching strategies. Analyses of retrieval test data suggest that searchers expect alphabetical searches to provide lists of assigned subject headings conceptually related to their topics of interest. System designers can now respond to their expectation by incorporating LCSH-mr in online catalogs
- Source
- Journal of academic librarianship. 14(1989), S.353-360
-
Stone, A.T.: Subject searching in law library OPACs (1989)
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- Abstract
- Law libraries that introduce online catalogs to their publics often experience the same kinds of problems and benefits as other types of libraries. Nevertheless, certain issues for OPAC subject searching can be particularly challenging for law libraries. This paper addresses those issues, especially the impact on subject access of the design of shared OPACs and the special problems regarding subject searches on government agency names and titles of laws. Difficulties with law-related subject headings are also discussed. Finally, keyword and call number searching are examined from the law library perspective.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Subject Control in Online Catalogs
-
Klugman, S.: Failures in subject retrieval (1989)
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- Abstract
- Finding books by subject in large libraries is a difficult task at the best of times. Since users seldom think of their topic in terms of library subject headings, they encounter problems in finding matches. Online catalogs have helped somewhat by allowing keyword searching and Boolean combinations. They have also perpetuated some problems (lack of authority control and of cross references) and created new ones, namely requiring users to acquire complex skills. Libraries need to look carefully at the MARC format and at enhanced and enriched subject approaches. Machine-generated links and leads can provide more paths and wider access to subject information.
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Subject Control in Online Catalogs
