-
Schneider, R.: OPACs, Benutzer und das Web (2009)
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- Abstract
- Der Artikel betrachtet anhand einer Studie zum Benutzerverhalten bei der Online-Katalogrecherche den gegenwärtigen Stellenwert und das zukünftige Potential der Web-OPACs. Dabei werden zunächst die Ergebnisse einer quantitativen Logfile-Analyse sowie qualitativer Benutzertests erörtert, bevor aktuelle Entwicklungen der Webtechnologie, die unter den Schlagworten Web 2.0 und Web 3.0 propagiert werden, im Zusammenhang mit der Online-Recherche und der Entwicklung neuartiger Suchverfahren kurz diskutiert werden.
- Date
- 22. 2.2009 18:50:43
-
Yoo, E.-Y.; Robbins, L.S.: Understanding middle-aged women's health information seeking on the web : a theoretical approach (2008)
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- Date
- 9. 2.2008 17:52:22
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Pedersen, J.: ¬A temporal comparison of AItaVista Web searching (2005)
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- Abstract
- Major Web search engines, such as AItaVista, are essential tools in the quest to locate online information. This article reports research that used transaction log analysis to examine the characteristics and changes in AItaVista Web searching that occurred from 1998 to 2002. The research questions we examined are (1) What are the changes in AItaVista Web searching from 1998 to 2002? (2) What are the current characteristics of AItaVista searching, including the duration and frequency of search sessions? (3) What changes in the information needs of AItaVista users occurred between 1998 and 2002? The results of our research show (1) a move toward more interactivity with increases in session and query length, (2) with 70% of session durations at 5 minutes or less, the frequency of interaction is increasing, but it is happening very quickly, and (3) a broadening range of Web searchers' information needs, with the most frequent terms accounting for less than 1% of total term usage. We discuss the implications of these findings for the development of Web search engines.
- Date
- 3. 6.2005 19:29:59
-
Agosto, D.E.: Bounded rationality and satisficing in young people's Web-based decision making (2002)
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- Abstract
- This study investigated Simon's behavioral decisionmaking theories of bounded rationality and satisficing in relation to young people's decision making in the World Wide Web, and considered the role of personal preferences in Web-based decisions. It employed a qualitative research methodology involving group interviews with 22 adolescent females. Data analysis took the form of iterative pattern coding using QSR NUD*IST Vivo qualitative data analysis software. Data analysis revealed that the study participants did operate within the limits of bounded rationality. These limits took the form of time constraints, information overload, and physical constraints. Data analysis also uncovered two major satisficing behaviors-reduction and termination. Personal preference was found to play a major role in Web site evaluation in the areas of graphic/multimedia and subject content preferences. This study has related implications for Web site designers and for adult intermediaries who work with young people and the Web
-
Vaughan, L.; Thelwall, M.: Scholarly use of the Web : what are the key inducers of links to journal Web sites? (2003)
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- Abstract
- Web links have been studied by information scientists for at least six years but it is only in the past two that clear evidence has emerged to show that counts of links to scholarly Web spaces (universities and departments) can correlate significantly with research measures, giving some credence to their use for the investigation of scholarly communication. This paper reports an a study to investigate the factors that influence the creation of links to journal Web sites. An empirical approach is used: collecting data and testing for significant patterns. The specific questions addressed are whether site age and site content are inducers of links to a journal's Web site as measured by the ratio of link counts to Journal Impact Factors, two variables previously discovered to be related. A new methodology for data collection is also introduced that uses the Internet Archive to obtain an earliest known creation date for Web sites. The results show that both site age and site content are significant factors for the disciplines studied: library and information science, and law. Comparisons between the two fields also show disciplinary differences in Web site characteristics. Scholars and publishers should be particularly aware that richer content an a journal's Web site tends to generate links and thus the traffic to the site.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.1, S.29-38
-
Crystal, A.; Greenberg, J.: Relevance criteria identified by health information users during Web searches (2006)
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- Abstract
- This article focuses on the relevance judgments made by health information users who use the Web. Health information users were conceptualized as motivated information users concerned about how an environmental issue affects their health. Users identified their own environmental health interests and conducted a Web search of a particular environmental health Web site. Users were asked to identify (by highlighting with a mouse) the criteria they use to assess relevance in both Web search engine surrogates and full-text Web documents. Content analysis of document criteria highlighted by users identified the criteria these users relied on most often. Key criteria identified included (in order of frequency of appearance) research, topic, scope, data, influence, affiliation, Web characteristics, and authority/ person. A power-law distribution of criteria was observed (a few criteria represented most of the highlighted regions, with a long tail of occasionally used criteria). Implications of this work are that information retrieval (IR) systems should be tailored in terms of users' tendencies to rely on certain document criteria, and that relevance research should combine methods to gather richer, contextualized data. Metadata for IR systems, such as that used in search engine surrogates, could be improved by taking into account actual usage of relevance criteria. Such metadata should be user-centered (based on data from users, as in this study) and contextappropriate (fit to users' situations and tasks).
