Search (117 results, page 1 of 6)

  • × theme_ss:"Wissensrepräsentation"
  1. Zeng, Q.; Yu, M.; Yu, W.; Xiong, J.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, M.: Faceted hierarchy : a new graph type to organize scientific concepts and a construction method (2019) 0.24 
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    Content
    Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.
  2. Xiong, C.: Knowledge based text representations for information retrieval (2016) 0.22 
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    Content
    Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.
  3. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.16 
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    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
  4. Becker, H.-G.; Förster, F.: Vernetztes Wissen : Ereignisse in der bibliografischen Dokumentation (2010) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Innerhalb der Gedächtnisinstitutionen Bibliothek, Museum und Archiv gibt es je eigene Beschreibungsmodelle der beherbergten Objekte und Materialien. Für eine genauere bibliografische Erschließung wurde im Bibliotheksbereich das von Benutzerbedürfnissen ausgehende, statische Modell "Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records" (FRBR) geschaffen, dessen ungenauer »Werk«-Begriff ebenso thematisiert wird wie die schwer zu realisierende Übertragbarkeit des Modells auf Nicht-Buchmaterialien. Die Museumswelt orientiert die Darstellung ihrer Bestände am CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM), das sich hinsichtlich der Beschreibung heterogener Museumsobjekte, also Artefakten künstlerischer und intellektueller Gestaltung, als hilfreich erwiesen hat. In gegenseitigem Austausch zwischen IFLA und ICOM wurde FRBR mit CRM harmonisiert. Das Ergebnis, FRBRoo (objektorientiertes FRBR), zeigt seine Vorzüge zum einen in einer strengeren Interpretation der Entitäten der Gruppe 1 des FRBR-Modells und zum anderen in einer genaueren Abbildung von Prozessen bzw. Ereignissen. Beispiele zum Anwendungsbezug von FRBRoo zeigen dessen Zugewinn für die wissenschaftliche Erschließung hand-, druck- und online-schriftlicher Quellen, Werken der Darstellenden Kunst, Landkarten und Musikalien innerhalb einer CRM-basierten Datenbank.
  5. Boer, V. de; Wielemaker, J.; Gent, J. van; Hildebrand, M.; Isaac, A.; Ossenbruggen, J. van; Schreiber, G.: Supporting linked data production for cultural heritage institutes : the Amsterdam Museum case study (2012) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Within the cultural heritage field, proprietary metadata and vocabularies are being transformed into public Linked Data. These efforts have mostly been at the level of large-scale aggregators such as Europeana where the original data is abstracted to a common format and schema. Although this approach ensures a level of consistency and interoperability, the richness of the original data is lost in the process. In this paper, we present a transparent and interactive methodology for ingesting, converting and linking cultural heritage metadata into Linked Data. The methodology is designed to maintain the richness and detail of the original metadata. We introduce the XMLRDF conversion tool and describe how it is integrated in the ClioPatria semantic web toolkit. The methodology and the tools have been validated by converting the Amsterdam Museum metadata to a Linked Data version. In this way, the Amsterdam Museum became the first 'small' cultural heritage institution with a node in the Linked Data cloud.
  6. Schöndorf, P.: Nicht-konventionelle Thesaurusrelationen als Orientierungshilfen für Indexierung und Recherche: Analyse ausgewählter Beispiele (1988) 0.01 
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    Source
    Nachrichten für Dokumentation. 39(1988), S.231-244
  7. Thomer, A.; Cheng, Y.-Y.; Schneider, J.; Twidale, M.; Ludäscher, B.: Logic-based schema alignment for natural history Mmuseum databases (2017) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In natural history museums, knowledge organization systems have gradually been migrated from paper-based catalog ledgers to electronic databases; these databases in turn must be migrated from one platform or software version to another. These migrations are by no means straightforward, particularly when one data schema must be mapped to another-or, when a database has been used in other-than-its-intended manner. There are few tools or methods available to support the necessary work of comparing divergent data schemas. Here we present a proof-of-concept in which we compare two versions of a subset of the Specify 6 data model using Euler/X, a logic-based reasoning tool. Specify 6 is a popular natural history museum database system whose data model has undergone several changes over its lifespan. We use Euler/X to produce visualizations (called "possible worlds") of the different ways that two versions of this data model might be mapped to one another. This proof-of-concept lays groundwork for further approaches that could aid data curators in database migration and maintenance work. It also contributes to research on the unique challenges to knowledge organization within natural history museums, and on the applicability of logic-based approaches to database schema migration or crosswalking.
    Content
    Beitrag in einem Special Issue: Knowledge Organization within the Museum Domain.
