Search (46 results, page 1 of 3)

0.029528728 = product of:
  0.20670108 = sum of:
    0.06279057 = weight(_text_:lernen in 4006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.06279057 = score(doc=4006,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.14343634 = queryWeight, product of:
          5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.43775916 = fieldWeight in 4006, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4006)
    0.11782379 = sum of:
      0.0050604227 = weight(_text_:e in 4006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0050604227 = score(doc=4006,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.13753214 = fieldWeight in 4006, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4006)
      0.11276337 = weight(_text_:learning in 4006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11276337 = score(doc=4006,freq=32.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.98660773 = fieldWeight in 4006, product of:
            5.656854 = tf(freq=32.0), with freq of:
              32.0 = termFreq=32.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4006)
    0.02608673 = weight(_text_:web in 4006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02608673 = score(doc=4006,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.3122631 = fieldWeight in 4006, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4006)
  0.14285715 = coord(3/21)

Abstract

Explores the role of information seeking and retrieval in the development of information systems to support personalized and autonomous learning.

Content

Inhalt: Learning: Basic Processes - Introduction - Basic Information Processes - Integrating Themes - Where do Integrating Themes come From? - Theory Generation and Testing - Learning: Individual Differences - Styles of Learning - Levels of Learning - References - Education - Educational Philosophies and Learning Design - Autonomy and Mediation - Library and Information Science - Standards for Supporting Resource Discovery - Information Seeking and Autonomous Learning - Information Seeking as Conversations - ICT Developments: Resource Discovery - Tools and Techniques to Support Information Seeking and Resource Discovery - Metadata - Ontologies and the Semantic Web - Educational Metadata and Ontologies - ICT Developments: Learning Design And Teaching - Intelligent and Adaptive Tutoring Systems - Learning Environments and Interoperability - General ICT-Based Developments - Educational Opportunities Afforded by ICT Developments - Educational Informatics Systems: Individual Approaches - Metadata-Enabled Learning Resource Discovery - Adaptive Systems for Personalised Resource Discovery - Open Corpus Resource Discovery - From Supplantation to Metacognition - Educational Informatics Systems: Social Approaches - Alternative Pedagogies - Educational Informatics Systems that Learn - Community-Based Learning - Real World Learning - Theory and Practice - Educational Informatics Support for Critical Thinking and Creativity - Making Sense of Research: Generating Useful Real World Knowledge - Going Forward: Research Issues and the Future - Different Perspectives on Educational Informatics Developments - Types Of Evidence - Contingent Dependencies, and Object and Meta Languages - Reality Checking For Quality Control - Towards the Learning Web

Language

e

RSWK

E-Learning / Computerunterstütztes Lernen

Subject

E-Learning / Computerunterstütztes Lernen

0.009518629 = product of:
  0.0999456 = sum of:
    0.09300912 = sum of:
      0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 4341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0035059634 = score(doc=4341,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 4341, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4341)
      0.08950316 = weight(_text_:learning in 4341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.08950316 = score(doc=4341,freq=14.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.7830957 = fieldWeight in 4341, product of:
            3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
              14.0 = termFreq=14.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4341)
    0.006936479 = product of:
      0.020809436 = sum of:
        0.020809436 = weight(_text_:22 in 4341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020809436 = score(doc=4341,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.08964148 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4341, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4341)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Undergraduates were tested to establish how they searched databases, the effectiveness of their searches and their satisfaction with them. The students' cognitive and learning styles were determined by the Lancaster Approaches to Studying Inventory and Riding's Cognitive Styles Analysis tests. There were significant differences in the searching behaviour and the effectiveness of the searches carried out by students with different learning and cognitive styles. Computer-assisted learning (CAL) packages were developed for three departments. The effectiveness of the packages were evaluated. Significant differences were found in the ways students with different learning styles used the packages. Based on the experience gained, guidelines for the teaching of information skills and the production and use of packages were prepared. About 2/3 of the searches had serious weaknesses, indicating a need for effective training. It appears that choice of searching strategies, search effectiveness and use of CAL packages are all affected by the cognitive and learning styles of the searcher. Therefore, students should be made aware of their own styles and, if appropriate, how to adopt more effective strategies

