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Treglown, M.: HIBROWSE for bibliographic databases : a study of the application of usability techniques in view-based searching (1997)
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- Abstract
- View based searching and multi view searching using HIBROWSE proposes a new paradigm for information retrieval from bibliographic databases and database management systems. The paradigm replaces command line and form based interaction with query specification and interaction which requires the user to identify views relating to query facets of the subject of their query. Attempted to apply techniques from human-computer interaction design in the development, construction and usability evaluation of a view based searching system for a very large bibliographic database. As the development of the HIBROWSE system had been in progress before usability became a major concern, as well as the class of system being developed, greater progress towards improved usability was made by adopting a less structured development life-cycle. Examined the usefulness of a number of usability evaluation methods in the context of trying to determine the usability of designs in interactive information retrieval systems. Measurement of the subjective usability of prototypes reinforced the finding of users' difficulties in forming a useful account of the system behaviour and functionality from the training material provided, highlighted some aspects of the system that could be improved, and the greater usability of the HIBROWSE prototypes over an extant commercial bibliographic database system
-
Multilingual information management : current levels and future abilities. A report Commissioned by the US National Science Foundation and also delivered to the European Commission's Language Engineering Office and the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, April 1999 (1999)
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- Abstract
- Over the past 50 years, a variety of language-related capabilities has been developed in machine translation, information retrieval, speech recognition, text summarization, and so on. These applications rest upon a set of core techniques such as language modeling, information extraction, parsing, generation, and multimedia planning and integration; and they involve methods using statistics, rules, grammars, lexicons, ontologies, training techniques, and so on. It is a puzzling fact that although all of this work deals with language in some form or other, the major applications have each developed a separate research field. For example, there is no reason why speech recognition techniques involving n-grams and hidden Markov models could not have been used in machine translation 15 years earlier than they were, or why some of the lexical and semantic insights from the subarea called Computational Linguistics are still not used in information retrieval.
This picture will rapidly change. The twin challenges of massive information overload via the web and ubiquitous computers present us with an unavoidable task: developing techniques to handle multilingual and multi-modal information robustly and efficiently, with as high quality performance as possible. The most effective way for us to address such a mammoth task, and to ensure that our various techniques and applications fit together, is to start talking across the artificial research boundaries. Extending the current technologies will require integrating the various capabilities into multi-functional and multi-lingual natural language systems. However, at this time there is no clear vision of how these technologies could or should be assembled into a coherent framework. What would be involved in connecting a speech recognition system to an information retrieval engine, and then using machine translation and summarization software to process the retrieved text? How can traditional parsing and generation be enhanced with statistical techniques? What would be the effect of carefully crafted lexicons on traditional information retrieval? At which points should machine translation be interleaved within information retrieval systems to enable multilingual processing?
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Robertson, A.M.; Willett, P.: Use of genetic algorithms in information retrieval (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reviews the basic techniques involving genetic algorithms and their application to 2 problems in information retrieval: the generation of equifrequent groups of index terms; and the identification of optimal query and term weights. The algorithm developed for the generation of equifrequent groupings proved to be effective in operation, achieving results comparable with those obtained using a good deterministic algorithm. The algorithm developed for the identification of optimal query and term weighting involves fitness function that is based on full relevance information
-
Pejtersen, A.M.: Interfaces based on associative semantics for browsing in information retrieval (1990)
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- Abstract
- Explores the extent to which techniques of word association can be applied to the development of interfaces for data browsing and searching for which the present methods are either not adequate or completely ineffective. Focuses on the development, application and evaluation of aids for browsing associative semantics displayed textually in interfaces as a network of related terms, or displayed visually as a network of terms and pictures
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Ramsden, A.; Wu, Z.; Zhao, D.G.: ¬The pilot phase of the ELINOR Electronic Library Project, March 1992-April 1994 (1994)
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- Abstract
- Describes the ELINOR (Electronic Library INformation Online Retrieval) Electronic Library Project, at De Montfort University, UK, which aims to convert library primary materials and course documents to electronic form and to make the full text documents accessible to teaching staff and students in an electronic workstation environment. This pilot phase of the ELINOR Electronic Library Project demonstrated the feasibility of collecting electronic documents for 1 undergraduate course, BA/BSc Business Information Systems (BIS), and the benefits of optical character recognition (OCR) and scanning and document image processing (DIP) techniques in a client server environment. A key feature of the project was the negotiation of short term licences from 11 publishers for 53 textbooks. Publishers were prepared to participate in the project to provide useful early experience in copyright management on small scale