  8. Weller, K.: Ontologien (2013) 0.01 
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    Source
    Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis. 6., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, W. Semar u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried
  9. Mäkelä, E.; Hyvönen, E.; Saarela, S.; Vilfanen, K.: Application of ontology techniques to view-based semantic serach and browsing (2012) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    We scho how the beenfits of the view-based search method, developed within the information retrieval community, can be extended with ontology-based search, developed within the Semantic Web community, and with semantic recommendations. As a proof of the concept, we have implemented an ontology-and view-based search engine and recommendations system Ontogaotr for RDF(S) repositories. Ontogator is innovative in two ways. Firstly, the RDFS.based ontologies used for annotating metadata are used in the user interface to facilitate view-based information retrieval. The views provide the user with an overview of the repositorys contents and a vocabulary for expressing search queries. Secondlyy, a semantic browsing function is provided by a recommender system. This system enriches instance level metadata by ontologies and provides the user with links to semantically related relevant resources. The semantic linkage is specified in terms of logical rules. To illustrate and discuss the ideas, a deployed application of Ontogator to a photo repository of the Helsinki University Museum is presented.
  10. ISO/DIS 5127: Information and documentation - foundation and vocabulary (2013) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This standard provides the basic terms and their definitions in the field of information and documentation for the purpose of promoting and facilitating knowledge sharing and information exchange. This International Standard presents terms and definitions of selected concepts relevant to the field of information and documentation. If a definition is from other standards, the priority of selection is TC46 technical standards, then technical standards in relevant field, and then terminology related standards. The scope of this International Standard corresponds to that of ISO/TC46, Standardization of practices relating to libraries, documentation and information centres, publishing, archives, records management, museum documentation, indexing and abstracting services, and information science. ISO 5127 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and Documentation, WG4, Terminology of information and documentation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5127:2001), which has been technically revised to overcome problems in the practical application of ISO 5127:2001 and to take account of the new developments in the field of information and documentation.
  11. Riva, P.; Doerr, M.; Zumer, M.: FRBRoo: enabling a common view of information from memory institutions (2008) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In 2008 the FRBR/CRM Harmonisation Working Group has achieved a major milestone: a complete version of the object-oriented definition of FRBR (FRBRoo) was released for comment. After a brief overview of the history and context of the Working Group, this paper focuses on the primary contributions resulting from this work. - FRBRoo is a self-contained document which expresses the concepts of FRBR using the objectoriented methodology and framework of CIDOC CRM. It is an alternative view on library conceptualisation for a different purpose, not a replacement for FRBR. - This 'translation' process presented an opportunity to verify and confirm FRBR's internal consistency. - FRBRoo offers a common view of library and museum documentation as two kinds of information from memory institutions. Such a common view is necessary to provide interoperable information systems for all users interested in accessing common or related content. - The analysis provided an opportunity for mutual enrichment of FRBR and CIDOC CRM. Examples include: - - Addition of the modelling of time and events to FRBR, which can be seen in its application to the publishing process - - Clarification of the manifestation entity - - Explicit modelling of performances and recordings in FRBR - - Adding the work entity to CRM - - Adding the identifier assignment process to CRM. - Producing a formalisation which is more suited for implementation with object-oriented tools, and which facilitates the testing and adoption of FRBR concepts in implementations with different functional specifications and in different environments.
  12. Aker, A.; Plaza, L.; Lloret, E.; Gaizauskas, R.: Do humans have conceptual models about geographic objects? : a user study (2013) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In this article, we investigate what sorts of information humans request about geographical objects of the same type. For example, Edinburgh Castle and Bodiam Castle are two objects of the same type: "castle." The question is whether specific information is requested for the object type "castle" and how this information differs for objects of other types (e.g., church, museum, or lake). We aim to answer this question using an online survey. In the survey, we showed 184 participants 200 images pertaining to urban and rural objects and asked them to write questions for which they would like to know the answers when seeing those objects. Our analysis of the 6,169 questions collected in the survey shows that humans have shared ideas of what to ask about geographical objects. When the object types resemble each other (e.g., church and temple), the requested information is similar for the objects of these types. Otherwise, the information is specific to an object type. Our results may be very useful in guiding Natural Language Processing tasks involving automatic generation of templates for image descriptions and their assessment, as well as image indexing and organization.