- Date
- 18. 8.2006 13:29:36
-
Large, A.; Beheshti, J.; Rahman, T.: Design criteria for children's Web portals : the users speak out (2002)
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- Abstract
- Four focus groups were held with young Web users (10 to 13 years of age) to explore design criteria for Web portals. The focus group participants commented upon four existing portals designed with young users in mind: Ask Jeeves for Kids, KidsClick, Lycos Zone, and Yahooligans! This article reports their first impressions on using these portals, their likes and dislikes, and their suggestions for improvements. Design criteria for children's Web portals are elaborated based upon these comments under four headings: portal goals, visual design, information architecture, and personalization. An ideal portal should cater for both educational and entertainment needs, use attractive screen designs based especially on effective use of color, graphics, and animation, provide both keyword search facilities and browsable subject categories, and allow individual user personalization in areas such as color and graphics
- Date
- 2. 6.2005 10:34:22
-
Slone, D.J.: ¬The influence of mental models and goals on search patterns during Web interaction (2002)
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- Abstract
- Thirty-one patrons, who were selected by Slone to provide a range of age and experience, agreed when approached while using the catalog of the Wake County library system to try searching via the Internet. Fifteen searched the Wake County online catalog in this manner and 16 searched the World Wide Web, including that catalog. They were subjected to brief pre-structured taped interviews before and after their searches and observed during the searching process resulting in a log of behaviors, comments, pages accessed, and time spent. Data were analyzed across participants and categories. Web searches were characterized as linking, URL, search engine, within a site domain, and searching a web catalog; and participants by the number of these techniques used. Four used only one, 13 used two, 11 used three, two used four, and one all five. Participant experience was characterized as never used, used search engines, browsing experience, email experience, URL experience, catalog experience, and finally chat room/newsgroup experience. Sixteen percent of the participants had never used the Internet, 71% had used search engines, 65% had browsed, 58% had used email, 39% had used URLs, 39% had used online catalogs, and 32% had used chat rooms. The catalog was normally consulted before the web, where both were used, and experience with an online catalog assists in web use. Scrolling was found to be unpopular and practiced halfheartedly.
- Date
- 21. 7.2006 11:26:29
-
Aula, A.; Nordhausen, K.: Modeling successful performance in Web searching (2006)
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- Abstract
- Several previous studies have measured differences in the information search success of novices and experts. However, the definitions of novices and experts have varied greatly between the studies, and so have the measures used for search success. Instead of dividing the searchers into different groups based on their expertise, we chose to model search success with task completion speed, TCS. Towards this goal, 22 participants performed three fact-finding tasks and two broader tasks in an observational user study. In our model, there were two variables related to the Web experience of the participants. Other variables included, for example, the speed of query iteration, the length of the queries, the proportion of precise queries, and the speed of evaluating result documents. Our results showed that the variables related to Web experience had expected effects on TCS. The increase in the years of Web use was related to improvement in TCS in the broader tasks, whereas the less frequent Web use was related to a decrease in TCS in the fact-finding tasks. Other variables having significant effects on TCS in either of the task types were the speed of composing queries, the average number of query terms per query, the proportion of precise queries, and the participants' own evaluation of their search skills. In addition to the statistical models, we present several qualitative findings of the participants' search strategies. These results give valuable insight into the successful strategies in Web search beyond the previous knowledge of the expert-novice differences.
