Search (5 results, page 1 of 1)

0.026684195 = product of:
  0.05336839 = sum of:
    0.05336839 = product of:
      0.10673678 = sum of:
        0.10673678 = weight(_text_:language in 3792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.10673678 = score(doc=3792,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.2030952 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051766515 = queryNorm
            0.5255505 = fieldWeight in 3792, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3792)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This entry introduces ontologies as a potential "silver bullet" for knowledge management, enterprise application integration, and e-commerce. Ontologies enable knowledge sharing and knowledge reuse. The degree to which an ontology is machine-understandable, its formality, is determined by the language used for the specification of the ontology. There exists a trade-off between the expressiveness of an ontology language and the modeling support it provides for the ontology developer. This entry also describes how different knowledge representation formalisms, together with the Web languages XML and RDF, have influenced the development of the Web ontology language OWL.

0.01906014 = product of:
  0.03812028 = sum of:
    0.03812028 = product of:
      0.07624056 = sum of:
        0.07624056 = weight(_text_:language in 3244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.07624056 = score(doc=3244,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.2030952 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051766515 = queryNorm
            0.3753932 = fieldWeight in 3244, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3244)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

This chapter discusses OIL and DAML1OIL, currently the most prominent ontology languages for the Semantic Web. The chapter starts by discussing the pyramid of languages that underlie the architecture of the Semantic Web (XML, RDF, RDFS). In section 2.2, we briefly describe XML, RDF and RDFS. We then discuss in more detail OIL and DAML1OIL, the first proposals for languages at the ontology layer of the semantic pyramid. For OIL (and to some extent DAML1OIL) we discuss the general design motivations (Section 2.3), describe the constructions in the language (Section 2.4), and the various syntactic forms of these languages (Section 2.5). Section 2.6 discusses the layered architecture of the language, section 2.7 briefly mentions the formal semantics, section 2.8 discusses the transition from OIL to DAML+OIL, and section 2.9 concludes with our experience with the language to date and future development in the context of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). This chapter is not intended to give full and formal definitions of either the syntax or the semantics of OIL or DAML1OIL. Such definitions are already available elsewhere: http://www.ontoknowledge.org/oil/ for OIL and http://www.w3.org/submission/2001/12/ for DAML1OIL.

0.01245003 = product of:
  0.02490006 = sum of:
    0.02490006 = product of:
      0.04980012 = sum of:
        0.04980012 = weight(_text_:language in 4402) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.04980012 = score(doc=4402,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.2030952 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051766515 = queryNorm
            0.2452058 = fieldWeight in 4402, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4402)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Ontologies need to be stored, sometimes aligned and their evolution needs to be managed. All these tasks together are called ontology management. Alignment is a central task in ontology re-use. Re-use of existing ontologies often requires considerable effort: the ontologies either need to be integrated, which means that they are merged into one new ontology, or the ontologies can be kept separate. In both cases, the ontologies have to be aligned, which means that they have to be brought into mutual agreement. The problems that underlie the difficulties in integrating and aligning are the mismatches that may exist between separate ontologies. Ontologies can differ at the language level, which can mean that they are represented in a different syntax, or that the expressiveness of the ontology language is dissimilar. Ontologies also can have mismatches at the model level, for example, in the paradigm, or modelling style. Ontology alignment is very relevant in a Semantic Web context. The Semantic Web will provide us with a lot of freely accessible domain specific ontologies. To form a real web of semantics - which will allow computers to combine and infer implicit knowledge - those separate ontologies should be aligned and linked.

0.012398495 = product of:
  0.02479699 = sum of:
    0.02479699 = product of:
      0.04959398 = sum of:
        0.04959398 = weight(_text_:22 in 1949) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.04959398 = score(doc=1949,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.18127751 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051766515 = queryNorm
            0.27358043 = fieldWeight in 1949, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1949)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Classification

004.67/8 22

DDC

004.67/8 22

0.011004375 = product of:
  0.02200875 = sum of:
    0.02200875 = product of:
      0.0440175 = sum of:
        0.0440175 = weight(_text_:language in 163) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0440175 = score(doc=163,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.2030952 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051766515 = queryNorm
            0.21673335 = fieldWeight in 163, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.9232929 = idf(docFreq=2376, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=163)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Ontologies have been developed and investigated for quite a while now in artificial intelligente and natural language processing to facilitate knowledge sharing and reuse. More recently, the notion of ontologies has attracied attention from fields such as intelligent information integration, cooperative information systems, information retrieval, electronic commerce, and knowledge management. The author systematicaliy introduces the notion of ontologies to the non-expert reader and demonstrates in detail how to apply this conceptual framework for improved intranet retrieval of corporate information and knowledge and for enhanced Internet-based electronic commerce. In the second part of the book, the author presents a more technical view an emerging Web standards, like XML, RDF, XSL-T, or XQL, allowing for structural and semantic modeling and description of data and information.