Search (423 results, page 1 of 22)

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Abstract

In this research study, Nemertes performed an independent in-depth analysis of Internet and IP infrastructure (which we call capacity) and current and projected traffic (which we call demand) with the goal of understanding how each has changed over time, and determining if there will ever be a point at which demand exceeds capacity. To assess infrastructure capacity, we reviewed details of carrier expenditures and vendor revenues, and compared these against market research studies. To compute demand, we took a unique approach: Instead of modeling user behavior based on measuring the application portfolios that users had currently deployed, and projecting deployment of those applications in future, we looked directly at how user consumption of available bandwidth has changed over time.

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Date

22. 8.2009 19:50:27

Issue

2. Aufl. - Hergestellt on demand

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Abstract

This paper reflects on some major aspects related to library subject access systems in the era of networked information. The main argument builds on the fact that we nowadays witness the strongest demand and expectation on subject access tools, coming from far beyond the traditional library world, but the field remains the weakest side of international librarianship. While the emergence to cope with the practical challenges of a wider environment is emphasized, the need to reinforce the internationalization of knowledge organization as a professional library matter is stressed, not only at the pragmatic level but also, more importantly, in theoretical terms.

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Abstract

As the Web has become a major channel of information dissemination, many newspapers expand their services by providing electronic versions of news information on the Web. However, most investors find it difficult to search for the financial information of interest from the huge Web information space-information overloading problem. In this article, we present a personal agent that utilizes user profiles and user relevance feedback to search for the Chinese Web financial news articles on behalf of users. A Chinese indexing component is developed to index the continuously fetched Chinese financial news articles. User profiles capture the basic knowledge of user preferences based on the sources of news articles, the regions of the news reported, categories of industries related, the listed companies, and user-specified keywords. User feedback captures the semantics of the user rated news articles. The search engine ranks the top 20 news articles that users are most interested in and report to the user daily or on demand. Experiments are conducted to measure the performance of the agents based on the inputs from user profiles and user feedback. It shows that simply using the user profiles does not increase the precision of the retrieval. However, user relevance feedback helps to increase the performance of the retrieval as the user interact with the system until it reaches the optimal performance. Combining both user profiles and user relevance feedback produces the best performance

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Abstract

The U.S. federal government has been a major publisher on the Internet. Its many agencies have used the Internet, and the Web most recently, to provide access to a great quantity of their information output. Several agencies such as the Library of Congress and the Government Printing Office have taken a leading role in both providing information and offering finding aids, while other endeavors such as FirstGov and subject gateways offer other avenues of access. A brief look back at the history of the government on the Web and the continuing concerns and challenges show how the government is not only a major content provider on the Internet but also a source for the organization of the content.

Date

15. 2.2007 19:05:22

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Abstract

This book provides relevant content in the areas of information retrieval systems, services, and research; covering topics such as social tagging, collaborative querying, social network analysis, subjective relevance judgments, and collaborative filtering. Answering the increasing demand for authoritative resources on Internet technologies, this will make an indispensable addition to any library collection

Content

Inhalt Collaborating to search effectively in different searcher modes through cues and specialty search / Naresh Kumar Agarwal and Danny C.C. Poo -- Collaborative querying using a hybrid content and results-based approach / Chandrani Sinha Ray ... [et al.] -- Collaborative classification for group-oriented organization of search results / Keiichi Nakata and Amrish Singh -- A case study of use-centered descriptions : archival descriptions of what can be done with a collection / Richard Butterworth -- Metadata for social recommendations : storing, sharing, and reusing evaluations of learning resources / Riina Vuorikari, Nikos Manouselis, and Erik Duval -- Social network models for enhancing reference-based search engine rankings / Nikolaos Korfiatis ... [et al.] -- From PageRank to social rank : authority-based retrieval in social information spaces / Sebastian Marius Kirsch ... [et al.] -- Adaptive peer-to-peer social networks for distributed content-based Web search / Le-Shin Wu ... [et al.] -- The ethics of social information retrieval / Brendan Luyt and Chu Keong Lee -- The social context of knowledge / Daniel Memmi -- Social information seeking in digital libraries / George Buchanan and Annika Hinze -- Relevant intra-actions in networked environments / Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson -- Publication and citation analysis as a tool for information retrieval / Ronald Rousseau -- Personalized information retrieval in a semantic-based learning environment / Antonella Carbonaro and Rodolfo Ferrini -- Multi-agent tourism system (MATS) / Soe Yu Maw and Myo-Myo Naing -- Hybrid recommendation systems : a case study on the movies domain / Konstantinos Markellos ... [et al.].

