-
Bridges, K.: Campus-wide information systems : a possible library initiative for the 1990s (1993)
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- Abstract
- Provides an overview of the concept of a campus-wide information system (CWIS), focusing on the use of Gopher software to provide distributed information access. Suggests an administrative paradigm for such a system that stresses cooperation between various campus entities and emphazises the need for the library, academic computing, and administration to rationally divide resposibilities. Discusses some of the possible sociological effects of the CWIS including the impact on the traditional university culture
-
He, P.W.; Knee, M.: ¬The challenge of electronic services librarianship (1995)
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- Abstract
- Electronic services librarianship has become a new position in many libraries to deal with the new services generated from the emerging technologies. In this article, the authors define this position and discuss reasons for it. Both sides of the issue are analyzed: that of the traditional librarian, whose expectations for this new staff line to bridge the gap between the library systems unit and the nontechnical library staff are high; and that of the library systems professional, who is more concerned about the library lifeline, OPAC. Electronic/network services librarians must get their work done without overstepping their boundaries. Nevertheless, this new professional is able to bring emerging technologies and applications to librarians, staff and users. This article describes problems and suggests solutions for the hiring process and the position's place in the organizational structure. A set of tips for the electronic services librarian to survive and thrive in the bureaucracy is also presented
-
Freund, L.: Contextualizing the information-seeking behavior of software engineers (2015)
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- Abstract
- Information seeking in the workplace can vary substantially from one search to the next due to changes in the context of the search. Modeling these dynamic contextual effects is an important challenge facing the research community because it has the potential to lead to more responsive search systems. With this motivation, a study of software engineers was conducted to understand the role that contextual factors play in shaping their information-seeking behavior. Research was conducted in the field in a large technology company and comprised six unstructured interviews, a focus group, and 13 in-depth, semistructured interviews. Qualitative analysis revealed a set of contextual factors and related information behaviors. Results are formalized in the contextual model of source selection, the main contributions of which are the identification of two types of conditioning variables (requirements and constraints) that mediate between the contextual factors and source-selection decisions, and the articulation of dominant source-selection patterns. The study has implications for the design of context-sensitive search systems in this domain and may inform contextual approaches to information seeking in other professional domains.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.8, S.1594-1605
-
Su, S.-F.; Lancaster, F.W.: Evaluation of expert systems in reference service applications (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of an evaluation of 2 expert systems designed for use in library reference services: ReferenceExpert (RE), developed by Houston University; and SourceFinder (SF), developed by Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign. The test group consisted of 60 graduate students at the initial stage of an intermediate level reference course. The evaluation involved test questions already used in an earlier study (College and research libraries 52(1991) no.5, S.454-465). Results indicated that: there was no significant difference between RE and SF students in the confidence they expressed regarding understanding of their test questions; no significant correlation was found between confidence in understanding the question and success in selecting appropriate sources; only 1/5 of the students agreed that the system they used could be considered 'intelligent'; the majority did not consider the system they used to be 'competent'; almost half agreed that the subject categories provided by the menus were too broad; a little more than half wer not satisfied with the information sources selected by their system; significantly more RE users than SF users agreed that they found the menu interface useful; and a keyword search capability was the feature most often mentioned as a needed system enhancement. Overall results indicated that current expert systems for the selection of reference sources cannot perform as well as experienced subject oriented reference librarians
-
Tenopir, C.: Reference services from RLG (1995)
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- Abstract
- Describes the variety of search services supporting library reference functions offered by the RLG in the USA. The best known of these is RLIN, the massive bibliographic database and related services originally developed for shared cataloguing. In the last few years RLG has added CitaDel, an online search system that provides access to indexing/abstracting databases; and Zephyr, a Z39.50 server that amkes the RLIN and CitaDel databases searchable through a library's online catalogue. RLG also offers document delivery connections, including Ariel and Internet based document delivery software, for a full complement of online reference support for academic and public libraries
- Date
- 25.11.1995 19:22:01
-
Yu, L.: Geographic information systems in library reference services : development and challenge (1998)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the concept and function of GIS and compares the use of GIS in libraries with library map collections. Reviews GIS projects in libraries and examines GIS user services and the challenge they pose. Discusses user access to GIS and argues that simplified and varied user interfaces are important to improve user access
- Date
- 17. 1.1999 13:50:22
- Footnote