-
Kim, J.: Describing and predicting information-seeking behavior on the Web (2009)
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- Abstract
- This study focuses on the task as a fundamental factor in the context of information seeking. The purpose of the study is to characterize kinds of tasks and to examine how different kinds of task give rise to different kinds of information-seeking behavior on the Web. For this, a model for information-seeking behavior was used employing dimensions of information-seeking strategies (ISS), which are based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies was based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to 30 graduate students and data were collected using questionnaires, search logs, and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified 14 distinct information-seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of ISS employed between three tasks. The results of the study are intended to facilitate the development of task-based information-seeking models and to further suggest Web information system designs that support the user's diverse tasks.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:54:15
-
Cooper, M.D.: Usage patterns of a Web-based library catalog (2001)
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- Abstract
- This article reports on a model and patterns of use of a library catalog that can be accessed through the Internet. Three categories of users are identified. individuals who perform a search of the catalog, tourists who look only at opening pages of the library catalog's site, and Web spiders that come to the site to obtain pages for indexing the Web. A number of types of use activities are also identified, and can be grouped with the presearch phase (which takes place before any searching begins): the search phase, the display phase (in which users display the results of their search), and phases in which users make errors, ask the system for help or assistance, and take other actions. An empirical investigation of patterns of use of a university Web-based library catalog was conducted for 479 days. During that period, the characteristics of about 2.5 million sessions were recorded and analyzed, and usage trends were identified. Of the total, 62% of the sessions were for users who performed a search, 27% were from spiders, and 11% were for tourists. During the study period, the average search session lasted about 5 minutes when the study began and had increased to about 10 minutes 16 months later. An average search consisted of about 1.5 presearch actions lasting about 25 seconds, about 5.3 display actions, and 2.5 searches per session. The latter two categories are in the range of 35-37 seconds per session each. There were major differences in usage (number of searches, search time, number of display actions, and display time), depending upon the database accessed
- Date
- 29. 9.2001 13:59:04
-
Bilal, D.: Children's use of the Yahooligans! Web search engine : II. Cognitive and physical behaviors on research tasks (2001)
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- Abstract
- This study reports the results of Part 11 of a research project that investigated the cognitive and physical behaviors of middle school students in using Yahooligans! Seventeen students in the seventh grade searched Yahooligans! to locate relevant information for an assigned research task. Sixty-nine percent partially succeeded, while 31 % failed. Children had difficulty completing the task mainly because they lacked adequate level of research skills and approached the task by seeking specific answers. Children's cognitive and physical behaviors varied by success levels. Similarities and differences in children's cognitive and physical behaviors were found between the research task and the factbased task they performed in the previous study. The present study considers the impact of prior experience in using the Web, domain knowledge, topic knowledge, and reading ability on children's success. It reports the overall patterns of children's behaviors, including searching and browsing moves, backtracking and looping moves, and navigational styles, as well as the time taken to complete the research task. Children expressed their information needs and provided recommendations for improving the interface design of Yahooligans! Implications for formal Web training and system design improvements are discussed
- Date
- 29. 9.2001 13:58:56
-
Large, A.; Beheshti, J.; Moukdad, H.: Information seeking on the Web : navigational skills of grade-six primary school students (1999)
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- Abstract
- Reports on research into the information-seeking habits of primary schoolchildren conducted under operational conditions. Three workstations with Internet access were installed in a grade-six classroom in suburban Montreal. After a short introductory training session for the entire group followed by short individual sessions for each student, 53 students, working in small groups, used these workstations over a six-week period to seek information on the Web of relevance to a class project assigned by their teacher. The project dealt with the Winter Olympic Games (recently completed at that time). The student objective was to locate relevant information for a poster and an oral presentation on one of the sports represented at the Games. All screen activity was directly captured on videotape and group conversations at the workstation were audiotaped. Demographic and computer literacy information was gathered in a questionnaire. This paper presents a map of the information-seeking landscape based upon an analysis of the descriptive statistics gathered from the Web searches. It reveals that the novice users favored browsing over analytic search strategies, although they did show some sophistication in the construction of the latter. Online help was ignored. The children demonstrated a very high level of interactivity with the interface at the expense of thinking, planning and evaluating. This is a preliminary analysis of data which will subsequently be expanded by the inclusion of qualitative data