Language

e

Source

Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.2, S.79-92

0.008271066 = product of:
  0.08684619 = sum of:
    0.052766625 = sum of:
      0.002337309 = weight(_text_:e in 4397) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.002337309 = score(doc=4397,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.063523374 = fieldWeight in 4397, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4397)
      0.050429314 = weight(_text_:learning in 4397) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.050429314 = score(doc=4397,freq=10.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.44122443 = fieldWeight in 4397, product of:
            3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
              10.0 = termFreq=10.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4397)
    0.034079563 = weight(_text_:web in 4397) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.034079563 = score(doc=4397,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.4079388 = fieldWeight in 4397, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4397)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review recent developments in educational informatics relating to the provision by information systems of pedagogical support to web-based learners, and to propose further investigation of the feasibility and potential value of web-based "conversational" information systems to complement adaptive hypermedia and information retrieval systems. Design/methodology/approach - The potential of Pask's conversation theory is considered as a potentially useful framework for the development of information systems capable of providing pedagogical support for web-based learners, complementary to that provided by existing computer-assisted learning and adaptive hypermedia systems. The potential role and application of entailment meshes are reviewed in relation to other forms of knowledge representation including classifications, semantic networks, ontologies and representations based on knowledge space theory. Findings - Concludes that conversation theory could be a useful framework to support the development of web-based "conversational" information that would complement aspects of computer-assisted learning, adaptive hypermedia and information retrieval systems. The entailment mesh knowledge representation associated with conversation theory provides the potential for providing particularly rich pedagogical support by virtue of its properties of cyclicity, consistency and connectivity, designed to support deep and enduring levels of understanding. Research limitations/implications - Although based on a considerable body of theoretical and empirical work relating to conversation theory, the paper remains speculative in that the gap is still great between, on the one hand, what has so far been achieved and, on the other, the practical realisation of its potential to enhance web-based learning. Much work remains to be done in terms of exploring the extent to which procedures developed and benefits found in relatively small-scale experimental contexts can effectively be scaled to yield enhanced support for "real world" learning-related information behaviour. Originality/value - The ideas of Pask, discussed in this paper, are capable of guiding the structuring of information according to parameters designed to facilitate deep and enduring understanding via interactive "conversational" engagement between the conceptual structures of information source authors and learners. If one can scale Pask's work to "real world" learning-related information behaviour, one can increase the range of web-based information systems and services capable of providing pedagogical support to web-based learners.

Language

e

0.007460088 = product of:
  0.052220613 = sum of:
    0.0010225727 = product of:
      0.0020451455 = sum of:
        0.0020451455 = weight(_text_:e in 1255) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0020451455 = score(doc=1255,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.05558295 = fieldWeight in 1255, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1255)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.010542828 = weight(_text_:web in 1255) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.010542828 = score(doc=1255,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.12619963 = fieldWeight in 1255, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1255)
    0.04065521 = weight(_text_:log in 1255) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04065521 = score(doc=1255,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.16405088 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4086204 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.24782073 = fieldWeight in 1255, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.4086204 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1255)
  0.14285715 = coord(3/21)

Abstract

As digital libraries become a major source of information for many people, we need to know more about how people seek and retrieve information in digital environments. Quite commonly, users with a problem-at-hand and associated question-in-mind repeatedly search a literature for answers, and seek information in stages over extended periods from a variety of digital information resources. The process of repeatedly searching over time in relation to a specific, but possibly an evolving information problem (including changes or shifts in a variety of variables), is called the successive search phenomenon. The study outlined in this paper is currently investigating this new and little explored line of inquiry for information retrieval, Web searching, and digital libraries. The purpose of the research project is to investigate the nature, manifestations, and behavior of successive searching by users in digital environments, and to derive criteria for use in the design of information retrieval interfaces and systems supporting successive searching behavior. This study includes two related projects. The first project is based in the School of Library and Information Sciences at the University of North Texas and is funded by a National Science Foundation POWRE Grant <http://www.nsf.gov/cgi-bin/show?award=9753277>. The second project is based at the Department of Information Studies at the University of Sheffield (UK) and is funded by a grant from the British Library <http://www.shef. ac.uk/~is/research/imrg/uncerty.html> Research and Innovation Center. The broad objectives of each project are to examine the nature and extent of successive search episodes in digital environments by real users over time. The specific aim of the current project is twofold: * To characterize progressive changes and shifts that occur in: user situational context; user information problem; uncertainty reduction; user cognitive styles; cognitive and affective states of the user, and consequently in their queries; and * To characterize related changes over time in the type and use of information resources and search strategies particularly related to given capabilities of IR systems, and IR search engines, and examine changes in users' relevance judgments and criteria, and characterize their differences. The study is an observational, longitudinal data collection in the U.S. and U.K. Three questionnaires are used to collect data: reference, client post search and searcher post search questionnaires. Each successive search episode with a search intermediary for textual materials on the DIALOG Information Service is audiotaped and search transaction logs are recorded. Quantitative analysis includes statistical analysis using Likert scale data from the questionnaires and log-linear analysis of sequential data. Qualitative methods include: content analysis, structuring taxonomies; and diagrams to describe shifts and transitions within and between each search episode. Outcomes of the study are the development of appropriate model(s) for IR interactions in successive search episodes and the derivation of a set of design criteria for interfaces and systems supporting successive searching.