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Abstract

Der "Weltuntergang" ist wieder gefragt. Das Buch des Philosophen Oswald Marbach von 1861 stand lange verstaubt in einem Buchregal der Bibliothek der Humboldt-Universität Berlin. Nun blättern Interessierte darin herum, aber nicht in einem Lesesaal, sondern zu Hause, an ihrem Computer. Marbachs "Weltuntergang" ist mittlerweile ein gescanntes Buch: eine Datei im pdf-Format. Millionen alter Bücher werden zurzeit weltweit digitalisiert. Sie sind meist älter als 100 Jahre, und ihr Urheberrecht ist erloschen. Ohne das Internet als Verbreitungsmedium wären sie zumeist nur noch bloß Staubfänger aus vergangenen Epochen. Im Jahre 2004 hatte der als Suchmaschine bekannt gewordene Konzern Google der Welt verkündet, man wolle alte Bücher großer Bibliotheken allen Interessierten online zur Verfügung stellen, darunter Buchbestände der Universitäten Oxford, Stanford, Princeton und auch der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek. Die Bayern mischen sogar beim europäischen Konkurrenzprojekt mit: dem von der EU 2007 initiierten "eBooks on Demand". Weitere 17 europäische Uni-Bibliotheken beteiligen sich daran, wie die Berliner.

Object

eBooks on Demand

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Abstract

This article focuses on the process of scientific and scholarly communication. Data on open access publications on the Internet not only provides a supplement to the traditional citation indexes but also enables analysis of the microprocesses and daily practices that constitute scientific communication. This article focuses on a stage in the life cycle of scientific and scholarly information that precedes the publication of formal research articles in the scientific and scholarly literature. Binomial logistic regression models are used to analyse precise mechanisms at work in the transformation of a working paper (WP) into a journal article (JA) in the field of economics. The study unveils a fine-grained process of adapting WPs to their new context as JAs by deleting and adding literature references, which perhaps can be best captured by the term sculpting.

Date

22. 3.2009 18:59:25

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Abstract

In recent years, many evaluations of Web sites have been conducted, and relevant researches have also been carried out in academic circles. Correspondence analysis is introduced in this paper to evaluate university library Web sites through building a correspondence analysis model. This paper gives suggestions as to how to construct university library Web sites based on analysis and summary of evaluation results, in a bid to strengthen the construction of university library Web sites.

Date

22. 7.2006 16:40:18

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Abstract

Navigating through hyperlinks within a Web site to look for information from one of its Web pages without the support of a site map can be inefficient and ineffective. Although the content of a Web site is usually organized with an inherent structure like a topic hierarchy, which is a directed tree rooted at a Web site's homepage whose vertices and edges correspond to Web pages and hyperlinks, such a topic hierarchy is not always available to the user. In this work, we studied the problem of automatic generation of Web sites' topic hierarchies. We modeled a Web site's link structure as a weighted directed graph and proposed methods for estimating edge weights based on eight types of features and three learning algorithms, namely decision trees, naïve Bayes classifiers, and logistic regression. Three graph algorithms, namely breadth-first search, shortest-path search, and directed minimum-spanning tree, were adapted to generate the topic hierarchy based on the graph model. We have tested the model and algorithms on real Web sites. It is found that the directed minimum-spanning tree algorithm with the decision tree as the weight learning algorithm achieves the highest performance with an average accuracy of 91.9%.

