Koch, C.: Consciousness : confessions of a romantic reductionist (2012)
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- Content
- In which I introduce the ancient mind-body problem, explain why I am on a quest to use reason and empirical inquiry to solve it, acquaint you with Francis Crick, explain how he relates to this quest, make a confession, and end on a sad note -- In which I write about the wellsprings of my inner conflict between religion and reason, why I grew up wanting to be a scientist, why I wear a lapel pin of Professor Calculus, and how I acquired a second mentor late in life -- In which I explain why consciousness challenges the scientific view of the world, how consciousness can be investigated empirically with both feet firmly planted on the ground, why animals share consciousness with humans, and why self-consciousness is not as important as many people think it is -- In which you hear tales of scientist-magicians that make you look but not see, how they track the footprints of consciousness by peering into your skull, why you don't see with your eyes, and why attention and consciousness are not the same -- In which you learn from neurologists and neurosurgeons that some neurons care a great deal about celebrities, that cutting the cerebral cortex in two does not reduce consciousness by half, that color is leached from the world by the loss of a small cortical region, and that the destruction of a sugar cube-sized chunk of brain stem or thalamic tissue leaves you undead -- In which I defend two propositions that my younger self found nonsense--you are unaware of most of the things that go on in your head, and zombie agents control much of your life, even though you confidently believe that you are in charge -- In which I throw caution to the wind, bring up free will, Der ring des Nibelungen, and what physics says about determinism, explain the impoverished ability of your mind to choose, show that your will lags behind your brain's decision, and that freedom is just another word for feeling -- In which I argue that consciousness is a fundamental property of complex things, rhapsodize about integrated information theory, how it explains many puzzling facts about consciousness and provides a blueprint for building sentient machines -- In which I outline an electromagnetic gadget to measure consciousness, describe efforts to harness the power of genetic engineering to track consciousness in mice, and find myself building cortical observatories -- In which I muse about final matters considered off-limits to polite scientific discourse: to wit, the relationship between science and religion, the existence of God, whether this God can intervene in the universe, the death of my mentor, and my recent tribulations.
- Footnote
- Rez. in: The New York Review of Books, 10.01.2013 ( J. Searle): "The problem of consciousness remains with us. What exactly is it and why is it still with us? The single most important question is: How exactly do neurobiological processes in the brain cause human and animal consciousness? Related problems are: How exactly is consciousness realized in the brain? That is, where is it and how does it exist in the brain? Also, how does it function causally in our behavior? To answer these questions we have to ask: What is it? Without attempting an elaborate definition, we can say the central feature of consciousness is that for any conscious state there is something that it feels like to be in that state, some qualitative character to the state. For example, the qualitative character of drinking beer is different from that of listening to music or thinking about your income tax. This qualitative character is subjective in that it only exists as experienced by a human or animal subject. It has a subjective or first-person existence (or "ontology"), unlike mountains, molecules, and tectonic plates that have an objective or third-person existence. Furthermore, qualitative subjectivity always comes to us as part of a unified conscious field. At any moment you do not just experience the sound of the music and the taste of the beer, but you have both as part of a single, unified conscious field, a subjective awareness of the total conscious experience. So the feature we are trying to explain is qualitative, unified subjectivity.
- RSWK
- Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Leib-Seele-Problem / Neurowissenschaftler / Erlebnisbericht 1990-2010
Koch, Christof / Autobiographie 1990-2010
Koch, Christof *1956-* / Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Leib-Seele-Problem / Neurowissenschaften / Autobiographie
- Subject
- Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Leib-Seele-Problem / Neurowissenschaftler / Erlebnisbericht 1990-2010
Koch, Christof / Autobiographie 1990-2010
Koch, Christof *1956-* / Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Leib-Seele-Problem / Neurowissenschaften / Autobiographie
Libet, B.: Mind Time : Wie das Gehirn Bewusstsein produziert (2005)
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- Abstract
- Fast nichts ist uns Menschen so wichtig wie unser subjektives, bewusstes Innenleben - und doch wissen wir relativ wenig über seine Genese. Benjamin Libet gehört zu den Pionieren auf dem Gebiet der Bewusstseinsforschung und hat zahlreiche Experimente durchgeführt, die gezeigt haben, wie das Gehirn Bewusstsein produziert. In seinem 2004 erschienenen und jetzt auf Deutsch vorliegenden Buch Mind Time präsentiert er erstmals eine eigene Deutung seiner berühmten »Libet-Experimente«, die die aktuelle Debatte über die Bedeutung der Hirnforschung für unser Menschenbild überhaupt erst angestoßen haben. Im Zentrum der Experimente steht der Nachweis, dass jedem bewussten Prozess ein unbewusster, jedoch messbarer Prozess zeitlich vorausgeht. Diese zeitliche Differenz - die »Mind Time« - lässt den Schluss zu, dass unbewusste Prozesse in unserem Gehirn unser Bewusstsein steuern, und nicht umgekehrt das Bewusstsein »Herr im Haus« ist. Die vermeintlich freien Willensakte etwa sind längst initiiert, bevor uns ein Handlungswunsch überhaupt gegenwärtig ist. Libet behandelt die weitreichenden Folgen seiner Entdeckung nicht nur für die Willensfreiheit, sondern auch für die Identität der Person und die Beziehung zwischen Geist und Gehirn. Klar und verständlich dargestellt, ermöglichen Libets Experimente und Theorien es sowohl Spezialisten als auch interessierten Laien, an einem der spannendsten Forschungsprogramme dieser Tage teilzuhaben - der Erforschung des menschlichen Bewusstseins.
- Content
- Enthält die Kapitel: 1. Einführung in das Problem 2. Die zeitliche Verzögerung unseres sensorischen Bewusstseins 3. Unbewusste und bewusste geistige Funktionen 4. Handlungsabsicht: Haben wir einen freien Willen? 5. Die Theorie des bewussten mentalen Feldes: Wie aus dem Körper Geist entsteht 6. Was bedeutet das alles?
- RSWK
- Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Hirnfunktion
Willensfreiheit / Neurophysiologie (BVB)
- Subject
- Bewusstsein / Willensfreiheit / Hirnfunktion
Willensfreiheit / Neurophysiologie (BVB)