Language

e

0.0065808548 = product of:
  0.06909897 = sum of:
    0.06209953 = sum of:
      0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 6890) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0035059634 = score(doc=6890,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 6890, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6890)
      0.058593567 = weight(_text_:learning in 6890) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.058593567 = score(doc=6890,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.51265645 = fieldWeight in 6890, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6890)
    0.0069994433 = product of:
      0.020998329 = sum of:
        0.020998329 = weight(_text_:29 in 6890) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020998329 = score(doc=6890,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.09004741 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5176873 = idf(docFreq=3565, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.23319192 = fieldWeight in 6890, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5176873 = idf(docFreq=3565, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6890)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

How postings information is used for inverted file searching was investigated by comparing searches, made by postgraduate students at the Dept. of Information Studies, of the LISA database on CD-ROM with and without postings information. Performance (the number of relevant references, precision and recall) was not significantly different but searches with postings information took more time, and more sets were viewed, than in searches without postings. Postings information was used to make decisions to narrow or broaden the search; to view or print the references. The same techniques were used to amend searches whether or not postings information was available. Users decided that a search was satisfactory on the basis of the search results, and consequently many searches done without postings were still considered satisfactory. However, searchers thought that the lack of postings information had affected 90% of their searches. Differences in search performance and searching behaviour were found in participants who were shown to have different learning styles using the Witkin's Embedded Figures test and the Lancaster Short Inventory of Approaches to Learning Test. These differences were, in part, explained by the differences in behaviour indicated by their learning styles

Language

e

Source

Journal of information science. 20(1994) no.1, S.29-40

0.0039535547 = product of:
  0.08302465 = sum of:
    0.08302465 = sum of:
      0.004090291 = weight(_text_:e in 4438) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.004090291 = score(doc=4438,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.1111659 = fieldWeight in 4438, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4438)
      0.07893436 = weight(_text_:learning in 4438) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.07893436 = score(doc=4438,freq=8.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.6906254 = fieldWeight in 4438, product of:
            2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
              8.0 = termFreq=8.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4438)
  0.04761905 = coord(1/21)

Abstract

Based on a review of constructs that have been the subject of both educational and information science research, a model of learning-related information behaviour is developed. The model details components of such behaviour, including: basic information processes, information processing types and information processing approaches; and factors affecting information behaviour relating to educational environments (in particular, learning objectives) and mental (including cognitive and affective) states. The complexity of information needs and associated relevance judgements implied by the model are discussed, as are implications for the provision of cognitively and affectively ergonomic access to information, and for research into learning-related information behaviour.

Language

e

0.0034499743 = product of:
  0.07244946 = sum of:
    0.07244946 = sum of:
      0.004090291 = weight(_text_:e in 3899) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.004090291 = score(doc=3899,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.1111659 = fieldWeight in 3899, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3899)
      0.06835917 = weight(_text_:learning in 3899) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.06835917 = score(doc=3899,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.59809923 = fieldWeight in 3899, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3899)
  0.04761905 = coord(1/21)

Abstract

Reports on 4 experiments conducted at Sheffield University, Department of Information Studies, UK, into cognitive models which illuminate how people learn using electronic media. The experiments dealt with: learning strategies in an unconstrained electronic environment, in a hypertext environment, and in database searching, and matching and mismatching learning styles. Discusses the positive or negative implications for the design of electronic learning materials suggested by these experiments

Language

e

0.003388761 = product of:
  0.07116398 = sum of:
    0.07116398 = sum of:
      0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 4261) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0035059634 = score(doc=4261,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 4261, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4261)
      0.06765802 = weight(_text_:learning in 4261) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.06765802 = score(doc=4261,freq=8.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.59196466 = fieldWeight in 4261, product of:
            2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
              8.0 = termFreq=8.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4261)
  0.04761905 = coord(1/21)