- Date
- 29. 9.2001 20:35:09
-
Wallace, P.M.: Periodical title searching in online catalogues (1997)
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- Date
- 29. 7.1998 10:57:22
-
Tomney, H.; Burton, P.F.: Electronic journals : a case study of usage and attitudes among academics (1998)
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- Date
- 22. 5.1999 19:07:29
-
Kübler, H.-D.: Aufwachsen mit dem Web : Surfen eher selten: zwei Studien zur Internetnutzung von Kindern (2005)
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- Content
- "Als Generation @ werden Kinder und Jugendliche in der Öffentlichkeit bereits gefeiert, insbesondere Marketing und Werbung schwärmen vom geschickten, unermüdlichen Surfen im WWW, von kinderleichter Handhabung des Equipments, spielerischem Edutainment und spannenden Verlockungen des digitalen Lernens, und zwar schon für die Kleinsten ab dem Kindergartenalter. Mehrheit noch offline Imposant sind auch die quantitativen Daten zur Haushaltsausstattung und PC- beziehungsweise Internetnutzung, vor allem ihre Wachstumsraten, die die Studie von Christine Feil und Co-Autoren referiert und miteinander abgleicht. Susanne Richter (S. 18) hingegen weiß nichts von ihrer Existenz, zumal Angaben aus kommerziellen Kontexten meist zu Obertreibungen neigen. Seriöser sind die Angaben des so genannten Medienpädagogischen Forschungsverbundes Südwest, der seit 1999 die Studie »Kinder und Medien« (»KIM-Studie«) durchführt, 2003 zum vierten Mal. Danach hatten 57 Prozent der bundesdeutschen Haushalte mit 6- bis 13-jährigen Kinder Internet zu Hause (Feil S. 15),42 Prozent der 6-bis 13-Jährigen besuchen hin und wieder das Internet, nur etwa gut zwölf Prozent sind täglich oder mehrmals in der Woche nach Schätzungen durchschnittlich zwischen einer halben und einer Stunde im Netz, werden aber von kommerzieller Seite bereits als »Heavy User« apostrophiert (Feil S. 18). Etwa bei zehn, elf Jahren lag 2003/2004 das Einstiegsalter für das Internet, bei Mädchen und bei Kindern aus niedrigeren Einkommens- und Sozialschichten etwas später. Offenbar haben die inzwischen - auch schon im Primarbereich - gut ausgestatten Schulen noch »kaum kompensatorische Wirkung im Sinne gleicher Zugangschancen für alle Kinder« entfaltet, »sondern allenfalls den Anteil der Kinder mit Sowohl-als-auch-Zugang« erhöht (Feil S. 21). So zeichnen sich tendenziell zwar jeweils steigende Beteiligungen ab, aber »die Mehrheit der Kinder« ist noch »offline«. Und der Zugang der Kinder zum Netz allein »gibt weder Aufschluss über ihre Nutzungskompetenzen noch über die Bedeutung der Kommunikationsund Informationsfunktion des Internets für Kinder« (Feil S. 30), so die sicherlich stimmige Ausgangsthese.
Beobachtungen und Befragungen Da kommen die beiden vorliegenden Studien gerade recht, untersuchen sie doch mit qualitativen Methoden, mit Befragungen und teilnehmenden Beobachtungen, wie Kinder das Internet entdecken beziehungsweise nutzen, welche Kompetenzen sie haben und entwickeln, welche Erwartungen, Interessen und Präferenzen sie für das Netz haben, wie und welche Orientierungen und Suchstrategien sie entfalten und schließlich wodurch und wie sie sich von den Web-Sites ansprechen lassen. Das wird jeweils an einzelnen Beispielen und Szenen anschaulich beschrieben, teils wörtlich dokumentiert, sodass man plastische Eindrücke bekommt, wie Kinder an das Web herangehen, wie sie sich zurechtfinden und was sie darüber denken und wissen. Die eine Studie (Christine Feil et al. 2004) wurde zwischen 2001 und 2003 am Deutschen Jugendinstitut (DJI) München mit Unterstützung des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung durchgeführt; an ihr sind mehrere ForscherInnen beteiligt gewesen. Entsprechend komplexer und differenzierter sind ihre Erhebungsmethoden, entsprechend aufwendiger ist ihr Forschungsdesign, und entsprechend umfassender und dichter sind ihre Ergebnisse. Teilgenommen an der Studie haben elf Mädchen und sieben Jungen zwischen fünf und elf Jahren; sie wurden in zwei bis drei mindestens einstündigen Beobachtungsphasen in ihrem Umgang mit PC und Internet per Video beobachtet, zweimal befragt wurden die Eltern und die Erzieherinnen der Horte, in die die Kinder gehen. Die andere (Susanne Richter 2004) ist eine literaturdidaktische Dissertation an der Universität Lüneburg, deren empirischer Teil schon 1999, also drei Jahre früher als die DJI-Studie, durchgeführt wurde. Beteiligt waren 25 Schüler, darunter nur sechs Mädchen, zwischen zehn und 13 Jahren, die von der Autorin nach ihrer PC-Nutzung befragt und während einer halbstündigen »Surfphase« über vier ausgewählte Web-Sites beobachtet wurden. Mithin sind die Populationen allenfalls für die neun 10- bis 11-Jährigen der DJI-Studie vergleichbar, die andere Hälfte ist jünger.
