Search (243 results, page 1 of 13)

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Abstract

Reviews Auto-Graphics, Inc.'s IMPACT system: designed as a CD-ROM index of a library's data base of holdings and bibliographic information. IMPACT is based in the MARC format.

Source

CD-ROM librarian. 4(1989), no.1, S.22-26

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Abstract

The university libraries at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University began an innovative indexing method in 1985 with the objectives of stronger and easier subject access to local newspapers and the creation of an index which could store information compactly and economically. Discusses the decision to use Pro-Cite software and describes the creation of 10 area data base files. Outlines 2 areas of difficulty: documentation and terminology.

Date

30.11.1995 17:22:01

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Object

INDEX

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Abstract

Surveys local newspaper indexing projects of recent years and their published results, particularly The Glasgow Herald Index, The Scotsman Index, The Meadley Index to the Hull Advertiser, and three Irish indexes

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Abstract

Julia Pettee's contribution to classification theory came about as part of her work an subject headings. Pettee (1872-1967) was for many years librarian of the Union Theological Seminary in New York and was best known for the classification system she developed for the seminary and as the author of the book Subiect Headings. She was one of the first to call attention to the fact that there was a classification system in subject headings. It was, as she put it, "completely concealed when scattered through the alphabetical sequence" (p. 98). On the other hand, she recognized that an index entry was a pointing device and existed to show users specific terms. Index terms, unlike subject headings, could be manipulated, inverted, repeated, and stated in as many words as might be desired. The subject heading, she reiterated, had in it "some idea of classification," but was designed to pull together like material and, unlike the index term, would have limited capability for supplying access by way of synonyms, catchwords, or other associative forms. It is interesting that she also thought of the subject heading in context as forming a three-dimensional system. Logically this is the case whenever one attempts to reach beyond the conventional hierarchy as described an a plane surface, and, in fact, thought out as if the classification were an a plane surface. Pettee described this dimension variously as names "reaching up and over the surface ... hands clasp[ing] in the air" from an individual term (pp. 99-100). Or, in other context, as the mapping of "the many third-dimensional criss-crossing relationships of subject headings." (p. 103) Investigations following Pettee's insight have shown the nature and the degree of the classification latent in subject headings and also in the cross-references of all indexing systems using cross-references of the associative type ("see also" or equivalent terminology). More importantly, study of this type of connection has revealed jumps in logic and meaning caused by homographs or homonyms and resulting in false connections in classification. Standardized rules for making thesauri have prevented some of the more glaring non sequiturs, but much more still needs to be done. The whole area of "related terms", for example, needs to be brought under control, especially in terms of classification mapping.

Footnote

Original in: Pettee, J.: The history and theory of the alphabetical subject approach to books. New York: Wilson 1946. S.22-25.

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Source

http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_

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Abstract

This article illustrates a numer of uses for Science Citation Index as an unusual reference tool. It is shown to be useful beyond its intended purpose. Its value is limited only by one's imagination. Inaccessible information can be made readily available by creatively using this well-known but under-used reference tool

Object

Science citation index

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Abstract

Reviews the cumulative index to LISA, the leading English language abstracting journal on librarianship and information science and maintains that the index is a vital reference tool for those who do not have access to an on-line search service. Dascribes the index which is arranged in sequences of name and subject. Maintains that the introduction could be longer as the name index in particular requires more explanation, and illustrates by means of axamples. Lists strengths and weaknesses of the name index. Asserts that the subject index will receive greater use and warrants some explanation which is not provided. Suggests that the value of chain indexing is negated by divorce from classification. Affirms the enormous value of the work as an indispensable reference tool

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Abstract

89 articles from a small, Danish left-wing newspaper were indexed by PRECIS and KWIC. The articles cover a wide range of social science subjects. Controlled test searches in both indexes were carried out by 20 students of library science. The results obtained from this small-scale retrieval test were evaluated by a chi-square test. The PRECIS index led to more correct answers and fewer wrong answers than the KWIC index, i.e. it had both better recall and greater precision. Furthermore, the students were more confident in their judgement of the relevance of retrieved articles in the PRECIS index than in the KWIC index; and they generally favoured the PRECIS index in the subjective judgement they were asked to make

Theme

Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)

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Footnote

[Magisterarbeit zur Informationswissenschaft]; enthält neben einer theoretischen Einführung eine ausführliche Beschreibung des Systems INDEX 3.1

Object

INDEX

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Abstract

Calvin Mooers' work toward the resolution of the problem of ambiguity in indexing went unrecognized for years. At the time he introduced the "descriptor" - a term with a very distinct meaning-indexers were, for the most part, taking index terms directly from the document, without either rationalizing them with context or normalizing them with some kind of classification. It is ironic that Mooers' term came to be attached to the popular but unsophisticated indexing methods which he was trying to root out. Simply expressed, what Mooers did was to take the dictionary definitions of terms and redefine them so clearly that they could not be used in any context except that provided by the new definition. He did, at great pains, construct such meanings for over four hundred words; disambiguation and specificity were sought after and found for these words. He proposed that all indexers adopt this method so that when the index supplied a term, it also supplied the exact meaning for that term as used in the indexed document. The same term used differently in another document would be defined differently and possibly renamed to avoid ambiguity. The disambiguation was achieved by using unabridged dictionaries and other sources of defining terminology. In practice, this tends to produce circularity in definition, that is, word A refers to word B which refers to word C which refers to word A. It was necessary, therefore, to break this chain by creating a new, definitive meaning for each word. Eventually, means such as those used by Austin (q.v.) for PRECIS achieved the same purpose, but by much more complex means than just creating a unique definition of each term. Mooers, however, was probably the first to realize how confusing undefined terminology could be. Early automatic indexers dealt with distinct disciplines and, as long as they did not stray beyond disciplinary boundaries, a quick and dirty keyword approach was satisfactory. The trouble came when attempts were made to make a combined index for two or more distinct disciplines. A number of processes have since been developed, mostly involving tagging of some kind or use of strings. Mooers' solution has rarely been considered seriously and probably would be extremely difficult to apply now because of so much interdisciplinarity. But for a specific, weIl defined field, it is still weIl worth considering. Mooers received training in mathematics and physics from the University of Minnesota and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was the founder of Zator Company, which developed and marketed a coded card information retrieval system, and of Rockford Research, Inc., which engages in research in information science. He is the inventor of the TRAC computer language.

Footnote

Original in: Information retrieval today: papers presented at an Institute conducted by the Library School and the Center for Continuation Study, University of Minnesota, Sept. 19-22, 1962. Ed. by Wesley Simonton. Minneapolis, Minn.: The Center, 1963. S.21-36.

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Theme

Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)

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Theme

Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)

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Theme

Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)

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Source

Catalogue and index. 1985, no.76/77, S.1,3-7

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