Abstract

Proposes the development of an 'intelligent document' as a key component of the future electronic library; in which the intelligent documents in a library collection may be thought of as the ability of documents or a collection of documents to adapt to differing characteristics of individual information seekers and users. Proposes the sort of intelligent document that could: identify particular learning strategies being used by individual users; classify them in terms of a model of learning capable of making explicit relationships between strategies, individual differences, learning tasks, and learning outcomes; and offer, on the basis of this model, individualized strategic advice (or take individualized strategic action) relating to how the user might most productively go forward. Describes results obtained during the study, conducted at the Department of Information Studies, Sheffield University, UK, involving PRECIS documents, fuzzy data analysis and artificial neural networks

Language

e

0.0033465377 = product of:
  0.035138644 = sum of:
    0.0014608182 = product of:
      0.0029216364 = sum of:
        0.0029216364 = weight(_text_:e in 2842) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0029216364 = score(doc=2842,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.07940422 = fieldWeight in 2842, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2842)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.033677828 = weight(_text_:web in 2842) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.033677828 = score(doc=2842,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.40312994 = fieldWeight in 2842, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2842)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe: a new taxonomy of metacognitive skills designed to support the study of metacognition in the context of web searching; a data collection instrument based on the taxonomy; and the results of testing the instrument on a sample of university students and staff. Design/methodology/approach - The taxonomy is based on a review of the literature, and is extended to cover web searching. This forms the basis for the design of the data collection instrument, which is tested with 405 students and staff of Sheffield University. Findings - Subjects regard the range of metacognitive skills focused on as broadly similar. However, a number of significant differences in reported metacognition usage relating to age, gender and discipline. Practical implications - These findings contribute to the long-term aims of the research which are to: develop a model of the actual and potential role of metacognition in web searching, and identify strategic "metacognitive interventions" that can be built into an intelligent information retrieval system, driven by the model, capable of enhancing retrieval effectiveness by compensating for metacognitive weaknesses on the part of the searcher. Originality/value - The value of the paper lies in: the consideration of metacognition in the context of web searching, the presentation of an extensible taxonomy of metacognitive skills, development and testing of a prototype metacognitive inventory, finding of significant differences in reported metacognition usage according to age, gender and discipline, and reflection of the implications of the results for future research into web searching.

Language

e

0.0031482915 = product of:
  0.03305706 = sum of:
    0.0017529817 = product of:
      0.0035059634 = sum of:
        0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 3475) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0035059634 = score(doc=3475,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 3475, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3475)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.03130408 = weight(_text_:web in 3475) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03130408 = score(doc=3475,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.37471575 = fieldWeight in 3475, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3475)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

The research reported here was an exploratory study that sought to discover the effects of human individual differences an Web search strategy. These differences consisted of (a) study approaches, (b) cognitive and demographic features, and (c) perceptions of and preferred approaches to Web-based information seeking. Sixtyeight master's students used AItaVista to search for information an three assigned search topics graded in terms of complexity. Five hundred seven search queries were factor analyzed to identify relationships between the individual difference variables and Boolean and best-match search strategies. A number of consistent patterns of relationship were found. As task complexity increased, a number of strategic shifts were also observed an the part of searchers possessing particular combinations of characteristics. A second article (published in this issue of JASIST; Ford, Miller, & Moss, 2005) presents a combined analyses of the data including a series of regression analyses.

Language

e

0.0031482915 = product of:
  0.03305706 = sum of:
    0.0017529817 = product of:
      0.0035059634 = sum of:
        0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 4472) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0035059634 = score(doc=4472,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 4472, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4472)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.03130408 = weight(_text_:web in 4472) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03130408 = score(doc=4472,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.37471575 = fieldWeight in 4472, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4472)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

This paper reports the results of a study funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Board which sought to investigate links between Web search strategies and retrieval effectiveness. A total of 68 students, enrolled on masters programmes in librarianship, information management and information systems, searched for two topics using the AltaVista search engine. Logs of the resultant 341 queries, along with relevance judgements for over 4,000 retrieved items, were analysed using factor analysis and regression. The differing but complementary types and strengths of evidence produced by these two forms of analysis are discussed and presented. Retrieval effectiveness was associated positively with best-match searching and negatively with Boolean searching. The implications of these findings for Web searching are discussed.

