-
Borgman, C.L.: Why are online catalogs still hard to use? (1996)
0.03
0.030483993 = product of:
0.060967986 = sum of:
0.060967986 = product of:
0.12193597 = sum of:
0.12193597 = weight(_text_:translating in 4380) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12193597 = score(doc=4380,freq=2.0), product of:
0.36826274 = queryWeight, product of:
7.4921947 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.33111134 = fieldWeight in 4380, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
7.4921947 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4380)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- We return to arguments made 10 years ago that online catalogs are difficult to use because their design does not incorporate sufficient understanding of searching behavior. The earlier article examined studies of information retrieval system searching for their implications for online catalog design; this article examines the implications of card catalog design for online catalogs. With this analysis, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of user behavior and to lay to rest the card catalog design model for online catalogs. We discuss the problems with query matching systems, which were designed for skilled search intermediaries rather than end-users, and the knowledge and skills they require in the information-seeking process, illustrated with examples of searching card and online catalogs. Searching requires conceptual knowledge of the information retrieval process - translating an information need into a searchable query; semantic knowledge of how to implement a query in a given system - the how and when to use system features; and technical skills in executing the query - basic computing skills and the syntax of entering queries as specific search statements. In the short term, we can help make online catalogs easier to use through improved training and documentation that is based on information-seeking bahavior, with the caveat that good training is not a substitute for good system design. Our long term goal should be to design intuitive systems that require a minimum of instruction. Given the complexity of the information retrieval problem and the limited capabilities of today's systems, we are far from achieving that goal. If libraries are to provide primary information services for the networked world, they need to put research results on the information-seeking process into practice in designing the next generation of online public access information retrieval systems
-
Walker, S.: Improving subject access painlessly : recent work on the Okapi online catalogue projects (1988)
0.03
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = product of:
0.10655253 = sum of:
0.10655253 = weight(_text_:22 in 7403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10655253 = score(doc=7403,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 7403, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=7403)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Program. 22(1988), S.21-31
-
Hug, H.; Nöthiger, R.: ETHICS: an online public access catalogue at ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich (1988)
0.03
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = product of:
0.10655253 = sum of:
0.10655253 = weight(_text_:22 in 7483) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10655253 = score(doc=7483,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 7483, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=7483)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Program. 22(1988), S.133-142
-
Hogan, S.A.: Educating users about catalogues and cataloguing : the impossible dream (1993)
0.02
0.016648833 = product of:
0.033297665 = sum of:
0.033297665 = product of:
0.06659533 = sum of:
0.06659533 = weight(_text_:22 in 6437) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06659533 = score(doc=6437,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 6437, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6437)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 22(1993) no.2, S.23-26
-
Walker, S.: ¬The Okapi online catalogue research projects (1989)
0.02
0.016648833 = product of:
0.033297665 = sum of:
0.033297665 = product of:
0.06659533 = sum of:
0.06659533 = weight(_text_:22 in 1942) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06659533 = score(doc=1942,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 1942, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1942)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 16. 8.1998 11:22:08
-
Cherry, J.M.; Clinton, M.: ¬An experimental investigation of two types of instruction for OPAC users (1991)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 3098) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=3098,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3098, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3098)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Canadian journal of information science. 16(1991) no.4, S.2-22
-
McLachlan, R.W.: Public libraries : shrinking dollars, increased demands; clerical staff and OCLC to the rescue (1991)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 3860) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=3860,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3860, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3860)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- OCLC micro. 7(1991) no.6, S.19-22
-
Seruga, J.: Object-oriented modeling of a library information system (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 8477) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=8477,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 8477, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8477)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- LASIE. 28(1997) no.4, S.22-34
-
Sandlian, P.: Rethinking the rules (1995)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 3099) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=3099,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3099, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3099)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- School library journal. 41(1995) no.7, S.22-25
-
Porter, M.; Galpin, V.: Relevance feedback in a public access catalogue for a research library : Muscat at the Scott Polar Research Institute (1988)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 4165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=4165,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 4165, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4165)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Program. 22(1988), S.1-20
-
Martin, G.: Main entry : the argument for a defence of main entry in the OPAC (1996)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 7234) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=7234,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 7234, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7234)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Cataloguing Australia. 22(1996) nos.1/2, S.21-25
-
Mischo, W.H.; Lee, J.: End-user searching in bibliographic databases (1987)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 336) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=336,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 336, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=336)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.227-263
-
Nuttall, H.D.; McAbee, S.L.: Pathfinders on-line : adding pathfinders to a NOTIS on-line system (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 510) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=510,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 510, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=510)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 27.11.1995 17:07:22
-
Goldberg, T.; Neagle, E.: Serials information in the OPAC : a model for shared responsibility (1996)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 662) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=662,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 662, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=662)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Serials review. 22(1996) no.4, S.55-63
-
Ballard, T.; Grimaldi, A.: Improve OPAC searching by reducing tagging errors in MARC records (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 695) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=695,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 695, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=695)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 6. 3.1997 16:22:15
-
Sharma, A.: ¬The Z39.50 information retrieval protocol (1998)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 1406) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=1406,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1406, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1406)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Series
- British Library Research and Innovation Centre (BLRIC) report; 22
-
Wallace, P.M.: Periodical title searching in online catalogues (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 1628) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=1628,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1628, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1628)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 29. 7.1998 10:57:22
-
Davis, E.; Stone, J.: ¬A painless route on to the Web : Web services 1: The Royal Postgraduate Medical School (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 1632) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=1632,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1632, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1632)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 29. 7.1998 21:22:27
-
Farley, L.: Together at last : regeneration and merging of the MELVYL catalog and periodicals databases (1997)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 1834) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=1834,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1834, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1834)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- DLA bulletin. 17(1997) no.1, S.18-22
-
Ashton, J.: ONE: the final OPAC frontier (1998)
0.01
0.013319066 = product of:
0.026638132 = sum of:
0.026638132 = product of:
0.053276263 = sum of:
0.053276263 = weight(_text_:22 in 2588) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053276263 = score(doc=2588,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1721249 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04915285 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2588, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2588)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Select newsletter. 1998, no.22, Spring, S.5-6