- Part of an issue devoted to electronic resources and their use in libraries, from the viewpoint of reference services, with an emphasis on the Internet and Geographic Information Systems
-
Wijnhoven, F.; Brinkhuis, M.: Internet information triangulation : design theory and prototype evaluation (2015)
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- Abstract
- Many discussions exist regarding the credibility of information on the Internet. Similar discussions happen on the interpretation of social scientific research data, for which information triangulation has been proposed as a useful method. In this article, we explore a design theory-consisting of a kernel theory, meta-requirements, and meta-designs-for software and services that triangulate Internet information. The kernel theory identifies 5 triangulation methods based on Churchman's inquiring systems theory and related meta-requirements. These meta-requirements are used to search for existing software and services that contain design features for Internet information triangulation tools. We discuss a prototyping study of the use of an information triangulator among 72 college students and how their use contributes to their opinion formation. From these findings, we conclude that triangulation tools can contribute to opinion formation by information consumers, especially when the tool is not a mere fact checker but includes the search and delivery of alternative views. Finally, we discuss other empirical propositions and design propositions for an agenda for triangulator developers and researchers. In particular, we propose investment in theory triangulation, that is, tools to automatically detect ethically and theoretically alternative information and views.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.4, S.684-701
-
Fourie, I.; Bothma, T.: Information seeking : an overview of web tracking and the criteria for tracking software (2007)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this article is to alert researchers to software for web tracking of information seeking behaviour, and to offer a list of criteria that will make it easier to select software. A selection of research projects based on web tracking as well as the benefits and disadvantages of web tracking are also explored. Design/methodology/approach - An overview of the literature, including clarification of key concepts, a brief overview of studies of web information seeking behaviour based on web tracking, identification of software used, as well as the strengths and short-comings noted for web tracking is used as a background to the identification of criteria for the selection of web tracking software. Findings - Web tracking can offer very valuable information for the development of websites, portals, digital libraries, etc. It, however, needs to be supplemented by qualitative studies, and researchers need to ensure that the tracking software will collect the data required. Research limitations/implications - The criteria is not applied to any software in particular. Practical implications - The criteria can be used by researchers working on web usage and web information seeking behaviour to select suitable tracking software. Originality/value - Although there are many reports on the use of web tracking (also reported in this article), nothing could be traced on criteria for the evaluation of web tracking software.
-
Designing information : new roles for librarians (1993)
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- Content
- Proceedings of the 1992 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Graduate School of Librar and Information Science
-
Emerging communities: integrating networked information into library services : Proceedings of the Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, 4-6 April 1993 (1994)
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- Imprint
- Illinois : University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
-
Gillman, P.: Assessing customer requirements (1994)
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- Abstract
- Series of articles dealing with assessing user requirements for information services. Looks at the role of the concepts of aggregation and differentiation in identifying user types
- Source
- TIP applications. (T.1); 8(1994) no.3, S.9-12 (T.2); 8(1994) no.4, S.11-13 (T.3)
-
Swah, G.; Marsland, G.: Current trends in the use of the public library information centre (1994)
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- Abstract
- Asserts that UK public libraries are now busier than ever and are facing higher public expectations of the services on offer. Explores some of the possible reasons for this. Government initiatives including the Citizen's Charter, as well as fundamental changes in all areas of the education systems, are highlighted as being major contributions to the changes in usage. The introduction of the National Curriculum, the impact of open learning courses and reduced personal and instituional spending power within academic libraries have prompted both teachers and students to turn in increasing numbers to the public reference library. Discusses some of the implications for the management of theses services and outlines some possible strategies for the future
- Source
- Library management. 15(1994) no.6, S.20-22
-
Smith, C.L.; Matteson, M.L.: Information literacy in the age of machines that learn : desiderata for machines that teach (2018)
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- Abstract
- With the use of machine learning and other advances, modern information search systems make it easy for searchers to access information to meet their most frequent information needs. Building from Kuhlthau's concepts of exploration and differentiating, this article argues that along with the benefits of greater accessibility, these advances impede the development of information literacy, conceptualized as processes for planning, accessing, judging and communicating information. It is argued that information literacy emerges during interaction with search systems and modern system designs hide or render unworkable the contextual information needed for the judgment processes of information literacy. In response to these concerns, the article contributes desiderata for new designs that facilitate the discovery, navigation and use of context information.