  13. Semantische Technologien : Grundlagen - Konzepte - Anwendungen (2012) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Dieses Lehrbuch bietet eine umfassende Einführung in Grundlagen, Potentiale und Anwendungen Semantischer Technologien. Es richtet sich an Studierende der Informatik und angrenzender Fächer sowie an Entwickler, die Semantische Technologien am Arbeitsplatz oder in verteilten Applikationen nutzen möchten. Mit seiner an praktischen Beispielen orientierten Darstellung gibt es aber auch Anwendern und Entscheidern in Unternehmen einen breiten Überblick über Nutzen und Möglichkeiten dieser Technologie. Semantische Technologien versetzen Computer in die Lage, Informationen nicht nur zu speichern und wieder zu finden, sondern sie ihrer Bedeutung entsprechend auszuwerten, zu verbinden, zu Neuem zu verknüpfen, und so flexibel und zielgerichtet nützliche Leistungen zu erbringen. Das vorliegende Buch stellt im ersten Teil die als Semantische Technologien bezeichneten Techniken, Sprachen und Repräsentationsformalismen vor. Diese Elemente erlauben es, das in Informationen enthaltene Wissen formal und damit für den Computer verarbeitbar zu beschreiben, Konzepte und Beziehungen darzustellen und schließlich Inhalte zu erfragen, zu erschließen und in Netzen zugänglich zu machen. Der zweite Teil beschreibt, wie mit Semantischen Technologien elementare Funktionen und umfassende Dienste der Informations- und Wissensverarbeitung realisiert werden können. Hierzu gehören etwa die Annotation und das Erschließen von Information, die Suche in den resultierenden Strukturen, das Erklären von Bedeutungszusammenhängen sowie die Integration einzelner Komponenten in komplexe Ablaufprozesse und Anwendungslösungen. Der dritte Teil beschreibt schließlich vielfältige Anwendungsbeispiele in unterschiedlichen Bereichen und illustriert so Mehrwert, Potenzial und Grenzen von Semantischen Technologien. Die dargestellten Systeme reichen von Werkzeugen für persönliches, individuelles Informationsmanagement über Unterstützungsfunktionen für Gruppen bis hin zu neuen Ansätzen im Internet der Dinge und Dienste, einschließlich der Integration verschiedener Medien und Anwendungen von Medizin bis Musik.
  14. Stein, R.; Gottschewski, J.; Heuchert, R.; Ermert, A.; Hagedorn-Saupe, M.; Hansen, H.-J.; Saro, C.; Scheffel, R.; Schulte-Dornberg, G.: ¬Das CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model : Eine Hilfe für den Datenaustausch? (2005) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Mit dieser Publikation veröffentlicht das Institut für Museumskunde die bisherigen Arbeitsergebnisse der Arbeitsgruppe "Datenaustausch" in der Fachgruppe Dokumentation des Deutschen Museumsbunds (DMB). Kolleginnen und Kollegen verschiedener Interessenschwerpunkte aus Museen und Informatik-Einrichtungen haben seit dem Jahre 2000 die Entwicklung des CIDOC-CRM (das "Conceptual Reference Model" des Dokumentationskomitees von ICOM, dem Internationalen Museumsrat) zu einem Arbeitsinstrument begleitet, das derzeit auf dem Wege ist, als Norm ISO 21 127 Anerkennung zu finden. Die Arbeitsgruppe hat sich intensiv damit beschäftigt, zunächst das komplexe Modell zu verstehen, und sie hat diskutiert, inwieweit es eine Hilfestellung für die Arbeit von Museen miteinander und für einen Datenaustausch zwischen ihnen bietet. Die Ergebnisse der Überlegungen werden hier vorgestellt in der Hoffnung, dass dadurch viele Kolleginnen und Kollegen mit dem Modell bekannt werden, ihnen das Verständnis des CRM erleichtert wird und das Modell auch in Deutschland für die Konzeption von Informationssystemen und die Vermittlung zwischen unterschiedlichen Dokumentationen genutzt werden kann.
