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Content

Bezugnahme auf: http://www.heise.de/tr/artikel/Neuronales-Netz-mit-uebermenschlichen-Faehigkeiten-3117954.html.

Source

http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Neuronales-Netz-von-Google-uebertrifft-Menschen-bei-der-Ortsbestimmung-von-Fotos-3117960.html?view=print

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Content

Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fcreativechoice.org%2Fdoc%2FHansJonas.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1TM3teaYKgABL5H9yoIifA&opi=89978449.

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Abstract

Ein wichtiges Merkmal von Systemen mit künstlicher Intelligenz ist die Fähigkeit, selbständig zu lernen. Anders als bei klassischer Software, die Probleme und Fragen auf Basis von vorher festgelegten Regeln abarbeitet, können selbstlernende Machine Learning Algorithmen die besten Regeln für die Lösung bestimmter Aufgaben selber lernen. In diesem Artikel wird am Beispiel von künstlichen neuronalen Netzen erklärt, was "lernen" in diesem Zusammenhang heißt, und wie es funktioniert. Ein künstliches neuronales Netz besteht aus vielen einzelnen Neuronen, die meistens in mehreren miteinander verbundenen Schichten (Layern) angeordnet sind. Die Zahl der Layer bestimmt unter anderem den Grad der Komplexität, den ein künstliches neuronales Netz abbilden kann. Viele Layer machen ein neuronales Netz "tief" - daher spricht man in diesem Zusammenhang auch vom Deep Learning als einer Unterkategorie des Machine Learning (Maschinenlernen bzw. maschinelles lernen).

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Source

http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDQQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F3131107&ei=HzFWVYvGMsiNsgGTyoFI&usg=AFQjCNE2FHUeR9oQTQlNC4TPedv4Mo3DaQ&sig2=Rlzpr7a3BLZZkqZCXXN_IA&bvm=bv.93564037,d.bGg&cad=rja

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Content

Vgl. auch: Mattke, S.: Neuronales Netz von Google übertrifft Menschen bei der Ortsbestimmung von Fotos.

Source

http://www.heise.de/tr/artikel/Neuronales-Netz-mit-uebermenschlichen-Faehigkeiten-3117954.html?view=print [Technology review]

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Abstract

The successes of information retrieval (IR) in recent decades were built upon bag-of-words representations. Effective as it is, bag-of-words is only a shallow text understanding; there is a limited amount of information for document ranking in the word space. This dissertation goes beyond words and builds knowledge based text representations, which embed the external and carefully curated information from knowledge bases, and provide richer and structured evidence for more advanced information retrieval systems. This thesis research first builds query representations with entities associated with the query. Entities' descriptions are used by query expansion techniques that enrich the query with explanation terms. Then we present a general framework that represents a query with entities that appear in the query, are retrieved by the query, or frequently show up in the top retrieved documents. A latent space model is developed to jointly learn the connections from query to entities and the ranking of documents, modeling the external evidence from knowledge bases and internal ranking features cooperatively. To further improve the quality of relevant entities, a defining factor of our query representations, we introduce learning to rank to entity search and retrieve better entities from knowledge bases. In the document representation part, this thesis research also moves one step forward with a bag-of-entities model, in which documents are represented by their automatic entity annotations, and the ranking is performed in the entity space.
This proposal includes plans to improve the quality of relevant entities with a co-learning framework that learns from both entity labels and document labels. We also plan to develop a hybrid ranking system that combines word based and entity based representations together with their uncertainties considered. At last, we plan to enrich the text representations with connections between entities. We propose several ways to infer entity graph representations for texts, and to rank documents using their structure representations. This dissertation overcomes the limitation of word based representations with external and carefully curated information from knowledge bases. We believe this thesis research is a solid start towards the new generation of intelligent, semantic, and structured information retrieval.

Content

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.

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Abstract

In this thesis we propose three new word association measures for multi-word term extraction. We combine these association measures with LocalMaxs algorithm in our extraction model and compare the results of different multi-word term extraction methods. Our approach is language and domain independent and requires no training data. It can be applied to such tasks as text summarization, information retrieval, and document classification. We further explore the potential of using multi-word terms as an effective representation for general web-page summarization. We extract multi-word terms from human written summaries in a large collection of web-pages, and generate the summaries by aligning document words with these multi-word terms. Our system applies machine translation technology to learn the aligning process from a training set and focuses on selecting high quality multi-word terms from human written summaries to generate suitable results for web-page summarization.

Content

A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. Vgl. Unter: http://www.inf.ufrgs.br%2F~ceramisch%2Fdownload_files%2Fpublications%2F2009%2Fp01.pdf.