- Date
- 16. 3.2019 14:33:22
-
Halverson, A.L.: ¬The two instructional faces of the Web : information resource and publishing tool (1997)
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- Abstract
- The WWW represents the final step in the evolution of the Internet and is a tool with many practical applications for library training. 2 such WWW applications are discussed in light of projects undertaken in the Helen Topping Architecture and Fine Arts Library at Southern California University. The WWW may be used as a resource in the library as a source of content which must be taught and should be presented to users along with the same information literacy skills which must accompany any resource. The WWW may be used as a publishing tool where the content is created according to the particular instructional need or situation. This usage involves the technology of the WWW rather than its content
-
Smet, E. de: Evaluation of a computerised community information system through transaction analysis and user survey (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the results of a transaction analysis and user survey, evaluating a pilot system for computerized community information in a public library, based on the GDIS system (Gemeenschaps Informatie Documentair System). The non hierarchical and global approach to the integrated database proved to be useful for novice users. Out of many parameters only frequency of use correlates with retrieval success. The online questionnaire proved to be worthwhile although restricted in scope. The logbook transaction analysis yielded a rich amount of useful management information for the systems managers. The user survey yielded a rich set of data on which to perform statistical analyses according to social science practice, from which some interesting relations could be detected
- Date
- 23.10.1995 19:22:11
-
Rose, P.M.; Stoklosa, K.; Gray, S.A.: ¬A focus group approach to assessing technostress at the reference desk (1998)
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- Abstract
- As in many academic libraries, reference desk service at the Health Sciences Library (SUNY UB) involves an increasing number and complexity of computerised systems. As such, expectations of those who staff the reference desk to have technical facility have increased along with expression of anxiety about staffing the desk. To test the assumption that technology is the cause of this anxiety, the investigators conducted a focus group study with segments of the reference desk staff who seemed to experience the most strain. This qualitative study resulted in the identification of technological and other factors that contribute to the anxiety and makes recommendations to resolve such stress
- Date
- 22. 5.1999 18:32:46
-
Koopmans, N.I.: What's your question? : The need for research information from the perspective of different user groups (2002)
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- Abstract
- In this paper results of a field study into the need for research information of different user groups are presented: scientists, policy makers and policy researchers, industry and media. Main questions of semi-structured interviews were: what kind of research information users need, what kind of research information resources are used and which information resources are missing at the moment. User groups are missing for a diversity of reasons the overview of research, experts and institutes in the different scientific fields. Especially for the accessibility and transparency of the scientific world these overviews are reported to be needed. Neither Google nor any of the research institutes or policy research organisations are able to present surveys for different science fields at the moment. Giving users the possibility to search, browse and navigate through accessible and more specialised layers of research information might give answers to different user groups simultaneously.
- Date
- 2. 7.2005 12:22:50
- Source
- Gaining insight from research information (CRIS2002): Proceedings of the 6th International Conference an Current Research Information Systems, University of Kassel, August 29 - 31, 2002. Eds: W. Adamczak u. A. Nase
-
Bertram, J.: Informationen verzweifelt gesucht : Enterprise Search in österreichischen Großunternehmen (2011)
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- Abstract
- Die Arbeit geht dem Status quo der unternehmensweiten Suche in österreichischen Großunternehmen nach und beleuchtet Faktoren, die darauf Einfluss haben. Aus der Analyse des Ist-Zustands wird der Bedarf an Enterprise-Search-Software abgeleitet und es werden Rahmenbedingungen für deren erfolgreiche Einführung skizziert. Die Untersuchung stützt sich auf eine im Jahr 2009 durchgeführte Onlinebefragung von 469 österreichischen Großunternehmen (Rücklauf 22 %) und daran anschließende Leitfadeninterviews mit zwölf Teilnehmern der Onlinebefragung. Der theoretische Teil verortet die Arbeit im Kontext des Informations- und Wissensmanagements. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Ansatz der Enterprise Search, ihrer Abgrenzung gegenüber der Suche im Internet und ihrem Leistungsspektrum. Im empirischen Teil wird zunächst aufgezeigt, wie die Unternehmen ihre Informationen organisieren und welche Probleme dabei auftreten. Es folgt eine Analyse des Status quo der Informati-onssuche im Unternehmen. Abschließend werden Bekanntheit und Einsatz von Enterprise-Search-Software in der Zielgruppe untersucht sowie für die Einführung dieser Software nötige Rahmenbedingungen benannt. Defizite machen die Befragten insbesondere im Hinblick auf die übergreifende Suche im Unternehmen und die Suche nach Kompetenzträgern aus. Hier werden Lücken im Wissensmanagement offenbar. 29 % der Respondenten der Onlinebefragung geben zu-dem an, dass es in ihren Unternehmen gelegentlich bis häufig zu Fehlentscheidungen infolge defizitärer Informationslagen kommt. Enterprise-Search-Software kommt in 17 % der Unternehmen, die sich an der Onlinebefragung beteiligten, zum Einsatz. Die durch Enterprise-Search-Software bewirkten Veränderungen werden grundsätzlich posi-tiv beurteilt. Alles in allem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass Enterprise-Search-Strategien nur Erfolg haben können, wenn man sie in umfassende Maßnahmen des Informations- und Wissensmanagements einbettet.
- Date
- 22. 1.2016 20:40:31
-
New technologies and new directions : Proceedings from the Symposium on Scholarly Communication, University of Iowa, Nov. 14-16, 1991 (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Library software review 12(1993) no.4, S.56 (G. Curtis)
-
Main, A.; Weckert, J.: In defence of simple expert systems : a case study with some observations (1993)
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- Abstract
- Expert systems have promised much more than they have delivered. Although expert systems in libraries have been discussed extensively, there are few working systems. Development rarely progresses beyond the prototype. Presents a case study of the construction of a simple expert system at Banktown City library's community information service involving a narrow, precise domain. Observes the working of the system. The benefits of simple expert systems are that they are useful to knowledgeable users, they may be used for training and can give guided and structured information in a way that books and pamphlets do not
