Search (52 results, page 1 of 3)

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Date

27.12.2014 18:54:22

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Abstract

This annotated bibliography lists materials dealing with information literacy - including instruction in the use of information resources, research, and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the 20th to be published in RSR, includes items in English published in 1993

Source

Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.81-

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Theme

Computer Based Training

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Abstract

GAIS computer science bibliographies search is a WWW service providing a searchable interface on bibliographies related to computer science. It holds about 400.000 references, mirrored from the Informatics for Engineering and Science Department of the University of Karlsruhe, and allows full text searching through the search engine GAIS (Global Area Intelligent Search). Discusses its design and architecture

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Abstract

State of the art review of computerized chemical structure handling and the way in which the need for representation of chemical structures and structure diagrams, by computer software, has created a sub domain of information retrieval that integrates the requirements of research chemists for graph-theoretic algorithms with the database designs of computer science. Identifies and discusses the current research topics and selected portions of the literature, particularly during the period of its most rapid expansion between 1989 and 1996

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Abstract

Discusses the human-computer interface for information retrieval and notes that research on human-computer interface design has generated many widely-accepted principles of interface design which should be of interest and value to designers of information retrieval systems. Work on display features such as highlighting, colour, icons, and windows has received considerable attention. research has also focused on how the user interacts with the system, whether by commands, menus, or direct manipulation. Studies of interfaces for information retrieval systems reveal that online searching has emphasised developments of front ends, with some novel uses of graphics. CD-ROM and optical media are characterised by interface diversity, again with some inclusion of graphic interfaces. Online catalogues and full text data bases have provided interesting comparisons of mode of interaction

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Abstract

State of the art review of the concepts of information ethics, computer ethics, and cyberethics by explaining the emergence of applied information ethics through channels of professional practice and scholarly communication. Surveys the beginning of information ethics from 1988 through 1996

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Abstract

"Theory weary, theory leery, why can't I be theory cheery?" (Erickson, 2002, p. 269). The field of human-computer interaction (HCI) is rapidly expanding. Alongside the extensive technological developments that are taking place, a profusion of new theories, methods, and concerns has been imported into the field from a range of disciplines and contexts. An extensive critique of recent theoretical developments is presented here together with an overview of HCI practice. A consequence of bringing new theories into the field has been much insightful explication of HCI phenomena and also a broadening of the field's discourse. However, these theoretically based approaches have had limited impact an the practice of interaction design. This chapter discusses why this is so and suggests that different kinds of mechanisms are needed that will enable both designers and researchers to better articulate and theoretically ground the challenges facing them today. Human-computer interaction is bursting at the seams. Its mission, goals, and methods, well established in the '80s, have all greatly expanded to the point that "HCI is now effectively a boundless domain" (Barnard, May, Duke, & Duce, 2000, p. 221). Everything is in a state of flux: The theory driving research is changing, a flurry of new concepts is emerging, the domains and type of users being studied are diversifying, many of the ways of doing design are new, and much of what is being designed is significantly different. Although potentially much is to be gained from such rapid growth, the downside is an increasing lack of direction, structure, and coherence in the field. What was originally a bounded problem space with a clear focus and a small set of methods for designing computer systems that were easier and more efficient to use by a single user is now turning into a diffuse problem space with less clarity in terms of its objects of study, design foci, and investigative methods. Instead, aspirations of overcoming the Digital Divide, by providing universal accessibility, have become major concerns (e.g., Shneiderman, 2002a). The move toward greater openness in the field means that many more topics, areas, and approaches are now considered acceptable in the worlds of research and practice.
A problem with allowing a field to expand eclectically is that it can easily lose coherence. No one really knows what its purpose is anymore or what criteria to use in assessing its contribution and value to both knowledge and practice. For example, among the many new approaches, ideas, methods, and goals now being proposed, how do we know which are acceptable, reliable, useful, and generalizable? Moreover, how do researchers and designers know which of the many tools and techniques to use when doing design and research? To be able to address these concerns, a young field in a state of flux (as is HCI) needs to take stock and begin to reflect an the changes that are happening. The purpose of this chapter is to assess and reflect an the role of theory in contemporary HCI and the extent to which it is used in design practice. Over the last ten years, a range of new theories has been imported into the field. A key question is whether such attempts have been productive in terms of "knowledge transfer." Here knowledge transfer means the translation of research findings (e.g., theory, empirical results, descriptive accounts, cognitive models) from one discipline (e.g., cognitive psychology, sociology) into another (e.g., human-computer interaction, computer supported cooperative work).

