Search (2521 results, page 2 of 127)

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Abstract

This paper explores relationships between different classification schemes. It suggests how these relationships could be considered part of the reception of a scheme, in particular as an aspect of its "Wirkung". Both intra-domain and inter-domain scheme relationships are examined, and are combined with pre-existing research on intra-scheme relationships. A model is posited which maps inter-scheme relationships, showing some of the complexities evoked in analysing the connections between classification schemes. Musical instrument (organology) classification is used as examples throughout the paper, to illustrate the ideas being discussed.

Source

Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik

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Abstract

Maps have bibliographic characteristics which present unusual challenges to traditional cataloging practices. Rare maps carry these challenges even further by requiring bibliographic descriptions that identify and distinguish the item in hand from any other copies. While it has been acknowledged that rare maps should be bibliographically described in a different manner than modern maps, as rare printed texts are described in a differently than modern texts, the map cataloging community is uncertain about how this should be accomplished. This article attempts to identify some problems unique to the cataloging of rare maps. It also discusses the appropriateness of current map cataloging rules for rare maps and the importance of thorough cartobibliographic research.

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Abstract

Topic maps are a new ISO standard for describing knowledge structures and associating them with information resources. As such they constitute an enabling technology for knowledge management. Dubbed "the GPS of the information universe", topic maps are also destined to provide powerful new ways of navigating large and interconnected corpora. While it is possible to represent immensely complex structures using topic maps, the basic concepts of the model - Topics, Associations, and Occurrences (TAO) - are easily grasped. This paper provides a non-technical introduction to these and other concepts (the IFS and BUTS of topic maps), relating them to things that are familiar to all of us from the realms of publishing and information management, and attempting to convey some idea of the uses to which topic maps will be put in the future.

Object

Topic maps

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Abstract

Forty-five years have passed since Lubetzky outlined the primary objectives of the catalog, which should facilitate the identification of specific bibliographic entities, and the explicit recoguition of works and relationships amongthem. Still, our catalogs are better designed to identify specific bibliographic entities than they are to guide users among the network of potential related editions and translations of works. In this paper, we seck to examine qualitatively some interesting examples of families of related works, defined as bibliographic families. Although the cases described here were derived from a random sample, this is a qualitative analysis. We selected these bibliographic families for their ability to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of Leazer's model, which incorporates relationship taxonomies by Tillett and Smiraglia Qualitatice analysis is intended to produce on explanation of a phenomenou, particularly an identification of any palterns observed. Patterns observed in qualitative analysis can be used to affirm external observations of the same phenomena; conclusions can contribute to what is knoton as grounded theory-a unique explanation grounded in the phenomenon under study. We arrive at two statements of grounded theory concerning bibliographic families: cataloger-generated implicit maps among works are inadequate, and qualitative analysis suggests the complexity of even the smallest bibliographic families. We conclude that user behavior study is needed to suggest which alternative maps are preferable.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

Knowledge organization is needed everywhere. Its importance is marked by its pervasiveness. This paper will show many areas, tasks, and functions where proper use of knowledge organization, construed as broadly as the term implies, provides support for learning and understanding, for sense making and meaning making, for inference, and for discovery by people and computer programs and thereby will make the world a better place. The paper focuses not on metadata but rather on structuring and representing the actual data or knowledge itself and argues for more communication between the largely separated KO, ontology, data modeling, and semantic web communities to address the many problems that need better solutions. In particular, the paper discusses the application of knowledge organization in knowledge bases for question answering and cognitive systems, knowledge bases for information extraction from text or multimedia, linked data, big data and data analytics, electronic health records as one example, influence diagrams (causal maps), dynamic system models, process diagrams, concept maps, and other node-link diagrams, information systems in organizations, knowledge organization for understanding and learning, and knowledge transfer between domains. The paper argues for moving beyond triples to a more powerful representation using entities and multi-way relationships but not attributes.

Date

27.11.2015 20:52:22

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Abstract

Geographic information systems are computerised systems designed to store maps in digital form together with specific spatial data related to the maps. Reviews a range of specialised software designed for theses applications

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Abstract

Discusses the nature and purpose of cartobibliography; the study of bibliography as applied specifically to maps. Maps, although bibliographically and physically awkward, present valuable information in much more concentrated form than books. Cartobibliographies, reflecting the complexity of maps, come in many varieties, depending on the purposes and rationales behind them

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Abstract

Briefly summarizes spatial data cataloguing in the US libraries in this century. Describes the catalogued holdings of maps held at University of California libraries. Outlines strategies for searching maps on the MELVYL system

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Abstract

Interactive dynamic maps (IDMs) help users interactively explore webs of hypermedia documents. IDMs provide automatically generated abstract graphical views at different levels of granularity. Visual cues give users a better understanding of the content of the web, which results in better navigation control and more accurate and effective expressions of queries. IDMs consist of: topic maps, which provide visual abstractions of the semantic content of a web documents and document maps, which provide visual abstractions of subsets of documents. The major contribution of this work include: automatique techniques for building maps directly from a web of documents, including extraction of semantic content and use of a spatial metaphor for generating layout and filing space, a direct manipulation interaction paradigm for exploring webs of documents, using maps and an integrated graphical query language, and the ability to use the maps themselves as documents that can be customized, stored in a library and shared among users