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Robertson, A.M.; Willett, P.: Identification of word-variants in historical text databases : report for the period October 1990 to September 1992 (1994)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Databases of historical texts are increasingly becoming available for end user searching via online or CD-ROM databases. Many of the words in these databases are spelt differently from today with resultant loss of retrieval. The project evaluated a range of techniques that can suggest historical variants of modern language query words, the work deriving from earlier work on spelling correction
- Footnote
- Auch ein Beitrag zu den Problemen des Freitext-Retrieval
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Sykes, J.: Making solid business decisions through intelligent indexing taxonomies : a white paper prepared for Factiva, Factiva, a Dow Jones and Reuters Company (2003)
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- Abstract
- In 2000, Factiva published "The Value of Indexing," a white paper emphasizing the strategic importance of accurate categorization, based on a robust taxonomy for later retrieval of documents stored in commercial or in-house content repositories. Since that time, there has been resounding agreement between persons who use Web-based systems and those who design these systems that search engines alone are not the answer for effective information retrieval. High-quality categorization is crucial if users are to be able to find the right answers in repositories of articles and documents that are expanding at phenomenal rates. Companies continue to invest in technologies that will help them organize and integrate their content. A March 2002 article in EContent suggests a typical taxonomy implementation usually costs around $100,000. The article also cites a Merrill Lynch study that predicts the market for search and categorization products, now at about $600 million, will more than double by 2005. Classification activities are not new. In the third century B.C., Callimachus of Cyrene managed the ancient Library of Alexandria. To help scholars find items in the collection, he created an index of all the scrolls organized according to a subject taxonomy. Factiva's parent companies, Dow Jones and Reuters, each have more than 20 years of experience with developing taxonomies and painstaking manual categorization processes and also have a solid history with automated categorization techniques. This experience and expertise put Factiva at the leading edge of developing and applying categorization technology today. This paper will update readers about enhancements made to the Factiva Intelligent IndexingT taxonomy. It examines the value these enhancements bring to Factiva's news and business information service, and the value brought to clients who license the Factiva taxonomy as a fundamental component of their own Enterprise Knowledge Architecture. There is a behind-the-scenes-look at how Factiva classifies a huge stream of incoming articles published in a variety of formats and languages. The paper concludes with an overview of new Factiva services and solutions that are designed specifically to help clients improve productivity and make solid business decisions by precisely finding information in their own everexpanding content repositories.
-
Fuhr, N.: Hypertext und Information-Retrieval (1990)
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Belkin, N.J.; Vickery, A.: Interaction in information systems : a review of research from document retrieval to knowledge-based systems (1985)
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- Series
- Library and information science report; 35
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Booth, A.: Qualitative evaluation of information technology in communication systems (1988)
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- Abstract
- Reports the results of a preliminary investigation of techniques of evaluation applied to information technology based communication systems such as: electronic mail; facsimile transmission (fax); voice mail; and teleconferencing. The aim of the study was to develop a methodology for the consistent and systematic evaluation of such systems using qualitative factors as the basis for the evaluation framework. Concludes that: there is no reported framework within the literature surveyed that deals adequately with the evaluation of information technolgy based communications systems; it is possible the generate evaluation methodologies that can be used consistently and systematically in decision making about information technology based communication systems; and substantial further work is rrequired to validate and develop the recommended methodologies
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Ford, N.: Developing an automated extensible reference service (1997)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a project to develop guidelines, based on the development of a prototype system in the field of medicine, for producing computerized reference services capable of increasing the range and quality of responses to information needs. For instance, an automatic system that can be available 24 hours a day simultaneously to multiple enquirers over an intranet or the Internet. Genuine information requests from a variety of medical information settings were collected and analyzed to form a typology of needs, focusing particularly on qualitative aspects. The typology was mapped on to computerized techniques to form a system specification and developed into a prototype WWW system
-
Studer, R.; Studer, H.-P.; Studer, A.: Semantisches Knowledge Retrieval (2001)
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- Abstract
- Dieses Whitepaper befasst sich mit der Integration semantischer Technologien in bestehende Ansätze des Information Retrieval und die damit verbundenen weitreichenden Auswirkungen auf Effizienz und Effektivität von Suche und Navigation in Dokumenten. Nach einer Einbettung in die Problematik des Wissensmanagement aus Sicht der Informationstechnik folgt ein Überblick zu den Methoden des Information Retrieval. Anschließend werden die semantischen Technologien "Wissen modellieren - Ontologie" und "Neues Wissen ableiten - Inferenz" vorgestellt. Ein Integrationsansatz wird im Folgenden diskutiert und die entstehenden Mehrwerte präsentiert. Insbesondere ergeben sich Erweiterungen hinsichtlich einer verfeinerten Suchunterstützung und einer kontextbezogenen Navigation sowie die Möglichkeiten der Auswertung von regelbasierten Zusammenhängen und einfache Integration von strukturierten Informationsquellen. Das Whitepaper schließt mit einem Ausblick auf die zukünftige Entwicklung des WWW hin zu einem Semantic Web und die damit verbundenen Implikationen für semantische Technologien.