Date

22. 3.2009 12:51:47

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Abstract

Language barrier is the major problem that people face in searching for, retrieving, and understanding multilingual collections on the Internet. This paper deals with query translation and document translation in a Chinese-English information retrieval system called MTIR. Bilingual dictionary and monolingual corpus-based approaches are adopted to select suitable tranlated query terms. A machine transliteration algorithm is introduced to resolve proper name searching. We consider several design issues for document translation, including which material is translated, what roles the HTML tags play in translation, what the tradeoff is between the speed performance and the translation performance, and what from the translated result is presented in. About 100.000 Web pages translated in the last 4 months of 1997 are used for quantitative study of online and real-time Web page translation

Date

16. 2.2000 14:22:39

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Abstract

The importance of trust in building and maintaining consumer relationships in the online environment is widely accepted in the Information Systems literature. A key challenge for researchers is to identify antecedent variables that engender consumer trust in Internet shopping. This paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach and develops an integrative model of consumer trust in Internet shopping through synthesizing the three diverse trust literatures. The social psychological perspective guides us to include perceived trustworthiness of Internet merchants as the key determinant of consumer trust in Internet shopping. The sociological viewpoint suggests the inclusion of legal framework and third-party recognition in the research model. The views of personality theorists postulate a direct effect of propensity to trust on consumer trust in Internet shopping. The results of this study provide strong support for the research model and research hypotheses, and the high explanatory power illustrates the complementarity of the three streams of research on trust. This paper contributes to the conceptual and empirical understanding of consumer trust in Internet shopping. Implications of this study are noteworthy for both researchers and practitioners.

Date

22. 7.2006 17:06:10

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Abstract

While the Web has grown significantly in recent years, some portions of the Web remain largely underdeveloped, as shown in a lack of high-quality content and functionality. An example is the Arabic Web, in which a lack of well-structured Web directories limits users' ability to browse for Arabic resources. In this research, we proposed an approach to building Web directories for the underdeveloped Web and developed a proof-of-concept prototype called the Arabic Medical Web Directory (AMedDir) that supports browsing of over 5,000 Arabic medical Web sites and pages organized in a hierarchical structure. We conducted an experiment involving Arab participants and found that the AMedDir significantly outperformed two benchmark Arabic Web directories in terms of browsing effectiveness, efficiency, information quality, and user satisfaction. Participants expressed strong preference for the AMedDir and provided many positive comments. This research thus contributes to developing a useful Web directory for organizing the information in the Arabic medical domain and to a better understanding of how to support browsing on the underdeveloped Web.

Date

22. 3.2009 17:57:50

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Date

20.12.2006 18:22:32

Isbn

3-936931-22-4

LCSH

World Summit on the Information Society ; Information society ; Digital divide

Subject

World Summit on the Information Society ; Information society ; Digital divide

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Abstract

While many catalogers are using the Web to find the information they need to perform authority work quickly and accurately, the full potential of the Web to assist catalogers in name authority work has yet to be realized. The ever-growing nature of the Web means that available information for creating personal name, corporate name, and other types of headings will increase. In this article, we examine ways in which simple and effective Web searching can save catalogers time and money in the process of authority work. In addition, questions involving evaluating authority information found on the Web are explored.

