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Marchionini, G.; Meadow, C.T.; Dwiggins, S.; Lin, X.; Jiabin, W.; Yuan, W.: ¬A study of user interaction with information retrieval interfaces : progress report (1991)
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- Abstract
- Reports progress and future plans for a project to study the interactions of users with information retrieval interfaces. Tests are run with professional data base searchers and with end users who are members of a profession but have little or no searching experience. Interfaces tested include a command language search system used to search DIALOG bibliographic data bases, a non-procedural system that produces DIALOG commands, and several full text systems, including one using hypertext. The intent is to determine which kinds of users perform best with each type of interface. The project is being conducted jointly bay the University of Toronto and the University of Maryland
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Marchionini, G.; Liebscher, P.: Performance in electronic encyclopedias : implications for adaptive systems (1991)
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- Abstract
- To make their system quickly usable, designers often build interfaces that reflect well-known manual activities. Demonstrates how undergraduates use their mental models for print encyclopedias to develop minimal proficiency with various electronic encyclopedias. Lower performance levels in the electronic systems are due to additional cognitive load required to adapt and develop mental models for the new systems. For the fact retrieval questions used in these relativley small data bases, the hypertext encyclopedia required less cognitive load than the 2 traditional Boolean-based systems. Adaptive designs that provide multiple system images are encouraged to support more comprehensive user understanding and more varied tasks
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Marchionini, G.: Information seeking in electronic environments (1995)
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- COMPASS
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
- Subject
- Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
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Marchionini, G.: Interfaces for end-user information seeking (1992)
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- Abstract
- Discusses and illustrates the essential features of user-system interfaces designed to support end user searching. Presents examples of interfaces to support the following basic information seeking functions are presented: problem definition, source selection, problem articulation, examination of results, and information extraction. Argues that present interfaces focus on problem articulation and examination of results functions, and research and development are needed to support the problem definition and information extraction functions
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Marchionini, G.: Information seeking in full-text end-user-oriented search system : the roles of domain and search expertise (1993)
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Ding, W.; Soergel, D.; Marchionini, G.: Performance of visual, verbal, and combined video surrogates (1999)
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- Abstract
- This study investigates the information representation power of different modalities in the video data in order to collect empirical evidence for video surrogate creation and thus better support effective video browsing and information retrieval. Three types of video surrogates - keyframe, keyword/phrase, and combination of the two were created and compared under two user tasks-verbal comprehension and visual gisting in user performance and preference. Results and discussions follow
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Tse, T.; Vegh, S.; Marchionini, G.; Shneiderman, B.: ¬An exploratory study of video browsing user interface designs and research methodologies : effectiveness in information seeking tasks (1999)
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- Abstract
- The purpose of this exploratory study is to develop research methods to compare the effectiveness of two video browsing interface designs, or surrogates-one static (storyboard) and one dynamic (slide show)-on two distinct information seeking tasks (gist determination and object recognition). Although video data is multimodal, potentially consisting of images, speech, sound, and text, the surrogates tested depend on image data only and use key frames or stills extracted from source video. A test system was developed to determine the effects of different key frame displays on user performance in specified information seeking tasks. The independent variables were interface display and task type. The dependent variables were task accuracy and subjective satisfaction. Covariates included spatial visual ability and time-to-completion. The study used a repeated block factorial 2x2 design; each of 20 participants interacted with all four interface-task combinations. No statistically significant results for task accuracy were found. Statistically significant differences were found, however, for user satisfaction with the display types: users assessed the static display to be "easier" to use than the dynamic display for both task types, even though there were no performance differences. This methodological approach provides a useful way to learn about the relationship between surrogate types and user tasks during video browsing