Language

e

0.0030347398 = product of:
  0.031864766 = sum of:
    0.0020451455 = product of:
      0.004090291 = sum of:
        0.004090291 = weight(_text_:e in 4714) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.004090291 = score(doc=4714,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.1111659 = fieldWeight in 4714, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4714)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.029819619 = weight(_text_:web in 4714) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029819619 = score(doc=4714,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.35694647 = fieldWeight in 4714, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4714)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

For the purposes of this article, the indexing of information is interpreted as the pre-processing of information in order to enable its retrieval. The definition thus spans a dimension extending from classification-based approaches (pre-co-ordinate) to keyword searching (post-co-ordinate). In the first section we clarify our use of terminology, by briefly describing a framework for modelling IR systems in terms of sets of objects, relationships and functions. In the following 3 sections, we discuss the application of indexing functions to document collections of 3 specific types: (1) 'conventional' text databases; (2) hypertext databases; and (3) the World Wide Web, globally distributed across the Internet

Language

e

0.0029221356 = product of:
  0.030682424 = sum of:
    0.0011686545 = product of:
      0.002337309 = sum of:
        0.002337309 = weight(_text_:e in 608) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.002337309 = score(doc=608,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.063523374 = fieldWeight in 608, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=608)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.029513769 = weight(_text_:web in 608) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029513769 = score(doc=608,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.35328537 = fieldWeight in 608, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=608)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to report an empirical investigation into conceptions of the "invisible web". Design/methodology/approach - This was an exploratory qualitative study based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 members of academic staff from three biology-related departments at the University of Sheffield. Concepts emerged from an inductive analysis of the interview data to form a tentative model. Findings - A distinction is drawn between technical objective conceptions of the "invisible web" that commonly appear in the literature, and a cognitive subjective conception based on searchers' perceptions of search failure, and a tentative model of "cognitive invisibility" is presented. The relationship between objective and subjective conceptions, and implications for training, are discussed. Research limitations/implications - The research was qualitative and exploratory, designed to elicit sensitising concepts and to "map the territory". It thus aims to provide a tentative model that could form the basis for more systematic study. Such research could investigate the validity of the categories in different and/or larger samples, seek further to illuminate, challenge, extend or refute the model, and address issues of generalisability. Practical implications - The paper presents a conceptual model that is intended to be a useful reference point for researchers wishing to investigate user-based aspects of search failure and the invisible web. It may also be useful to trainers and those interested in developing information literacy, in that it differentiates technical objective and cognitive subjective conceptions of "invisibility, and discusses the implications for helping searchers develop more effective searching capabilities. Originality/value - The paper offers an alternative cognitive subjective view of "web invisibility" to that more commonly presented in the literature. It contributes to a still small body of empirical research into user-based aspects of the invisible web.

Language

e

0.0029221356 = product of:
  0.030682424 = sum of:
    0.0011686545 = product of:
      0.002337309 = sum of:
        0.002337309 = weight(_text_:e in 841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.002337309 = score(doc=841,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.063523374 = fieldWeight in 841, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=841)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.029513769 = weight(_text_:web in 841) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029513769 = score(doc=841,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.35328537 = fieldWeight in 841, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=841)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - This paper aims to examine our current knowledge of how searchers perceive and react to the possibility of missing potentially important information whilst searching the web is limited. The study reported here seeks to investigate such perceptions and reactions, and to explore the extent to which Simon's "bounded rationality" theory is useful in illuminating these issues. Design/methodology/approach - Totally 37 academic staff, research staff and research students in three university departments were interviewed about their web searching. The open-ended, semi-structured interviews were inductively analysed. Emergence of the concept of "good enough" searching prompted a further analysis to explore the extent to which the data could be interpreted in terms of Simon's concepts of "bounded rationality" and "satisficing". Findings - The results indicate that the risk of missing potentially important information was a matter of concern to the interviewees. Their estimations of the likely extent and importance of missed information affected decisions by individuals as to when to stop searching - decisions based on very different criteria, which map well onto Simon's concepts. On the basis of the interview data, the authors propose tentative categorizations of perceptions of the risk of missing information including "inconsequential" "tolerable" "damaging" and "disastrous" and search strategies including "perfunctory" "minimalist" "nervous" and "extensive". It is concluded that there is at least a prima facie case for bounded rationality and satisficing being considered as potentially useful concepts in our quest better to understand aspects of human information behaviour. Research limitations/implications - Although the findings are based on a relatively small sample and an exploratory qualitative analysis, it is argued that the study raises a number of interesting questions, and has implications for both the development of theory and practice in the areas of web searching and information literacy. Originality/value - The paper focuses on an aspect of web searching which has not to date been well explored. Whilst research has done much to illuminate searchers' perceptions of what they find on the web, we know relatively little of their perceptions of, and reactions to information that they fail to find. The study reported here provides some tentative models, based on empirical evidence, of these phenomena.