Date

10. 9.2000 17:38:22

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Content

Das leidige Problem: Die Programme von Premiere World sind über den iesy-Dekoder nicht zu empfangen. Umgekehrt können die hessischen Premiere-Abonnenten mit ihrer d-box die iesy-Angebote nicht sehen. Denn statt des umstrittenen Digitalkastens aus München hat sich eKabel für eine Settop-Box des US-Herstellers Motorola entschieden. Sie arbeitet mit einer Software des amerikanischen Unternehmens Liberate und entschlüsselt alle Digitaldienste mit dem Motorola-System MediaCipher. Wer iesy-TV und die Premiere Aboprogramme der Münchner Kirch-Gruppe empfangen will, müsste sich also zwei digitale Empfangsgeräte anschaffen - eine für den Zuschauer missliche Situation. "Mit der Einspeisung der Premiere-Programme in unsere Netze verdienen wir fast nichts. Gespräche mit Kirch über ein neues Geschäftsmodell waren aber bisher erfolglos. Außerdem holt die d-box das Internet nicht auf den Fernsehschirm", begründet Geschäftsführer Günter Maier das Vorgehen von eKabel. Kirch-Sprecher Hartmut Schultz erklärt zu dem Thema lapidar, es gebe zwar Kontakte zu allen Kabelgesellschaften, aber noch keine konkreten Geschäftsmodelle". Obwohl die Kirch-Gruppe kürzlich angedeutet hatte, ihre Pay-TV-Pakete demnächst auch über andere Digitaldekoder als die d-box zu vermarkten, scheint das zumindest in Hessen noch in weiter Ferne zu liegen. Doch was bietet eKabel seinen Kunden? Zunächst ein Basispaker mit 33 analogen Fernsehprogrammen und 40 Radiosendern Die dafür zu entrichtende Kabelgrundgebühr schwankt in Hessen zwischen 15,60 Mark und 26,90 Mark. Neu ist das digitale Paket Basis plus, das Kunden für 19,60 Mark im Monat extra abonnieren können. Für sein Geld erhält der Zuschauer eine Settop-Box ins Haus gestellt, die an den Fernseher angeschlossen wird und die technische Voraussetzung für den Empfang von Digitaldiensten schafft. Mit dem Dekoder können im Basis plusPaket zehn neue digitale Spartenkanäle empfangen werden. Dabei handelt es sich um Special-interest-Sender wie Eurosportnews (Sportnachrichten), Wine & Dine (Gastronomie), Leonardo (Wissen) oder Marco Polo (Reise). Eine elektronische Programmzeitschrift, im Branchenjargon EPG - Electronic Program Guide. genannt - liefert auf Knopfdruck eine Ubersicht der neuen Programminhalte am Bildschirm. Vor allem ermöglicht die digitale Box das Versenden von E-Mails und das Abrufen von ausgewählten Internetseiten auf dem Fernsehgerät. Hierfür stellt eKabel Nutzern ein drahtloses Keyboard zur Verfügung, mit dem Webadressen und Texte der elektronischen Post eingegeben werden können. Im Basis plus-Tarif istjeweils eine Mailadresse pro Familienmitglied enthalten. Demnächst soll auch der elektronische Einkauf ("Homeshopping") am Fernseher Realität werden; insgesamt fünf Shoppingkanäle werden Zuschauern dann ihre Produkte zur Direktbestellung anpreisen. Laut eKabel-Geschäftsführer Maier ist das nur der erste Schritt zum weiteren Ausbau der iesy-TV-Angebote. Zusätzliche Digitalsender - darunter auch Spezialbouquets für ausländische Zuschauer - werden die Basispakete ergänzen, in einigen Monate sollen das Abonnement einzelner Kanäle (Pay-per-channel) sowie das Bestellen einzelner Spielfilme (Video on Demand) möglich werden. Auch für einen Hochgeschwindigkeitszugang ins Internet für den PC via Modem (iesy Net) sowie die Möglichkeit, über das Kabelnetz preiswert zu telefonieren (iesy Phone), will das Untemehmen so rasch wie möglich eine große Zahl von Kunden begeistern. Allerdings wird es rund vier Jahre dauern, bis die neuen Multimediadienste im gesamten Netz verfügbar sein werden, an dem heute 1,3 Millionen der 2,7 Millionen hessischen Haushalte hängen. Um die Strippen technisch aufzurüsten, will eKabel, das von dem britischen Telekom-Untemehmen National Transcommunications Limited (NTL) kontrolliert wird, 1,8 Milliarden Mark investieren. Langfristig will das Unternehmen 40 Prozent des Umsatzes mit Fernsehangeboten, etwa 30 Prozent mit Kabeltelefonie und ebenso viel mit Intemetdiensten und Geschäftskunden erwirtschaften. eKabel hatte vor einem Jahr 65 Prozent der zuvor im Alleinbesitz der Deutschen Telekom befindlichen Kabelanlagen erworben und dafür nach Schätzungen zwischen zwei und drei Milliarden Mark bezahlt.