Tipps von Freunden Beide Studien beschränken sich nicht nur auf die Darstellung der empirischen Befunde: Außer der Aufbereitung der quantitativen Nutzungsdaten findet sich in der DJI-Studie noch ein informativer Abriss über »neuere Entwicklungen im deutschen Kinderweh«. Darin werden die neuen Kinder- und Jugendschutzregelungen abgehandelt sowie jüngste formale und inhaltliche Entwicklungen der Internetseiten für Kinder skizziert. Damit setzt das DJI seine Bestandsaufnahmen und Sichtungen von Kindersoftware und -selten, die es seit 1999 vornimmt, fort.* In einer Datenbank (unter www. kinderseiten.de) sind sie jeweils aktuell abzurufen. Insgesamt wachse die »Ökonomisierung des Kinderweh«; gerade die für Kindermedien symptomatischen Medienverbundstrategien werden durch das Web enorm verstärkt, wie es umgekehrt von ihnen profitiert, sodass sich Werbung und Inhalt immer intensiver vermischen (und kaum das gesetzliche Gebot nach Trennung einhalten). Nicht-kommerzielle Angebote, die es gleichwohl in Fülle im Netz gibt, haben es gegenüber solch geballter Marktmacht zunehmend schwerer, überhaupt die Aufmerksamkeit der Kinder zu finden, das heißt, überhaupt von ihnen entdeckt zu werden. Denn Kinder diesen Alters, darin stimmen beide Studien überein, surfen im eigentlichen Sinne kaum; sie merken sich die Adressen (URLs) aus Zeitschriften, von Fernsehsendungen oder bekommen sie von Freunden. Nur selten suchen sie welche gezielt mittels Suchmaschinen oder Katalogen; und auch spezielle Kindersuchmaschinen wie die viel gelobte Blinde Kuh (www.blindekuh.de) kommen nur selten in ihr Gesichtsfeld. Auch Richter beginnt - wohl typisch Dissertation - recht allgemein, mit der Darstellung (kontroverser) Medienbegriffe, von Web-Geschichte und -funktionalitäten und gängigen Gestaltungskriterien, was für das eigentliche Thema nicht unbedingt erforderlich ist. Aufschlussreich für den bibliothekarischen Kontext sind hingegen ihre Ausführungen zur Lesekompetenz und ihre Relationen zu speziellen Internetkompetenzen, die die Autorin auch empirisch erhärten kann: Denn Kinder, die flüssig, gut und sicher lesen können, erfassen natürlich nicht nur die Web-Inhalte besser, sie finden sich auch schneller auf den Web-Seiten zurecht und erkennen deren Strukturen (Linkpfade, Navigationsleisten, Buttons und so weiter) leichter und genauer als die Leseschwächeren. Ob man solchen Umgang sogleich als kompetentes Informationsverhalten und Surf-Aktivität werten will oder nicht, ist wohl Definitionssache. Denn auch Richter räumt ein, dass die meisten Kinder vornehmlich über das Internet spielen oder aber ihnen schon bekannte Seiten für ihre Hobbys, über Stars, Musik und Chat aufrufen. Dabei ist ihnen vor allem das Design der Seiten wichtig: Bunt, mit Bildern und Fotos sollen sie gestaltet sein, aber nicht überladen und durch Animationen in ihrer Ladezeit zu langwierig. Fachliches Computerwissen haben die Kinder gemeinhin nicht, nur wenige Freaks brillieren mit nicht immer ganz begriffenem Vokabular; und sie brauchen es auch kaum, denn sie lernen den Internetumgang durch Zugucken und kurze Handling-Tipps von Eltern und älteren Kindern. Eine systematische Internetdidaktik, wie sie Richter fordert, wurde vor vier Jahren offenbar noch kaum praktiziert.