Date

10. 1.2013 19:22:47

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Footnote

https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.univie.ac.at%2Findex.php%2Fvoebm%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F5332%2F5271%2F&usg=AOvVaw2yQdFGHlmOwVls7ANCpTii.

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Footnote

Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].

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Content

Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.

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Content

PhD Dissertation at International Doctorate School in Information and Communication Technology. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F150083013.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2n-qisNagpyT0lli_6QbAQ.

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Footnote

Vgl. unter: https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwizweHljdbcAhVS16QKHXcFD9QQFjABegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F271200105_Die_Autonomie_des_Menschen_und_der_Maschine_-_gegenwartige_Definitionen_von_Autonomie_zwischen_philosophischem_Hintergrund_und_technologischer_Umsetzbarkeit_Redigierte_Version_der_Magisterarbeit_Karls&usg=AOvVaw06orrdJmFF2xbCCp_hL26q.

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Content

Vgl. auch: New automatic interpreter for complex UDC numbers. Unter: <https%3A%2F%2Fudcc.org%2Ffiles%2FAttilaPiros_EC_36-37_2014-2015.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3kc9CwDDCWP7aArpfjrs5b>

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Abstract

Eine Lawine von Wissensbrocken prasselt hernieder, die unser Verständnis von uns selbst enorm erweitern können. Man muss sie nur passend zusammensetzen. Die raffinierten modernen Methoden der Neurobiologie lassen uns verstehen und sogar berechnen, was uns zum Handeln antreibt: Wie der Wert eines Handlungsziels neuronal kodiert wird, wo und woraus dieser Wert abgeschätzt wird, und warum auch Information einen Wert hat. Sie zeigen auch, wie das gewonnene Wissen im Gehirn gespeichert wird: Wie Wissen über räumliche Zusammenhänge abgespeichert wird. Oder: Welche Wege das neuronale Netz gefunden hat, um zeitlich oder örtlich begrenzt die Lernfähigkeit zu erhöhen, während andererseits Stabilität gewährleistet wird. Denn auch wenn Flexibilität und Plastizität nützliche Fähigkeiten sind: Ebenso wichtig kann es sein, einmal optimierte Verschaltungen zu bewahren. Die Verschiebung des Gleichgewichts zwischen erregenden und hemmenden Nervenzellen ist ein Regler, um diese Grenze zu ziehen. Die Einbringung neuer Nervenzellen ein anderer. Und wenn die neuen Zellen künstlich eingebracht werden, können sich die beiden Regler sogar verbinden. Sogar den großen Fragen widmet sich die aktuelle Hirnforschung mit großem Gewinn. Wir verstehen zunehmend, was den Menschen zum Menschen macht: Soziale Fähigkeiten wie Empathie, Sprache und Musik, die ihn von seinen nächsten Verwandten im Tierreich unterscheiden (und erstaunlicherweise den Vögeln ähnlich macht). Wie das Gehirn kreativ die Gedanken und Bilder hervorbringt, aus denen Kunst und auch Wissenschaft werden, wird begreiflich. Wir sehen mit Staunen, dass die individuelle Persönlichkeit nicht allein im Gehirn steckt, sondern auch im Gedärm. Und können uns sogar der letzten Grenze nähern: der Frage nach dem Bewusstsein. Dr. Konrad Lehmann forscht und lehrt als Neurobiologe an der Friedrich Schiller-Universität Jena. Sein Forschungsschwerpunkt ist die Fähigkeit der Hirnrinde, sich an veränderte Umweltbedingungen anzupassen.

Content

- Was wollen wir tun? Warum nicht einfach aufgeben? -- Das war schön! Nochmal! -- Warum wollen Sie diesen Artikel lesen? -- Einsamkeit ist ein Grundgefühl -- Das mütterliche Gehirn - Was können wir wissen? Wie entsteht Wissen? -- Was Hirnchen nicht lernt ... -- Schlaf, der Gedächtnisgärtner -- Unser Gehirn kartiert auch Beziehungen räumlich -- Die leuchtende Spur der Erinnerung -- Neuronales Upgrade -- Warum erzeugt das Gehirn neue Neuronen? -- Frischzellen fürs Gehirn - Was ist der Mensch? Gleichgeschaltete Meisen -- Von wegen: "Spatzenhirn" -- Ich verdaue, also bin ich -- Ideen aus dem neuronalen Untergrund -- Homo musicus - Was können wir hoffen? Denken mit Leib und Seele

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Abstract

Moderne Verfahren des Information Retrieval verlangen nach aussagekräftigen und detailliert relationierten Dokumentationssprachen. Der selektive Transfer einzelner Modellierungsstrategien aus dem Bereich semantischer Technologien für die Gestaltung und Relationierung bestehender Dokumentationssprachen wird diskutiert. In Form einer Taxonomie wird ein hierarchisch strukturiertes Relationeninventar definiert, welches sowohl hinreichend allgemeine als auch zahlreiche spezifische Relationstypen enthält, die eine detaillierte und damit aussagekräftige Relationierung des Vokabulars ermöglichen. Das bringt einen Zugewinn an Übersichtlichkeit und Funktionalität. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Ansätzen und Überlegungen zur Schaffung von Relationeninventaren entwickelt der vorgestellte Vorschlag das Relationeninventar aus der Begriffsmenge eines bestehenden Gegenstandsbereichs heraus.