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Abstract

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is an area of research and application that explores how computers can be used to understand and manipulate natural language text or speech to do useful things. NLP researchers aim to gather knowledge an how human beings understand and use language so that appropriate tools and techniques can be developed to make computer systems understand and manipulate natural languages to perform desired tasks. The foundations of NLP lie in a number of disciplines, namely, computer and information sciences, linguistics, mathematics, electrical and electronic engineering, artificial intelligence and robotics, and psychology. Applications of NLP include a number of fields of study, such as machine translation, natural language text processing and summarization, user interfaces, multilingual and cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), speech recognition, artificial intelligence, and expert systems. One important application area that is relatively new and has not been covered in previous ARIST chapters an NLP relates to the proliferation of the World Wide Web and digital libraries.

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Abstract

Imagine a world where you walk up to a computer and sing the song fragment that has been plaguing you since breakfast. The computer accepts your off-key singing, corrects your request, and promptly suggests to you that "Camptown Races" is the cause of your irritation. You confirm the computer's suggestion by listening to one of the many MP3 files it has found. Satisfied, you kindly decline the offer to retrieve all extant versions of the song, including a recently released Italian rap rendition and an orchestral score featuring a bagpipe duet. Does such a system exist today? No. Will it in the future? Yes. Will such a system be easy to produce? Most decidedly not. Myriad difficulties remain to be overcome before the creation, deployment, and evaluation of robust, large-scale, and content-based Music Information Retrieval (MIR) systems become reality. The dizzyingly complex interaction of music's pitch, temporal, harmonic, timbral, editorial, textual, and bibliographic "facets," for example, demonstrates just one of MIR's perplexing problems. The choice of music representation-whether symbol-based, audio-based, or both-further compounds matters, as each choice determines bandwidth, computation, storage, retrieval, and interface requirements and capabilities.

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Abstract

State of the art review of UK developments in indexing and abstracting druing the period 1986-1990 covering: bibliographies of indexing and abstracting; British standards (including the revised British Standard on indexing, BS 3700); Wheatley Medal and Carey Award; a list of indexes published during this period; the role of the computer and automatic indexing; hypermedia; PRECIS; POPSI, relational indexing; thesauri; education and training; the indexing process, newspaper indexing; fiction indexes; the indexing profession; and a review of abstracting and indexing services

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Abstract

This is a suggested reference and reading list, whose purpose is to provide librarians with a bibliography of basic sources for understanding how scholars in the humanities use electronic texts and computer-based methods of analysis, for identifying and locating electronic texts and related resources, and for addressing some of the issues involved in the production, distribution and use of electronic texts

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Abstract

This annotated bibliography lists materials dealing with information literacy including instruction in the use of information resources and research and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the 21st to be published in RSR, includes items in English published in 1994. A few are not annotated because the compiler could not obtain copies of them for this review

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Abstract

This annotaed bibliography lists materials dealing with information literacy including instruction in the use of information resources, research, and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the 21nd to be published in RSR, includes items in English published in 1995. After 21 years, the title of this literature has been changed from 'Library orientation and instruction' to 'Library instruction and information literacy' to indicate the growing trend of moving to information skills instruction. A few items are not annotated because the compiler could not obtain copies of them for this review

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Theme

Computer Based Training

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Date

22. 1.2012 13:01:26

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Date

13. 7.2008 9:30:22