Search (196 results, page 1 of 10)

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Abstract

This paper is about search of photos in photo databases of agencies which sell photos over the Internet. The problem is far from the behavior of photo databases managed by librarians and also far from the corpora generally used for research purposes. The descriptions use mainly single words and it is well known that it is not the best way to have a good search. This increases the problem of semantic ambiguity. This problem of semantic ambiguity is crucial for cross-language querying. On the other hand, users are not aware of documentation techniques and use generally very simple queries but want to get precise answers. This paper gives the experience gained in a 3 year use (2006-2008) of a cross-language access to several of the main international commercial photo databases. The languages used were French, English, and German.

Date

17. 4.2012 14:25:22

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Content

Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdelab.csd.auth.gr%2F~dimitris%2Fcourses%2Fir_spring06%2Fpage_rank_computing%2Fp527-li.pdf. Vgl. auch: http://www2002.org/CDROM/refereed/643/.

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Abstract

Presents a novel method to extract from a web object its hyper informative content, in contrast with current search engines, which only deal with the textual information content. This method is not only valuable per se, but it is shown to be able to considerably increase the precision of current search engines. It integrates with existing search engine technology since it can be implemented on top of every search engine, acting as a post-processor, thus automatically transforming a search engine into its corresponding hyper version. Shows how the hyper information can be usefully employed to face the search engines persuasion problem

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

Describes a search engine that integrate text and image search. 1 or more Web site can be indexed for both textual and image information, allowing the user to search based on keywords or images or both. Another problem with the current search engines is that they show the results as pages of scrolled lists; this is not very user-friendly. The search engine allows the user to visualise to results in various ways. Explains the indexing and searching techniques of the search engine and highlights several features of the querying interface to make the retrieval process more efficient. Use examples to show the usefulness of the technology

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Abstract

Bilal, in this third part of her Yahooligans! study looks at children's performance with self-generated search tasks, as compared to previously assigned search tasks looking for differences in success, cognitive behavior, physical behavior, and task preference. Lotus ScreenCam was used to record interactions and post search interviews to record impressions. The subjects, the same 22 seventh grade children in the previous studies, generated topics of interest that were mediated with the researcher into more specific topics where necessary. Fifteen usable sessions form the basis of the study. Eleven children were successful in finding information, a rate of 73% compared to 69% in assigned research questions, and 50% in assigned fact-finding questions. Eighty-seven percent began using one or two keyword searches. Spelling was a problem. Successful children made fewer keyword searches and the number of search moves averaged 5.5 as compared to 2.4 on the research oriented task and 3.49 on the factual. Backtracking and looping were common. The self-generated task was preferred by 47% of the subjects.

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Abstract

The explosion of the information available on the Internet has made traditional information retrieval systems, characterized by one size fits all approaches, less effective. Indeed, users are overwhelmed by the information delivered by such systems in response to their queries, particularly when the latter are ambiguous. In order to tackle this problem, the state-of-the-art reveals that there is a growing interest towards contextual information retrieval (CIR) which relies on various sources of evidence issued from the user's search background and environment, in order to improve the retrieval accuracy. This chapter focuses on mobile context, highlights challenges they present for IR, and gives an overview of CIR approaches applied in this environment. Then, the authors present an approach to personalize search results for mobile users by exploiting both cognitive and spatio-temporal contexts. The experimental evaluation undertaken in front of Yahoo search shows that the approach improves the quality of top search result lists and enhances search result precision.

Date

20. 4.2012 13:19:22

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Abstract

The explosive growth of the Web and the consequent exigency of the Web personalization domain have gained a key position in the direction of customization of the Web information to the needs of specific users, taking advantage of the knowledge acquired from the analysis of the user's navigational behavior (usage data) in correlation with other information collected in the Web context, namely, structure, content, and user profile data. This work presents an agent-based framework designed to help a user in achieving personalized navigation, by recommending related documents according to the user's responses in similar-pages searching mode. Our agent-based approach is grounded in the integration of different techniques and methodologies into a unique platform featuring user profiling, fuzzy multisets, proximity-oriented fuzzy clustering, and knowledge-based discovery technologies. Each of these methodologies serves to solve one facet of the general problem (discovering documents relevant to the user by searching the Web) and is treated by specialized agents that ultimately achieve the final functionality through cooperation and task distribution.