Object

Topic maps

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Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

Presents an approach that integrates searching and browsing in a manner that improves both paradigms. When browsing is the primary task, it enables semantic content-based tailoring of Web maps in both the generation as well as the visualization phases. When search is the primary task, it enables contextualization of the results by augmenting them with the documents' neighbourhoods. This approach is embodied in WebCutter, a client-server system fully integrated with Web software. WebCutter consists of a map generator running off a standard Web server and a map visualization client implemented as a Java applet runalble from any standard Web browser and requiring no installation or external plug-in application. WebCutter is in beta stage and is in the process of being integrated into the Lotus Domino application product line

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

QVIZ will research and create a framework for visualizing and querying archival resources by a time-space interface based on maps and emergent knowledge structures. The framework will also integrate social software, such as wikis, in order to utilize knowledge in existing and new communities of practice. QVIZ will lead to improved information sharing and knowledge creation, easier access to information in a user-adapted context and innovative ways of exploring and visualizing materials over time, between countries and other administrative units. The common European framework for sharing and accessing archival information provided by the QVIZ project will open a considerably larger commercial market based on archival materials as well as a richer understanding of European history.

Content

Vortrag anlässlich des Workshops: "Extending the multilingual capacity of The European Library in the EDL project Stockholm, Swedish National Library, 22-23 November 2007".

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Abstract

We describe the latent semantic indexing subspace signature model (LSISSM) for semantic content representation of unstructured text. Grounded on singular value decomposition, the model represents terms and documents by the distribution signatures of their statistical contribution across the top-ranking latent concept dimensions. LSISSM matches term signatures with document signatures according to their mapping coherence between latent semantic indexing (LSI) term subspace and LSI document subspace. LSISSM does feature reduction and finds a low-rank approximation of scalable and sparse term-document matrices. Experiments demonstrate that this approach significantly improves the performance of major clustering algorithms such as standard K-means and self-organizing maps compared with the vector space model and the traditional LSI model. The unique contribution ranking mechanism in LSISSM also improves the initialization of standard K-means compared with random seeding procedure, which sometimes causes low efficiency and effectiveness of clustering. A two-stage initialization strategy based on LSISSM significantly reduces the running time of standard K-means procedures.

Date

23. 3.2013 13:22:36

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Abstract

This comprehensive annotated webliography describes online cataloging resources that are free to use, currently updated, and of high quality. The major aim of this webliography is to provide assistance for catalogers who are new to the profession, unfamiliar with cataloging specific formats, or unable to access costly print and subscription resources. The annotated resources include general websites and webpages, databases, workshop presentations, streaming media, and local documentation. The scope of the webliography is limited to resources reflecting traditional cataloging practices using the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition, RDA: Resource Description and Access, and MAchine Readable Cataloging (MARC) standards. Non-MARC metadata schemas like Dublin Core are not covered. Most components of cataloging are represented in this webliography, such as authority control, classification, subject headings, and genre terms. Guidance also is provided for cataloging miscellaneous formats including sound and videorecordings, streaming media, e-books, video games, graphic novels, kits, rare materials, maps, serials, realia, government documents, and music.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Abstract

Exploring collections by their subject matter is an important functionality for library users. We developed an online tool called SciGator in order to allow users to browse the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) classes used in different libraries at the University of Pavia and to perform different types of search in the OPAC. Besides navigation of DDC hierarchies, SciGator suggests "see-also" relationships with related classes and maps equivalent classes in local shelving schemes, thus allowing the expansion of search queries to include subjects contiguous to the initial one. We are developing new features, including the possibility to expand searches even more to national and international catalogues.

Content

Beitrag eines Special Issue: ISKO-Italy: 8' Incontro ISKO Italia, Università di Bologna, 22 maggio 2017, Bologna, Italia.

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Abstract

Suggests 3 reasons for the acquisition of digital maps in the map library: that they provide opportunities to create new maps, and to replace old ones; that they provide new and valuable ways of visualising and using spatial data; and that they will satisfy new kinfs of users. Discusses setting up the electronic map library and describes some available computer map packages. Considers the variety of map user needs and how electronic maps can match these needs

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Abstract

This article discusses areas of the bibliographic record where differences from cataloging monographs are commonly encountered in the descriptive cataloging of flat or folded sheet maps. Major fields in the bibliographic record are treated, such as title proper, main entry, and scale, pointing out common misunderstandings and errors which those unfamiliar with cataloging maps may experience. Hints, guidelines, illustrations, and examples for the resolution of these problems are given.

Footnote

Teil eines Themenheftes zu: "Maps and related cartographic materials: cataloging, classification, and bibliographic control"

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Abstract

Although maps have been used for thousands of years, they have not been maintained or organized as well as printed books until relatively recently. Maps were often treated as ephemeral material. Early attempts at map cataloging are much more scattered than book cataloging, and printed catalogs of early libraries often omitted the mention of maps. It was only after map use became commonplace and thematic maps increased in number that cataloging and classification attempts began in earnest. The classification and cataloging of maps started to come together in the early part of the twentieth century. This article will examine how maps were organized in early collections and some of the advice provided for catalogers of map collections from the end of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth.