Search (18 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

The "Screen Design Manual" provides designers of interactive media with a practical working guide for preparing and presenting information that is suitable for both their target groups and the media they are using. It describes background information and relationships, clarifies them with the help of examples, and encourages further development of the language of digital media. In addition to the basics of the psychology of perception and learning, ergonomics, communication theory, imagery research, and aesthetics, the book also explores the design of navigation and orientation elements. Guidelines and checklists, along with the unique presentation of the book, support the application of information in practice.

Date

22. 3.2008 14:29:25

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2006, held in Alicante, Spain in September 2006. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 18 demo papers and 15 revised poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 159 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on architectures, preservation, retrieval, applications, methodology, metadata, evaluation, user studies, modeling, audiovisual content, and language technologies.

Content

Inhalt u.a.: Architectures I Preservation Retrieval - The Use of Summaries in XML Retrieval / Zoltdn Szldvik, Anastasios Tombros, Mounia Laimas - An Enhanced Search Interface for Information Discovery from Digital Libraries / Georgia Koutrika, Alkis Simitsis - The TIP/Greenstone Bridge: A Service for Mobile Location-Based Access to Digital Libraries / Annika Hinze, Xin Gao, David Bainbridge Architectures II Applications Methodology Metadata Evaluation User Studies Modeling Audiovisual Content Language Technologies - Incorporating Cross-Document Relationships Between Sentences for Single Document Summarizations / Xiaojun Wan, Jianwu Yang, Jianguo Xiao - Semantic Web Techniques for Multiple Views on Heterogeneous Collections: A Case Study / Marjolein van Gendt, Antoine Isaac, Lourens van der Meij, Stefan Schlobach Posters - A Tool for Converting from MARC to FRBR / Trond Aalberg, Frank Berg Haugen, Ole Husby

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Classification

006.7 22

Date

7. 3.2007 19:30:22

DDC

006.7 22

Footnote

The final part of the book discusses research in multimedia content management systems and the semantic web, and presents examples and applications for semantic multimedia analysis in search and retrieval systems. These chapters describe example systems in which current projects have been implemented, and include extensive results and real demonstrations. For example, real case scenarios such as ECommerce medical applications and Web services have been introduced. Topics in natural language, speech and image processing techniques and their application for multimedia indexing, and content-based retrieval have been elaborated upon with extensive examples and deployment methods. The editors of the book themselves provide the readers with a chapter about their latest research results on knowledge-based multimedia content indexing and retrieval. Some interesting applications for multimedia content and the semantic web are introduced. Applications that have taken advantage of the metadata provided by MPEG7 in order to realize advance-access services for multimedia content have been provided. The applications discussed in the third part of the book provide useful guidance to researchers and practitioners properly planning to implement semantic multimedia analysis techniques in new research and development projects in both academia and industry. A fourth part should be added to this book: performance measurements for integrated approaches of multimedia analysis and the semantic web. Performance of the semantic approach is a very sophisticated issue and requires extensive elaboration and effort. Measuring the semantic search is an ongoing research area; several chapters concerning performance measurement and analysis would be required to adequately cover this area and introduce it to readers."

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Abstract

A modern information retrieval system must have the capability to find, organize and present very different manifestations of information - such as text, pictures, videos or database records - any of which may be of relevance to the user. However, the concept of relevance, while seemingly intuitive, is actually hard to define, and it's even harder to model in a formal way. Lavrenko does not attempt to bring forth a new definition of relevance, nor provide arguments as to why any particular definition might be theoretically superior or more complete. Instead, he takes a widely accepted, albeit somewhat conservative definition, makes several assumptions, and from them develops a new probabilistic model that explicitly captures that notion of relevance. With this book, he makes two major contributions to the field of information retrieval: first, a new way to look at topical relevance, complementing the two dominant models, i.e., the classical probabilistic model and the language modeling approach, and which explicitly combines documents, queries, and relevance in a single formalism; second, a new method for modeling exchangeable sequences of discrete random variables which does not make any structural assumptions about the data and which can also handle rare events. Thus his book is of major interest to researchers and graduate students in information retrieval who specialize in relevance modeling, ranking algorithms, and language modeling.

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Abstract

As the World Wide Web continues to expand, it becomes increasingly difficult for users to obtain information efficiently. Because most search engines read format languages such as HTML or SGML, search results reflect formatting tags more than actual page content, which is expressed in natural language. Spinning the Semantic Web describes an exciting new type of hierarchy and standardization that will replace the current "Web of links" with a "Web of meaning." Using a flexible set of languages and tools, the Semantic Web will make all available information - display elements, metadata, services, images, and especially content - accessible. The result will be an immense repository of information accessible for a wide range of new applications. This first handbook for the Semantic Web covers, among other topics, software agents that can negotiate and collect information, markup languages that can tag many more types of information in a document, and knowledge systems that enable machines to read Web pages and determine their reliability. The truly interdisciplinary Semantic Web combines aspects of artificial intelligence, markup languages, natural language processing, information retrieval, knowledge representation, intelligent agents, and databases.

Content

Inhalt: Tim Bemers-Lee: The Original Dream - Re-enter Machines - Where Are We Now? - The World Wide Web Consortium - Where Is the Web Going Next? / Dieter Fensel, James Hendler, Henry Lieberman, and Wolfgang Wahlster: Why Is There a Need for the Semantic Web and What Will It Provide? - How the Semantic Web Will Be Possible / Jeff Heflin, James Hendler, and Sean Luke: SHOE: A Blueprint for the Semantic Web / Deborah L. McGuinness, Richard Fikes, Lynn Andrea Stein, and James Hendler: DAML-ONT: An Ontology Language for the Semantic Web / Michel Klein, Jeen Broekstra, Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen, and Ian Horrocks: Ontologies and Schema Languages on the Web / Borys Omelayenko, Monica Crubezy, Dieter Fensel, Richard Benjamins, Bob Wielinga, Enrico Motta, Mark Musen, and Ying Ding: UPML: The Language and Tool Support for Making the Semantic Web Alive / Deborah L. McGuinness: Ontologies Come of Age / Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman, and Frank van Harmelen: Sesame: An Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF Data and Schema Information / Rob Jasper and Mike Uschold: Enabling Task-Centered Knowledge Support through Semantic Markup / Yolanda Gil: Knowledge Mobility: Semantics for the Web as a White Knight for Knowledge-Based Systems / Sanjeev Thacker, Amit Sheth, and Shuchi Patel: Complex Relationships for the Semantic Web / Alexander Maedche, Steffen Staab, Nenad Stojanovic, Rudi Studer, and York Sure: SEmantic portAL: The SEAL Approach / Ora Lassila and Mark Adler: Semantic Gadgets: Ubiquitous Computing Meets the Semantic Web / Christopher Frye, Mike Plusch, and Henry Lieberman: Static and Dynamic Semantics of the Web / Masahiro Hori: Semantic Annotation for Web Content Adaptation / Austin Tate, Jeff Dalton, John Levine, and Alex Nixon: Task-Achieving Agents on the World Wide Web

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Content

Information representation and retrieval : an overview -- Information representation I : basic approaches -- Information representation II : related topics -- Language in information representation and retrieval -- Retrieval techniques and query representation -- Retrieval approaches -- Information retrieval models -- Information retrieval systems -- Retrieval of information unique in content or format -- The user dimension in information representation and retrieval -- Evaluation of information representation and retrieval -- Artificial intelligence in information representation and retrieval.

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Abstract

Interested in how an efficient search engine works? Want to know what algorithms are used to rank resulting documents in response to user requests? The authors answer these and other key information on retrieval design and implementation questions is provided. This book is not yet another high level text. Instead, algorithms are thoroughly described, making this book ideally suited for both computer science students and practitioners who work on search-related applications. As stated in the foreword, this book provides a current, broad, and detailed overview of the field and is the only one that does so. Examples are used throughout to illustrate the algorithms. The authors explain how a query is ranked against a document collection using either a single or a combination of retrieval strategies, and how an assortment of utilities are integrated into the query processing scheme to improve these rankings. Methods for building and compressing text indexes, querying and retrieving documents in multiple languages, and using parallel or distributed processing to expedite the search are likewise described. This edition is a major expansion of the one published in 1998. Neuaufl. 2005: Besides updating the entire book with current techniques, it includes new sections on language models, cross-language information retrieval, peer-to-peer processing, XML search, mediators, and duplicate document detection.

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Date

22. 3.2008 14:35:21

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Abstract

The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC), a yearly workshop hosted by the US government's National Institute of Standards and Technology, provides the infrastructure necessary for large-scale evaluation of text retrieval methodologies. With the goal of accelerating research in this area, TREC created the first large test collections of full-text documents and standardized retrieval evaluation. The impact has been significant; since TREC's beginning in 1992, retrieval effectiveness has approximately doubled. TREC has built a variety of large test collections, including collections for such specialized retrieval tasks as cross-language retrieval and retrieval of speech. Moreover, TREC has accelerated the transfer of research ideas into commercial systems, as demonstrated in the number of retrieval techniques developed in TREC that are now used in Web search engines. This book provides a comprehensive review of TREC research, summarizing the variety of TREC results, documenting the best practices in experimental information retrieval, and suggesting areas for further research. The first part of the book describes TREC's history, test collections, and retrieval methodology. Next, the book provides "track" reports -- describing the evaluations of specific tasks, including routing and filtering, interactive retrieval, and retrieving noisy text. The final part of the book offers perspectives on TREC from such participants as Microsoft Research, University of Massachusetts, Cornell University, University of Waterloo, City University of New York, and IBM. The book will be of interest to researchers in information retrieval and related technologies, including natural language processing.

Content

Enthält die Beiträge: 1. The Text REtrieval Conference - Ellen M. Voorhees and Donna K. Harman 2. The TREC Test Collections - Donna K. Harman 3. Retrieval System Evaluation - Chris Buckley and Ellen M. Voorhees 4. The TREC Ad Hoc Experiments - Donna K. Harman 5. Routing and Filtering - Stephen Robertson and Jamie Callan 6. The TREC Interactive Tracks: Putting the User into Search - Susan T. Dumais and Nicholas J. Belkin 7. Beyond English - Donna K. Harman 8. Retrieving Noisy Text - Ellen M. Voorhees and John S. Garofolo 9.The Very Large Collection and Web Tracks - David Hawking and Nick Craswell 10. Question Answering in TREC - Ellen M. Voorhees 11. The University of Massachusetts and a Dozen TRECs - James Allan, W. Bruce Croft and Jamie Callan 12. How Okapi Came to TREC - Stephen Robertson 13. The SMART Project at TREC - Chris Buckley 14. Ten Years of Ad Hoc Retrieval at TREC Using PIRCS - Kui-Lam Kwok 15. MultiText Experiments for TREC - Gordon V. Cormack, Charles L. A. Clarke, Christopher R. Palmer and Thomas R. Lynam 16. A Language-Modeling Approach to TREC - Djoerd Hiemstra and Wessel Kraaij 17. BM Research Activities at TREC - Eric W. Brown, David Carmel, Martin Franz, Abraham Ittycheriah, Tapas Kanungo, Yoelle Maarek, J. Scott McCarley, Robert L. Mack, John M. Prager, John R. Smith, Aya Soffer, Jason Y. Zien and Alan D. Marwick Epilogue: Metareflections on TREC - Karen Sparck Jones

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Content

Inhalt: Introduction Document File Preparation - Manual Indexing - Information Extraction - Vector Space Modeling - Matrix Decompositions - Query Representations - Ranking and Relevance Feedback - Searching by Link Structure - User Interface - Book Format Document File Preparation Document Purification and Analysis - Text Formatting - Validation - Manual Indexing - Automatic Indexing - Item Normalization - Inverted File Structures - Document File - Dictionary List - Inversion List - Other File Structures Vector Space Models Construction - Term-by-Document Matrices - Simple Query Matching - Design Issues - Term Weighting - Sparse Matrix Storage - Low-Rank Approximations Matrix Decompositions QR Factorization - Singular Value Decomposition - Low-Rank Approximations - Query Matching - Software - Semidiscrete Decomposition - Updating Techniques Query Management Query Binding - Types of Queries - Boolean Queries - Natural Language Queries - Thesaurus Queries - Fuzzy Queries - Term Searches - Probabilistic Queries Ranking and Relevance Feedback Performance Evaluation - Precision - Recall - Average Precision - Genetic Algorithms - Relevance Feedback Searching by Link Structure HITS Method - HITS Implementation - HITS Summary - PageRank Method - PageRank Adjustments - PageRank Implementation - PageRank Summary User Interface Considerations General Guidelines - Search Engine Interfaces - Form Fill-in - Display Considerations - Progress Indication - No Penalties for Error - Results - Test and Retest - Final Considerations Further Reading

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Abstract

The World Wide Web is rapidly filling with more text than anyone could have imagined even a short time ago, but the task of isolating relevant parts of this vast information has become just that much more daunting. Richard Belew brings a cognitive perspective to the study of information retrieval as a discipline within computer science. He introduces the idea of Finding Out About (FDA) as the process of actively seeking out information relevant to a topic of interest and describes its many facets - ranging from creating a good characterization of what the user seeks, to what documents actually mean, to methods of inferring semantic clues about each document, to the problem of evaluating whether our search engines are performing as we have intended. Finding Out About explains how to build the tools that are useful for searching collections of text and other media. In the process it takes a close look at the properties of textual documents that do not become clear until very large collections of them are brought together and shows that the construction of effective search engines requires knowledge of the statistical and mathematical properties of linguistic phenomena, as well as an appreciation for the cognitive foundation we bring to the task as language users. The unique approach of this book is its even handling of the phenomena of both numbers and words, making it accessible to a wide audience. The textbook is usable in both undergraduate and graduate classes on information retrieval, library science, and computational linguistics. The text is accompanied by a CD-ROM that contains a hypertext version of the book, including additional topics and notes not present in the printed edition. In addition, the CD contains the full text of C.J. "Keith" van Rijsbergen's famous textbook, Information Retrieval (now out of print). Many active links from Belew's to van Rijsbergen's hypertexts help to unite the material. Several test corpora and indexing tools are provided, to support the design of your own search engine. Additional exercises using these corpora and code are available to instructors. Also supporting this book is a Web site that will include recent additions to the book, as well as links to sites of new topics and methods.

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Date

22. 3.2008 16:15:37

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Content

Information representation and retrieval : an overview -- Information representation I : basic approaches -- Information representation II : related topics -- Language in information representation and retrieval -- Retrieval techniques and query representation -- Retrieval approaches -- Information retrieval models -- Information retrieval systems -- Retrieval of information unique in content or format -- The user dimension in information representation and retrieval -- Evaluation of information representation and retrieval -- Artificial intelligence in information representation and retrieval.

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.2, S.215-216 (A. Heath): "What is small, thoroughly organized, and easy to understand? Well, it's Heting Chu's latest book an information retrieval. A very welcome release, this small literary addition to the field (only 248 pages) contains a concise and weIl-organized discussion of every major topic in information retrieval. The often-complex field of information retrieval is presented from its origin in the early 1950s to the present day. The organization of this text is top-notch, thus making this an easy read for even the novice. Unlike other titles in this area, Chu's user-friendly style of writing is done an purpose to properly introduce newcomers to the field in a less intimidating way. As stated by the author in the Preface, the purpose of the book is to "present a systematic, thorough yet nontechnical view of the field by using plain language to explain complex subjects." Chu has definitely struck up the right combination of ingredients. In a field so broad and complex, a well-organized presentation of topics that don't trip an themselves is essential. The use of plain language where possible is also a good choice for this topic because it allows one to absorb topics that are, by nature, not as easy to grasp. For instance, Chapters 6 and 7, which cover retrieval approaches and techniques, an often painstaking topic for many students and teachers is deftly handled with the use of tables that can be used to compare and contrast the various models discussed. I particularly loved Chu's use of Koll's 2000 article from the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science to explain subject searching at the beginning of Chapter 6, which discusses the differences between browsing and searching. The Koll article uses the task of finding a needle in a haystack as an analogy.

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Content

Inhalt: SESSION: Building and using cultural digital libraries Primarily history: historians and the search for primary source materials (Helen R. Tibbo) - Using the Gamera framework for the recognition of cultural heritage materials (Michael Droettboom, Ichiro Fujinaga, Karl MacMillan, G. Sayeed Chouhury, Tim DiLauro, Mark Patton, Teal Anderson) - Supporting access to large digital oral history archives (Samuel Gustman, Dagobert Soergel, Douglas Oard, William Byrne, Michael Picheny, Bhuvana Ramabhadran, Douglas Greenberg) SESSION: Summarization and question answering Using sentence-selection heuristics to rank text segments in TXTRACTOR (Daniel McDonald, Hsinchun Chen) - Using librarian techniques in automatic text summarization for information retrieval (Min-Yen Kan, Judith L. Klavans) - QuASM: a system for question answering using semi-structured data (David Pinto, Michael Branstein, Ryan Coleman, W. Bruce Croft, Matthew King, Wei Li, Xing Wei) SESSION: Studying users Reading-in-the-small: a study of reading on small form factor devices (Catherine C. Marshall, Christine Ruotolo) - A graph-based recommender system for digital library (Zan Huang, Wingyan Chung, Thian-Huat Ong, Hsinchun Chen) - The effects of topic familiarity on information search behavior (Diane Kelly, Colleen Cool) SESSION: Classification and browsing A language modelling approach to relevance profiling for document browsing (David J. Harper, Sara Coulthard, Sun Yixing) - Compound descriptors in context: a matching function for classifications and thesauri (Douglas Tudhope, Ceri Binding, Dorothee Blocks, Daniel Cunliffe) - Structuring keyword-based queries for web databases (Rodrigo C. Vieira, Pavel Calado, Altigran S. da Silva, Alberto H. F. Laender, Berthier A. Ribeiro-Neto) - An approach to automatic classification of text for information retrieval (Hong Cui, P. Bryan Heidorn, Hong Zhang)
SESSION: A digital libraries for education Middle school children's use of the ARTEMIS digital library (June Abbas, Cathleen Norris, Elliott Soloway) - Partnership reviewing: a cooperative approach for peer review of complex educational resources (John Weatherley, Tamara Sumner, Michael Khoo, Michael Wright, Marcel Hoffmann) - A digital library for geography examination resources (Lian-Heong Chua, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ee-Peng Lim, Zehua Liu, Rebecca Pei-Hui Ang) - Digital library services for authors of learning materials (Flora McMartin, Youki Terada) SESSION: Novel search environments Integration of simultaneous searching and reference linking across bibliographic resources on the web (William H. Mischo, Thomas G. Habing, Timothy W. Cole) - Exploring discussion lists: steps and directions (Paula S. Newman) - Comparison of two approaches to building a vertical search tool: a case study in the nanotechnology domain (Michael Chau, Hsinchun Chen, Jialun Qin, Yilu Zhou, Yi Qin, Wai-Ki Sung, Daniel McDonald) SESSION: Video and multimedia digital libraries A multilingual, multimodal digital video library system (Michael R. Lyu, Edward Yau, Sam Sze) - A digital library data model for music (Natalia Minibayeva, Jon W. Dunn) - Video-cuebik: adapting image search to video shots (Alexander G. Hauptmann, Norman D. Papernick) - Virtual multimedia libraries built from the web (Neil C. Rowe) - Multi-modal information retrieval from broadcast video using OCR and speech recognition (Alexander G. Hauptmann, Rong Jin, Tobun Dorbin Ng) SESSION: OAI application Extending SDARTS: extracting metadata from web databases and interfacing with the open archives initiative (Panagiotis G. Ipeirotis, Tom Barry, Luis Gravano) - Using the open archives initiative protocols with EAD (Christopher J. Prom, Thomas G. Habing) - Preservation and transition of NCSTRL using an OAI-based architecture (H. Anan, X. Liu, K. Maly, M. Nelson, M. Zubair, J. C. French, E. Fox, P. Shivakumar) - Integrating harvesting into digital library content (David A. Smith, Anne Mahoney, Gregory Crane) SESSION: Searching across language, time, and space Harvesting translingual vocabulary mappings for multilingual digital libraries (Ray R. Larson, Fredric Gey, Aitao Chen) - Detecting events with date and place information in unstructured text (David A. Smith) - Using sharable ontology to retrieve historical images (Von-Wun Soo, Chen-Yu Lee, Jaw Jium Yeh, Ching-chih Chen) - Towards an electronic variorum edition of Cervantes' Don Quixote:: visualizations that support preparation (Rajiv Kochumman, Carlos Monroy, Richard Furuta, Arpita Goenka, Eduardo Urbina, Erendira Melgoza)
SESSION: NSDL Core services in the architecture of the national science digital library (NSDL) (Carl Lagoze, William Arms, Stoney Gan, Diane Hillmann, Christopher Ingram, Dean Krafft, Richard Marisa, Jon Phipps, John Saylor, Carol Terrizzi, Walter Hoehn, David Millman, James Allan, Sergio Guzman-Lara, Tom Kalt) - Creating virtual collections in digital libraries: benefits and implementation issues (Gary Geisler, Sarah Giersch, David McArthur, Marty McClelland) - Ontology services for curriculum development in NSDL (Amarnath Gupta, Bertram Ludäscher, Reagan W. Moore) - Interactive digital library resource information system: a web portal for digital library education (Ahmad Rafee Che Kassim, Thomas R. Kochtanek) SESSION: Digital library communities and change Cross-cultural usability of the library metaphor (Elke Duncker) - Trust and epistemic communities in biodiversity data sharing (Nancy A. Van House) - Evaluation of digital community information systems (K. T. Unruh, K. E. Pettigrew, J. C. Durrance) - Adapting digital libraries to continual evolution (Bruce R. Barkstrom, Melinda Finch, Michelle Ferebee, Calvin Mackey) SESSION: Models and tools for generating digital libraries Localizing experience of digital content via structural metadata (Naomi Dushay) - Collection synthesis (Donna Bergmark) - 5SL: a language for declarative specification and generation of digital libraries (Marcos André, Gonçalves, Edward A. Fox) SESSION: Novel user interfaces A digital library of conversational expressions: helping profoundly disabled users communicate (Hayley Dunlop, Sally Jo Cunningham, Matt Jones) - Enhancing the ENVISION interface for digital libraries (Jun Wang, Abhishek Agrawal, Anil Bazaza, Supriya Angle, Edward A. Fox, Chris North) - A wearable digital library of personal conversations (Wei-hao Lin, Alexander G. Hauptmann) - Collaborative visual interfaces to digital libraries (Katy Börner, Ying Feng, Tamara McMahon) - Binding browsing and reading activities in a 3D digital library (Pierre Cubaud, Pascal Stokowski, Alexandre Topol)

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Date

22. 3.2008 18:05:16

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Footnote

Weitere Rez. in: New Library World 108(2007) nos.3/4, S.190-191 (K.V. Trickey): "Vanda has provided a very useful work that will enable any reader who is prepared to follow her instruction to produce a thesaurus that will be a quality language-based subject access tool that will make the task of information retrieval easier and more effective. Once again I express my gratitude to Vanda for producing another excellent book." - Electronic Library 24(2006) no.6, S.866-867 (A.G. Smith): "Essential thesaurus construction is an ideal instructional text, with clear bullet point summaries at the ends of sections, and relevant and up to date references, putting thesauri in context with the general theory of information retrieval. But it will also be a valuable reference for any information professional developing or using a controlled vocabulary." - KO 33(2006) no.4, S.215-216 (M.P. Satija)

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22