-
Chen, H.-M.; Cooper, M.D.: Using clustering techniques to detect usage patterns in a Web-based information system (2001)
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- Abstract
- Different users of a Web-based information system will have different goals and different ways of performing their work. This article explores the possibility that we can automatically detect usage patterns without demographic information about the individuals. First, a set of 47 variables was defined that can be used to characterize a user session. The values of these variables were computed for approximately 257,000 sessions. Second, principal component analysis was employed to reduce the dimensions of the original data set. Third, a twostage, hybrid clustering method was proposed to categorize sessions into groups. Finally, an external criteriabased test of cluster validity was performed to verify the validity of the resulting usage groups (clusters). The proposed methodology was demonstrated and tested for validity using two independent samples of user sessions drawn from the transaction logs of the University of California's MELVYL® on-line library catalog system (www.melvyl.ucop.edu). The results indicate that there were six distinct categories of use in the MELVYL system: knowledgeable and sophisticated use, unsophisticated use, highly interactive use with good search performance, known-item searching, help-intensive searching, and relatively unsuccessful use. Their characteristics were interpreted and compared qualitatively. The analysis shows that each group had distinct patterns of use of the system, which justifies the methodology employed in this study
- Date
- 29. 9.2001 18:36:03
-
Su, L.T.: ¬A comprehensive and systematic model of user evaluation of Web search engines : Il. An evaluation by undergraduates (2003)
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- Abstract
- This paper presents an application of the model described in Part I to the evaluation of Web search engines by undergraduates. The study observed how 36 undergraduate used four major search engines to find information for their own individual problems and how they evaluated these engines based an actual interaction with the search engines. User evaluation was based an 16 performance measures representing five evaluation criteria: relevance, efficiency, utility, user satisfaction, and connectivity. Non-performance (user-related) measures were also applied. Each participant searched his/ her own topic an all four engines and provided satisfaction ratings for system features and interaction and reasons for satisfaction. Each also made relevance judgements of retrieved items in relation to his/her own information need and participated in post-search Interviews to provide reactions to the search results and overall performance. The study found significant differences in precision PR1 relative recall, user satisfaction with output display, time saving, value of search results, and overall performance among the four engines and also significant engine by discipline interactions an all these measures. In addition, the study found significant differences in user satisfaction with response time among four engines, and significant engine by discipline interaction in user satisfaction with search interface. None of the four search engines dominated in every aspect of the multidimensional evaluation. Content analysis of verbal data identified a number of user criteria and users evaluative comments based an these criteria. Results from both quantitative analysis and content analysis provide insight for system design and development, and useful feedback an strengths and weaknesses of search engines for system improvement
- Date
- 24. 1.2004 18:27:22
-
Bilal, D.: Children's use of the Yahooligans! Web search engine : III. Cognitive and physical behaviors on fully self-generated search tasks (2002)
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- Abstract
- Bilal, in this third part of her Yahooligans! study looks at children's performance with self-generated search tasks, as compared to previously assigned search tasks looking for differences in success, cognitive behavior, physical behavior, and task preference. Lotus ScreenCam was used to record interactions and post search interviews to record impressions. The subjects, the same 22 seventh grade children in the previous studies, generated topics of interest that were mediated with the researcher into more specific topics where necessary. Fifteen usable sessions form the basis of the study. Eleven children were successful in finding information, a rate of 73% compared to 69% in assigned research questions, and 50% in assigned fact-finding questions. Eighty-seven percent began using one or two keyword searches. Spelling was a problem. Successful children made fewer keyword searches and the number of search moves averaged 5.5 as compared to 2.4 on the research oriented task and 3.49 on the factual. Backtracking and looping were common. The self-generated task was preferred by 47% of the subjects.
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Cothey, V.: ¬A longitudinal study of World Wide Web users' information-searching behavior (2002)
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- Abstract
- A study of the "real world" Web information searching behavior of 206 college students over a 10-month period showed that, contrary to expectations, the users adopted a more passive or browsing approach to Web information searching and became more eclectic in their selection of Web hosts as they gained experience. The study used a longitudinal transaction log analysis of the URLs accessed during 5,431 user days of Web information searching to detect changes in information searching behavior associated with increased experience of using the Web. The findings have implications for the design of future Web information retrieval tools