Language

e

0.0026012051 = product of:
  0.027312653 = sum of:
    0.0017529817 = product of:
      0.0035059634 = sum of:
        0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 3476) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0035059634 = score(doc=3476,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 3476, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3476)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.025559671 = weight(_text_:web in 3476) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.025559671 = score(doc=3476,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.3059541 = fieldWeight in 3476, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3476)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

This is the second of two articles published in this issue of JASIST reporting the results of a study investigating relationships between Web search strategies and a range of human individual differences. In this article we provide a combined analysis of the factor analyses previously presented separately in relation to each of three groups of human individual difference (study approaches, cognitive and demographic features, and perceptions of and approaches to Internet-based information seeking). It also introduces two series of regression analyses conducted an data spanning all three individual difference groups. The results are discussed in terms of the extent to which they satisfy the original aim of this exploratory research, namely to identify any relationships between search strategy and individual difference variables for which there is a prima facie case for more focused systematic study. It is argued that a number of such relationships do exist. The results of the project are summarized and suggestions are made for further research.

Language

e

0.0026012051 = product of:
  0.027312653 = sum of:
    0.0017529817 = product of:
      0.0035059634 = sum of:
        0.0035059634 = weight(_text_:e in 1330) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0035059634 = score(doc=1330,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.09528506 = fieldWeight in 1330, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1330)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.025559671 = weight(_text_:web in 1330) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.025559671 = score(doc=1330,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.3059541 = fieldWeight in 1330, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1330)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

This article reports on the development of a novel method for the analysis of Web logs. The method uses techniques that look for similarities between queries and identify sequences of query transformation. It allows sequences of query transformations to be represented as graphical networks, thereby giving a richer view of search behavior than is possible with the usual sequential descriptions. We also perform a basic analysis to study the correlations between observed transformation codes, with results that appear to show evidence of behavior habits. The method was developed using transaction logs from the Excite search engine to provide a tool for an ongoing research project that is endeavoring to develop a greater understanding of Web-based searching by the general public.

Language

e

0.0024642674 = product of:
  0.051749613 = sum of:
    0.051749613 = sum of:
      0.0029216364 = weight(_text_:e in 2420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0029216364 = score(doc=2420,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.07940422 = fieldWeight in 2420, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2420)
      0.048827976 = weight(_text_:learning in 2420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.048827976 = score(doc=2420,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.42721373 = fieldWeight in 2420, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2420)
  0.04761905 = coord(1/21)

Abstract

The primary aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the absence of postings information on online searches and searching behaviour and these results were reported in Journal of information science 20(1994) no.1. The secondary aim, reported here, was to assess the cognitive styles of the participants to ensure that the population was sufficiently vareid in this respect and to investigate possible correlations between cognitive ability and searching behaviour. Throughout the project, searches were made by postgraduates at the department of information studies, University of Sheffield using the LISA database on CD-ROM. A total of 67 searchers carried out 275 searches, both with and without postings information. Reports significant differences in both searching behaviour and search outcomes obtained by those with different learning styles, with and without postings information. Significant correlations were found between cognitice styles and online searching. Searchers characterized by different learning styles tend to adopt different search strategies and strategies associated with comprehension and operation learning styles result in qualitatively different searching performance. Searching approaches associated with a versatile style are the most effective. Making feedback in the form of postings available enables comprehension and operation learners, and field independent searchers, to change their apporach in qualitatively different ways. Other findings are reported and discussed