  15. Boteram, F.: Semantische Relationen in Dokumentationssprachen : vom Thesaurus zum semantischen Netz (2010) 0.00 
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    Date
    2. 3.2013 12:29:05
    Source
    Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly
  16. Hollink, L.; Assem, M. van: Estimating the relevance of search results in the Culture-Web : a study of semantic distance measures (2010) 0.00 
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    Date
    29. 7.2011 14:44:56
    26.12.2011 13:40:22
  17. Fischer, D.H.: ¬Ein Lehrbeispiel für eine Ontologie : OpenCyc (2004) 0.00 
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    Content
    Das Projekt Cyc ist im Jahre 1984 angetreten mit der Zielsetzung, im großen Maßstab Alltags- und enzyklopädisches Wissen in einem einheitlichen System zu formalisieren im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Versuchen der jeweiligen Repräsentation sektoralen Expertenwissens. Nachdem man sich dem Mythos Cyc zunächst nur über Publikationen nähern konntet, wurde dann 1997 als Textdatei Cycs "Upper Ontology" durch die Firma Cycorp Inc. zugänglich gemacht. Sie enthielt aber einiges nicht, was beschrieben worden war: z.B. Regeln und die Bindung von Aussagen an "Mikrotheorien". Entsprechend dieser Beschränkung war es mir möglich, den Inhalt dieser Datei strukturell verlustfrei in mein objektorientiertes, generisches Thesaurussystem "TerminologyFramework" einzubringen. Im April 200z wurden dann unter dem Namen OpenCyc nicht nur der Inhalt eines Auszugs aus Cycorps Ontologie, sondern auch zugehörige Werkzeuge zum lesenden Stöbern, Ändern und Schließen in einem ersten Release 0.6 zugänglich. Dazu findet man reichlich tutorielles Material, jedoch ist es nicht exakt abgestimmt auf die aktuell vorliegende Wissensbasis, sowie allerhand Dokumentation; vor allem aber findet man zum Herunterladen das Softwarepaket samt Wissensbasis für Windows NT/2000/XP- oder für Linux-Systeme. In welchem Verhältnis das nun kostenlos mit einer "GNU Lesser General Public License" verfügbare OpenCyc zu dem kommerziellen "Full Cyc" der Firma Cycorp steht, darüber weiß ich nichts aus erster Hand; die von mir für OpenCyc ermittelten Zahlen (s.u.) stehen zu neueren Angaben für Cyc in einem Größenordnungsverhältnis von ca. 1 zu 10. Informationen über realisierte Anwendungen kann man der Firmenselbstdarstellung$ und den von dort erreichbaren "white papers" entnehmen. Auf der Firmeneingangsseite findet man in Gestalt einer Pyramide eine Inhaltsübersicht der Ontologie von Cyc (siehe Abbildung 1): Beim Darüberfahren mit der Maus wird das dort wie auch hier kaum leserliche Kleingedruckte im Feld links oben lesbar und durch Klicken wird eine Inhaltsbeschreibung des jeweiligen Begriffsbereichs im Feld unten gegeben. OpenCyc stellt wohl einen exemplarischen Auszug aus dem oberen Teil der Pyramide oberhalb "Domain-Specific Knowledge" dar.
  18. Moustafid, Y. El: Semantic Web Techniken für E-Learning (2003) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Im fünften Kapitel wurden die neuen Suchmaschinen, die ausschließlich auf dem Konzept der Topic Maps basieren und diese Technik auch tatsächlich verwenden, angesprochen und mit Beispielanfragen erläutert. In dieser Diplomarbeit wurden wegen dem großen Einsatzpotential von Topic Maps, viele Gebiete angesprochen, angefangen bei den Webkatalogen über Suchmaschinen bis hin zum E-Learning. Mit XML Topic Maps gibt man den Beziehungen zwischen den verschiedenen Topics die Chance sich auszuzeichnen. Damit erreicht die Suche eine neue, bis dahin unmögliche Qualität. Mit einer Topic Map lassen sich beispielsweise die klassischen Navigationselemente technischer Dokumentation (Inhalt, Index, Glossar etc.) in einheitlicher Weise beschreiben; eine andere Topic Map könnte die inhaltliche Vernetzung von Artikeln in einem Lexikon ausdrücken (z.B. Person A wurde geboren in Stadt B, B liegt in Land C, Oper D wurde komponiert von A, Person E war Zeitgenosse von A) und für "siehe auch"-Verweise sorgen (andere Werke dieses Komponisten, andere Städte in diesem Land etc.). Es klingt wie die Lösung aller Suchprobleme. Allerdings nur in der Theorie. Denn Tools, die in der Lage sind, das Wissen oder die Riesendaten in Topicmaps automatisch zu generieren, sind noch Mangelware, was die Ausbreitung von Topic Maps hemmt. Der Aufbau solcher Netze erfordert sehr viel Zeit und sehr viel "Handarbeit" - und damit auch viel Geld, was viele Firmen davon abhält Topic Maps zu benutzen.
  19. Hinkelmann, K.: Ontopia Omnigator : ein Werkzeug zur Einführung in Topic Maps (20xx) 0.00 
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    Date
    4. 9.2011 12:29:09
  20. Griffiths, T.L.; Steyvers, M.: ¬A probabilistic approach to semantic representation (2002) 0.00 
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    Date
    29. 6.2015 14:55:01
    29. 6.2015 16:09:05

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