Date

22. 7.2006 16:59:13

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Abstract

The World Wide Web is a popular and interactive medium used to collect, disseminate, and access an increasingly huge amount of information, which constitutes the mainstay of the so-called information and knowledge society. Because of its spectacular growth, related to both Web resources (pages, sites, and services) and number of users, the Web is nowadays the main information repository and provides some automatic systems for locating, accessing, and retrieving information. However, an open and crucial question remains: how to provide fast and effective retrieval of the information relevant to specific users' needs. This is a very hard and complex task, since it is pervaded with subjectivity, vagueness, and uncertainty. The expression soft computing refers to techniques and methodologies that work synergistically with the aim of providing flexible information processing tolerant of imprecision, vagueness, partial truth, and approximation. So, soft computing represents a good candidate to design effective systems for information access and retrieval on the Web. One of the most representative tools of soft computing is fuzzy set theory. This special topic section collects research articles witnessing some recent advances in improving the processes of information access and retrieval on the Web by using soft computing tools, and in particular, by using fuzzy sets and/or integrating them with other soft computing tools. In this introductory article, we first review the problem of Web retrieval and the concept of soft computing technology. We then briefly introduce the articles in this section and conclude by highlighting some future research directions that could benefit from the use of soft computing technologies.

Date

22. 7.2006 16:59:33

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Date

7. 2.1996 22:38:41

Pages

22 S

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Date

22. 8.1999 20:22:06

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Date

22. 8.1999 21:22:59

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Abstract

Resource discovery is the problem of locating, and keeping track of, documents and other resources available on the Internet. Investigates some of the techniques that are currently being employed to help solve this problem. These include manually created catalogue records, centralized robot indexes, distributed indexing technology and author supplied metadata

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Date

27.11.2005 18:04:22

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Content

Bei der Suche +Dell +Notebook -Pentium konnte Beta-MSN glänzen: Acht von zehn Treffern lieferten Informationen zu Dell-Notebooks ohne Pentium-Prozessor. Bei Google waren es nur sieben. Dann prüften wir weitere Operatoren. Die Anführungszeichen für einen genauen Ausdruck beherrschten alle Roboter fehlerfrei. Boolesche Operatoren wiederum können nur Beta-MSN, Yahoo und Web.de. Diese Suchhilfen werden zwar selten verwendet, liefern aber präzise Ergebnisse zu komplexen Fragestellungen -wenn die Suchmaschine die Syntax fehlerfrei beherrscht. Hier scheint BetaMSN noch zu schwächeln, den es kam zu drei Fehlern. Die nächsten Suchabfragen zielten auf Spam und Dialer: "last minute" "La Palma" und "bauanleitung vogelhäuschen" Es zeigte sich, dass alle Roboter mit Spam zu kämpfen haben, Beta-MSN vorneweg. Bauanleitungen stecken besonders gerne hinter Dialern, und so waren die ersten drei Google-Treffer kostenpflichtig (z.B. 29 Euro). Immerhin förderte Google fünf richtige Seiten hervor. Beta-MSN fand nur vier Seiten - alle unbrauchbar. Mit den letzten drei Fragen testeten wir die Aktualität der Ergebnisse. Als schwierige Testfrage stellte sich Schröder China heraus. Der erste Google-Treffer berichtet gleich von der Schröder-Reise - aber von der aus dem Jahr 2003. Denn der Kanzler reist traditionell jedes Jahr im Dezember nach China. Immerhin finden wir bei Google fünf Seiten zur aktuellen Chinafahrt, ebenso bei BetaMSN, je zwei bei Yahoo und Alt-MSN sowie drei bei Web.de. Bei der Eingabe merkel "cdu-parteitag" konnte Google nun wieder glänzen und warf zehn Treffer zum Dezember-Treffen in Düsseldorf aus. Beta-MSN kam nur auf vier. Vier weitere Seiten berichten von gar keinem Parteitag. Bei Beta-MSN tritt auffällig häufig das Problem auf (nicht nur bei dieser Suche), dass der Roboter Übersichtsseiten von Nachrichten indiziert. Zum Beispiel erschien häufiger www. spiegel.de/politik/deutschland. Doch diese Seite ändert sich stündlich. Wenn dort heute auf einen Artikel über den Parteitag hingewiesen wird, ist er morgen verschwunden. Beta-MSN müsste vielmehr die Artikel selbst in die Datenbank nehmen - so wie Google. Das angesprochene Problem ändert sich auch dann nicht, wenn der Anwender den Aktualitätsschieber hoch stellt. Denn Beta-MSN bietet die einzigartige Möglichkeit, in die Relevanz der Suche eingreifen zu können. Im Suchassistenten gibt der Anwender vor, ob ihm Aktualität, Popularität oder Präzision wichtig ist. Geholfen hat es in diesem Fall nicht. Inzwischen hat MSN ein Such-Tool für den Desktop vorgestellt. Auch hier ist Google ein Vorbild. Fazit Bislang kann sich die Beta noch nicht von anderen Suchmaschinen abheben. Sie liegt in puncto Relevanz, Präzision und Aktualität im Mittelfeld (siehe Tabelle), was an sich kein schlechter Start ist. Meist sind ihre Ergebnisse besser als die von Alt-MSN, aber noch weit von denen von Google entfernt. Links auf Seiten, die es nicht mehr gibt (Fehler 404), traten bei Beta-MSN gar nicht auf. Das spricht dafür, dass der Roboter den Index oft erneuert. Ein endgültiges Urteil schließt sich an dieser Stelle aus, denn es handelt sich um eine BetaVersion. Deswegen auch kein Test und keine Noten."