- Content
- Inhalt: 1. Einführung - 2. Wissensmanagement - 3. Information Retrieval - 3.1. Methoden und Techniken - 3.2. Information Retrieval in der Anwendung - 4. Semantische Ansätze - 4.1. Wissen modellieren - Ontologie - 4.2. Neues Wissen inferieren - 5. Knowledge Retrieval in der Anwendung - 6. Zukunftsaussichten - 7. Fazit
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Rudolph, S.; Hemmje, M.: Visualisierung von Thesauri zur interaktiven Unterstüzung von visuellen Anfragen an Textdatenbanken (1994)
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- Abstract
- In der folgenden Studie wird eine Komponente für eine visuelle Benutzerschnittstelle zu Textdatenbanken entworfen. Mit Hilfe einer Terminologievisualisierung wird dem Benutzer eine Hilfestellung bei der Relevanzbewertung von Dokumenten und bei der Erweiterung seiner visuellen Anfrage an das Retrieval-System gegeben. Dazu werden zuerst die grundlegenden Information-Retrieval-Modelle eingehender vorgestellt, d.h., generelle Retrieval-Modelle, Retrievaloperationen und spezielle Retrieval-Modelle wie Text-Retrieval werden erläutert. Die Funktionalität eines Text-Retrieval-Systems wird vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden bereits existierende Implementierungen visueller Information-Retrieval-Benutzerschnittstellen vorgestellt. Im weiteren Verlauf der Arbeit werden mögliche Visualisierungen der mit Hilfe eines Text-Retrieval-Systems gefundenen Dokumente aufgezeigt. Es werden mehrere Vorschläge zur Visualisierung von Thesauri diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, wie neuronale Netze zur Kartierung eines Eingabebereiches benutzt werden können. Klassifikationsebenen einer objekt-orientierten Annäherung eines Information-Retrieval-Systems werden vorgestellt. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch die Eigenschaften von Thesauri sowie die Architektur und Funktion eines Parsersystems erläutert. Mit diesen Voraussetzung wird die Implementierung einer visuellen Terminologierunterstützung realisiert. Abschließend wird ein Fazit zur vorgestellten Realisierung basierend auf einem Drei-Schichten-Modell von [Agosti et al. 1990] gezogen.
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Schardt-Sahelijo, L.P.; Pastowsky, M.: ¬Der iARD-Marktreport : optoelektronische Systeme für Imageverarbeitung, Archivierung, Information Retrieval, Dokumenten-Management (1994)
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-
ELINOR : Electronic Library Project (1998)
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- Abstract
- Describes the final phase of the work on the ELINOR (Electronic Library INformation Online Retrieval) project at De Montfort University, Leicester, which concluded in 1996. ELINOR was 2 phase project with 3 overall goals: to create a practical pilot system based on a commercial product (Excalibur EFS); to investigate the expansion of a small scale electronic library to a larger, distributed library system; and to develop a more efficient and effective means of accessing and sharing resources within a networked multi campus institution. ELINOR was successful in demonstrating that libraries may conveniently digitize and supply smal collections of high demand materials over a campus network in text anf TIFF format. Operational conditions have so far indicated that the barriers are not technological but involve copyright, use issues and sustainability
- Series
- British Library Research and Innovation Centre (BLRIC) report; 22
-
McCormick, A.; Sutton, A.: Open learning and the Internet in public libraries (1998)
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- Abstract
- Presents the findings of the South Ayrshire Libraries OPen Learning and the Internet project, Sep 1997 to Oct 1998. The objective was to demonstrate how open learning materials available on the Internet could be integrated with the provision of local open learning resources to provide an enhanced learning environment in public libraries. The main areas of concentration within the project were information skills support to public library users and the provision of WWW based independent materials to learners. The organisation and retrieval of Web based resources for local use was a major issue throughout the project. Recommends the adoption of Dublin Core metadata standards, the connection of databases of resources with searchable wen pages, and the development of thesauri of terms used to index the Web based resources locally. Sstaff training, and the new skills which will need to be developed, were identified as issues. Cost was also identified as a related issue, extending to issues such as access to open learning material and the Internet
- Date
- 22. 5.1999 18:55:19
-
Efthimiadis, E.N.: Approaches to search formulation and query expansion in information systems : DRS, DBMS, ES (1992)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the ways in which systems and/or users formulate and reformulate searches in documents retrieval systems (DRS), database management systems (DBMS) and expert systems (ES). Concludes that query formulation and reformulation has been neglected in these fields
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Siemer, J.A.: ¬An information retrieval expert system prototype for agricultural literature reference database-description and evaluation (1994)
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-
Siemer, J.A.: ¬A conceptual model for an information retrieval expert system prototype for agricultural bibliographic literature databases (1994)
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Siemer, J.A.: ¬A functional model for an information retrieval expert system for agricultural literature reference databases (1994)
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