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Mostafa, J.: Bessere Suchmaschinen für das Web (2006)
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- Content
- An der Wurzel des Indexbaums Im ersten Schritt werden potenziell interessante Inhalte identifiziert und fortlaufend gesammelt. Spezielle Programme vom Typ so genannter Webtrawler können im Internet publizierte Seiten ausfindig machen, durchsuchen (inklusive darauf befindlicher Links) und die Seiten an einem Ort gesammelt speichern. Im zweiten Schritt erfasst das System die relevanten Wörter auf diesen Seiten und bestimmt mit statistischen Methoden deren Wichtigkeit. Drittens wird aus den relevanten Begriffen eine hocheffiziente baumartige Datenstruktur erzeugt, die diese Begriffe bestimmten Webseiten zuordnet. Gibt ein Nutzer eine Anfrage ein, wird nur der gesamte Baum - auch Index genannt - durchsucht und nicht jede einzelne Webseite. Die Suche beginnt an der Wurzel des Indexbaums, und bei jedem Suchschritt wird eine Verzweigung des Baums (die jeweils viele Begriffe und zugehörige Webseiten beinhaltet) entweder weiter verfolgt oder als irrelevant verworfen. Dies verkürzt die Suchzeiten dramatisch. Um die relevanten Fundstellen (oder Links) an den Anfang der Ergebnisliste zu stellen, greift der Suchalgorithmus auf verschiedene Sortierstrategien zurück. Eine verbreitete Methode - die Begriffshäufigkeit - untersucht das Vorkommen der Wörter und errechnet daraus numerische Gewichte, welche die Bedeutung der Wörter in den einzelnen Dokumenten repräsentieren. Häufige Wörter (wie »oder«, »zu«, »mit«), die in vielen Dokumenten auftauchen, erhalten deutlich niedrigere Gewichte als Wörter, die eine höhere semantische Relevanz aufweisen und nur in vergleichsweise wenigen Dokumenten zu finden sind. Webseiten können aber auch nach anderen Strategien indiziert werden. Die Linkanalyse beispielsweise untersucht Webseiten nach dem Kriterium, mit welchen anderen Seiten sie verknüpft sind. Dabei wird analysiert, wie viele Links auf eine Seite verweisen und von dieser Seite selbst ausgehen. Google etwa verwendet zur Optimierung der Suchresultate diese Linkanalyse. Sechs Jahre benötigte Google, um sich als führende Suchmaschine zu etablieren. Zum Erfolg trugen vor allem zwei Vorzüge gegenüber der Konkurrenz bei: Zum einen kann Google extrem große Weberawling-Operationen durchführen. Zum anderen liefern seine Indizierungsund Gewichtungsmethoden überragende Ergebnisse. In letzter Zeit jedoch haben andere Suchmaschinen-Entwickler einige neue, ähnlich leistungsfähige oder gar punktuell bessere Systeme entwickelt.
- Date
- 22. 1.2006 18:34:49
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Sugimoto, C.R.; Mostafa, J.: ¬A note of concern and context : on careful use of terminologies (2018)
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Mostafa, J.; Hall, D.M.: ¬A proposed quantitative methodology to characterize the corporate library universe : the role of personal research interests (2018)
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Heffron, J.K.; Dillon, A.; Mostafa, J.: Landmarks in the World Wide Web : a preliminary study (1996)
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Mostafa, J.: Digital image representation and access (1994)
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Lam, W.; Mostafa, J.: Modeling user interest shift using a Baysian approach (2001)
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Mostafa, J.; Dillon, A.: Design and evaluation of a user interface supporting multiple image query models (1996)
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Mostafa, J.; Quiroga, L.M.; Palakal, M.: Filtering medical documents using automated and human classification methods (1998)
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Mukhopadhyay, S.; Peng, S.; Raje, R.; Palakal, M.; Mostafa, J.: Multi-agent information classification using dynamic acquaintance lists (2003)
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Mostafa, J.: Document search interface design : background and introduction to special topic section (2004)
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Mukhopadhyay, S.; Peng, S.; Raje, R.; Mostafa, J.; Palakal, M.: Distributed multi-agent information filtering : a comparative study (2005)
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Mongin, L.; Fu, Y.Y.; Mostafa, J.: Open Archives data Service prototype and automated subject indexing using D-Lib archive content as a testbed (2003)
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Quiroga, L.M.; Mostafa, J.: ¬An experiment in building profiles in information filtering : the role of context of user relevance feedback (2002)
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Seki, K.; Mostafa, J.: Gene ontology annotation as text categorization : an empirical study (2008)
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Zhang, Y.; Wu, D.; Hagen, L.; Song, I.-Y.; Mostafa, J.; Oh, S.; Anderson, T.; Shah, C.; Bishop, B.W.; Hopfgartner, F.; Eckert, K.; Federer, L.; Saltz, J.S.: Data science curriculum in the iField (2023)
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Zhang, J.; Mostafa, J.; Tripathy, H.: Information retrieval by semantic analysis and visualization of the concept space of D-Lib® magazine (2002)
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