Language

e

0.0024063378 = product of:
  0.025266545 = sum of:
    0.0011686545 = product of:
      0.002337309 = sum of:
        0.002337309 = weight(_text_:e in 840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.002337309 = score(doc=840,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.063523374 = fieldWeight in 840, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=840)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.02409789 = weight(_text_:web in 840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02409789 = score(doc=840,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.2884563 = fieldWeight in 840, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=840)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - This paper reports the findings of a study designed to explore web searchers' perceptions of the causes of their search failure and success. In particular, it seeks to discover the extent to which the constructs locus of control and attribution theory might provide useful frameworks for understanding searchers' perceptions. Design/methodology/approach - A combination of inductive and deductive approaches were employed. Perceptions of failed and successful searches were derived from the inductive analysis of using open-ended qualitative interviews with a sample of 37 biologists at the University of Sheffield. These perceptions were classified into "internal" and "external" attributions, and the relationships between these categories and "successful" and "failed" searches were analysed deductively to test the extent to which they might be explainable using locus of control and attribution theory interpretive frameworks. Findings - All searchers were readily able to recall "successful" and "unsuccessful" searches. In a large majority of cases (82.4 per cent), they clearly attributed each search to either internal (e.g. ability or effort) or external (e.g. luck or information not being available) factors. The pattern of such relationships was analysed, and mapped onto those that would be predicted by locus of control and attribution theory. The authors conclude that the potential of these theoretical frameworks to illuminate one's understanding of web searching, and associated training, merits further systematic study. Research limitations/implications - The findings are based on a relatively small sample of academic and research staff in a particular subject area. Importantly, also, the study can at best provide a prima facie case for further systematic study since, although the patterns of attribution behaviour accord with those predictable by locus of control and attribution theory, data relating to the predictive elements of these theories (e.g. levels of confidence and achievement) were not available. This issue is discussed, and recommendations made for further work. Originality/value - The findings provide some empirical support for the notion that locus of control and attribution theory might - subject to the limitations noted above - be potentially useful theoretical frameworks for helping us better understand web-based information seeking. If so, they could have implications particularly for better understanding of searchers' motivations, and for the design and development of more effective search training programmes.

Language

e

0.002167671 = product of:
  0.022760546 = sum of:
    0.0014608182 = product of:
      0.0029216364 = sum of:
        0.0029216364 = weight(_text_:e in 3607) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0029216364 = score(doc=3607,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02559847 = queryNorm
            0.07940422 = fieldWeight in 3607, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3607)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    0.021299727 = weight(_text_:web in 3607) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021299727 = score(doc=3607,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.08354087 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.02559847 = queryNorm
        0.25496176 = fieldWeight in 3607, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3607)
  0.0952381 = coord(2/21)

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of a number of human individual differences on the web searching of a sample of the general public. Design/methodology/approach - In total, 91 members of the general public performed 195 controlled searches. Search activity and ratings of search difficulty and success were recorded and statistically analysed. The study was exploratory, and sought to establish whether there is a prima facie case for further systematic investigation of the selection and combination of variables studied here. Findings - Results revealed a number of interactions between individual differences, the use of different search strategies, and levels of perceived search difficulty and success. The findings also suggest that the open and closed nature of searches may affect these interactions. A conceptual model of these relationships is presented. Practical implications - Better understanding of factors affecting searching may help one to develop more effective search support, whether in the form of personalised search interfaces and mechanisms, adaptive systems, training or help systems. However, the findings reveal a complexity and variability suggesting that there is little immediate prospect of developing any simple model capable of driving such systems. Originality/value - There are several areas of this research that make it unique: the study's focus on a sample of the general public; its use of search logs linked to personal data; its development of a novel search strategy classifier; its temporal modelling of how searches are transformed over time; and its illumination of four different types of experienced searcher, linked to different search behaviours and outcomes.

Language

e

0.0020741653 = product of:
  0.04355747 = sum of:
    0.04355747 = sum of:
      0.004090291 = weight(_text_:e in 4260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.004090291 = score(doc=4260,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.036794472 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.1111659 = fieldWeight in 4260, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            1.43737 = idf(docFreq=28552, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4260)
      0.03946718 = weight(_text_:learning in 4260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03946718 = score(doc=4260,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.11429402 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.02559847 = queryNorm
          0.3453127 = fieldWeight in 4260, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            4.464877 = idf(docFreq=1382, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4260)
  0.04761905 = coord(1/21)

Abstract

Describes an experiment conducted with 30 post graduate information science and librarianship students to discover how they might go about learning from an ideal database. A system was created which preserved the characteristics of a computer based environment, yet which freed itself from the constraints of current technology. The students were, in fact, interacting via computer screen with 2 human expert backed up with appropriate computer files and documentation. Results suggest a number of different information accessing strategies linked to relatively successful and less successful retrieval. Discusses the implications of the results for the design of computerized information retrieval systems

Language

e