Source

Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly

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Content

Vgl. unter: https://www.leibniz-science20.de%2Fforschung%2Fprojekte%2Faltmetrics-in-verschiedenen-wissenschaftsdisziplinen%2F&ei=2jTgVaaXGcK4Udj1qdgB&usg=AFQjCNFOPdONj4RKBDf9YDJOLuz3lkGYlg&sig2=5YI3KWIGxBmk5_kv0P_8iQ.

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Abstract

We present a short survey of the literature on indexing and retrieval of mathematical knowledge, with pointers to 72 papers and tentative taxonomies of both retrieval problems and recurring techniques.

Date

22. 2.2017 12:51:57

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LCSH

Information storage and retrieval
Information Storage and Retrieval

RSWK

Semantisches Netz
Information Retrieval

Subject

Semantisches Netz
Information Retrieval
Information storage and retrieval
Information Storage and Retrieval

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Abstract

Wenn wir versuchen, Denken und bewusstes Wahrnehmen auszublenden, wird ein besonderes System aktiv. Dieses Netz scheint bei manchen Hirnstörungen von der Norm abzuweichen. Vielleicht liefert seine Erforschung auch einen neuen Zugang zum Bewusstsein.

Date

20. 6.2010 9:22:04

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Content

Inhalt: A. Grundsätzliche Fragen (aus dem Umfeld) der Wissensorganisation Markus Gottwald, Matthias Klemm und Jan Weyand: Warum ist es schwierig, Wissen zu managen? Ein soziologischer Deutungsversuch anhand eines Wissensmanagementprojekts in einem Großunternehmen H. Peter Ohly: Wissenskommunikation und -organisation. Quo vadis? Helmut F. Spinner: Wissenspartizipation und Wissenschaftskommunikation in drei Wissensräumen: Entwurf einer integrierten Theorie B. Dokumentationssprachen in der Anwendung Felix Boteram: Semantische Relationen in Dokumentationssprachen vom Thesaurus zum semantischen Netz Jessica Hubrich: Multilinguale Wissensorganisation im Zeitalter der Globalisierung: das Projekt CrissCross Vivien Petras: Heterogenitätsbehandlung und Terminology Mapping durch Crosskonkordanzen - eine Fallstudie Manfred Hauer, Uwe Leissing und Karl Rädler: Query-Expansion durch Fachthesauri Erfahrungsbericht zu dandelon.com, Vorarlberger Parlamentsinformationssystem und vorarlberg.at
C. Begriffsarbeit in der Wissensorganisation Ingetraut Dahlberg: Begriffsarbeit in der Wissensorganisation Claudio Gnoli, Gabriele Merli, Gianni Pavan, Elisabetta Bernuzzi, and Marco Priano: Freely faceted classification for a Web-based bibliographic archive The BioAcoustic Reference Database Stefan Hauser: Terminologiearbeit im Bereich Wissensorganisation - Vergleich dreier Publikationen anhand der Darstellung des Themenkomplexes Thesaurus Daniel Kless: Erstellung eines allgemeinen Standards zur Wissensorganisation: Nutzen, Möglichkeiten, Herausforderungen, Wege D. Kommunikation und Lernen Gerald Beck und Simon Meissner: Strukturierung und Vermittlung von heterogenen (Nicht-)Wissensbeständen in der Risikokommunikation Angelo Chianese, Francesca Cantone, Mario Caropreso, and Vincenzo Moscato: ARCHAEOLOGY 2.0: Cultural E-Learning tools and distributed repositories supported by SEMANTICA, a System for Learning Object Retrieval and Adaptive Courseware Generation for e-learning environments Sonja Hierl, Lydia Bauer, Nadja Böller und Josef Herget: Kollaborative Konzeption von Ontologien in der Hochschullehre: Theorie, Chancen und mögliche Umsetzung Marc Wilhelm Küster, Christoph Ludwig, Yahya Al-Haff und Andreas Aschenbrenner: TextGrid: eScholarship und der Fortschritt der Wissenschaft durch vernetzte Angebote