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Abstract

Purpose - The "photosharing" site Flickr is one of the most commonly cited examples used to define Web2.0. This paper aims to explore where Flickr's real novelty lies, examining its functionality and its place in the world of amateur photography. Several optimistic views of the impact of Flickr such as its facilitation of citizen journalism, "vernacular creativity" and in learning as an "affinity space" are evaluated. Design/methodology/approach - The paper draws on a wide range of sources including published interviews with its developers, user opinions expressed in forums, telephone interviews and content analysis of user profiles and activity. Findings - Flickr's development path passes from an innovative social game to a relatively familiar model of a web site, itself developed through intense user participation but later stabilising with the reassertion of a commercial relationship to the membership. The broader context of the impact of Flickr is examined by looking at the institutions of amateur photography and particularly the code of pictorialism promoted by the clubs and industry during the twentieth century. The nature of Flickr as a benign space is premised on the way the democratic potential of photography is controlled by such institutions. The limits of optimistic claims about Flickr are identified in the way that the system is designed to satisfy commercial purposes, continuing digital divides in access and the low interactivity and criticality on Flickr. Originality/value - Flickr is an interesting source of change, but can only be understood in the perspective of long-term development of the hobby and wider social processes. By setting Flickr in such a broad context, its significance and that of Web2.0 more generally can be fully assessed.

Date

30.12.2008 19:38:22

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Abstract

In this research, we aim to identify factors that significantly affect the clickthrough of Web searchers. Our underlying goal is determine more efficient methods to optimize the clickthrough rate. We devise a clickthrough metric for measuring customer satisfaction of search engine results using the number of links visited, number of queries a user submits, and rank of clicked links. We use a neural network to detect the significant influence of searching characteristics on future user clickthrough. Our results show that high occurrences of query reformulation, lengthy searching duration, longer query length, and the higher ranking of prior clicked links correlate positively with future clickthrough. We provide recommendations for leveraging these findings for improving the performance of search engine retrieval and result ranking, along with implications for search engine marketing.

Date

22. 3.2009 17:49:11

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Abstract

The scale of web site design has grown so that what was once comparable to decorating a room is now comparable to designing buildings or even cities. Designing sites so that people can find their way around is an ever-growing challenge as sites contain more and more information. In the past, Information Architecture for the World Wide Web has helped developers and designers establish consistent and usable structures for their sites and their information. This edition of the classic primer on web site design and navigation is updated with recent examples, new scenarios, and new information on best practices. Readers will learn how to present large volumes of information to visitors who need to find what they're looking for quickly. With topics that range from aesthetics to mechanics, this valuable book explains how to create interfaces that users can understand easily.

Date

22. 3.2008 16:18:27

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Abstract

Social networks evolve over time with the addition and removal of nodes and links to survive and thrive in their environments. Previous studies have shown that the link-formation process in such networks is influenced by a set of facilitators. However, there have been few empirical evaluations to determine the important facilitators. In a research partnership with law enforcement agencies, we used dynamic social-network analysis methods to examine several plausible facilitators of co-offending relationships in a large-scale narcotics network consisting of individuals and vehicles. Multivariate Cox regression and a two-proportion z-test on cyclic and focal closures of the network showed that mutual acquaintance and vehicle affiliations were significant facilitators for the network under study. We also found that homophily with respect to age, race, and gender were not good predictors of future link formation in these networks. Moreover, we examined the social causes and policy implications for the significance and insignificance of various facilitators including common jails on future co-offending. These findings provide important insights into the link-formation processes and the resilience of social networks. In addition, they can be used to aid in the prediction of future links. The methods described can also help in understanding the driving forces behind the formation and evolution of social networks facilitated by mobile and Web technologies.

Date

22. 3.2009 18:50:30