Date

22. 1.2005 17:11:04

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Content

Lizenzfreie Bilder mit einer Suchmaschine aufstöbern Im Internet gibt es fast auf jeder Website Bilder, die Sie im Browser auf Ihrer Festplatte speichern und in anderen Anwendungen weiterverarbeiten können. Entsprechend riesig ist das Gesamtangebot an Fotos, Grafiken und Clipart-Elementen. Allerdings dürfen Sie Grafikelemente, die in eine Website eingebaut sind, nur dann für eigene Zwecke einsetzen, wenn der Urheber das ausdrücklich gestattet. Diese Erlaubnis ist normalerweise mit einem Begriff wie "rechtefrei", "lizenzfrei", "zur freien Nutzung" oder -englischsprachig - "royalty-free" gekennzeichnet. Das Problem: Auf den meisten Websites finden Sie keine Urheberrechtshinweise zu den eingebetteten Bildern. Am einfachsten ist die Suche nach lizenzfreien Web-Bildern mit einer für Grafiken und Fotos optimierten Suchmaschine wie Google (www.google.de), Fotos.de (www. fotos.de) oder Picsearch (www.picsearch. com). Für die Foto-Indizierung verwenden Suchmaschinen normalerweise den Text auf der Web-Seite, auf der sich auch das betreffende Bild befindet. Dabei werden doppelte Fundstellen automatisch aussortiert und Bilder mit der höchsten Qualität an den Anfang der Ergebnisliste gestellt. In Google sind laut Betreiber derzeit 880 Millionen Grafiken registriert. Zum Bildersuchdienst gelangen Sie auf der Google-Startseite per Klick auf die Registerkarte "Bilder". Geben Sie einen oder mehrere Suchbegriffe - durch Leerzeichen getrennt - in das Suchfeld ein, und klicken Sie auf den Button "Google Suche". Die Fundstellenanzeige erfolgt in Form von Miniaturvorschaubildern. Ein Klick auf das gewünschte Motiv öffnet die Website mit dem Foto. Um eine Grafik auf Ihrer Festplatte abzuspeichern, klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste darauf und wählen anschlie ßend im Kontextmenü den Befehl "Bild speichern unter". Lizenzfreie Bilder oder ganze Online-Fotogalerien stöbern Sie auch ohne spezielle Bildersuchfunktion mit einer Standardrecherche in einer Suchmaschine wie Alltheweb (www.alltheweb.com) auf. Geben Sie dazu einen Begriff wie "Foto", "Bilder" oder "Picture" in Kombination mit "lizenzfrei" oder "royalty-free" in das Suchfeld der verwendeten Suchmaschine ein.

Date

22. 5.2005 10:06:58

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Das Erfolgsrezept von Google ist die ursprüngliche Suchsoftware Pagerank. Sie sucht mit atemberaubender Geschwindigkeit nicht nur nach Schlagworten, sondern auch nach Empfehlungen anderer Web-Seiten; ihrer Relevanz sowie ihrer Abfrage und listet sie danach auf. Jeder Link von außen, der auf eine Webseite verweist, wird als Votum für diese angerechnet. Je höher die Relevanz der verweisenden Webseite ist, desto mehr Gewicht hat ihre "Stimme". Dies hat allerdings auch zu viel Kritik geführt. Insbesondere deshalb, weil es möglich sein soll, die Ergebnisse einer Suche zu manipulieren. Das Werbeprogramm AdWords, bei dem Werbetreibende Kontext bezogen - also abhängig vom Suchbegriff - Anzeigen schälten, die am rechten Rand der Suchergebnisse auftauchen, sei von außen steuerbar, so Werbekunden. Ferner sollen auch bei den eigentlichen Suchergebnissen nicht immer die wirklich relevantesten an vorderster Stelle stehen, so die Kritiker. Laut Google wird die Technik ständig so verbessert, dass derartige Manipulationen kaum noch vorkommen können. Auch beim Jugendschutz muss sich bei Google noch einiges tun. Eine Internet-Recherche von Professor Marcel Machill von der Universität Leipzig ergab, dass die Eingabe des Begriffes "Teenies" den User zunächst auf pornographische Seiten führt. Doch laut Google will man auch dieses Problem schnellstmöglich beheben. Für Internet-User Thomas Schick ist die Kritik an Google allerdings nicht relevant. "Selbst wenn es so sein sollte, dass einige Ergebnisse weniger interessant für mich sind oder auf kommerzielle Webseiten führen - bei Google habe ich noch immer die größte Trefferquote, wenn ich im Netz recherchiere." Übrigens waren im Jahr 2004 die meist gesuchten Begriffe bei Google Routenplaner, Wetter und Telefonbuch."

Date

3. 5.1997 8:44:22

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Date

22. 6.2002 19:40:22

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Source

Computers in libraries. 19(1999) no.5, S.22-28

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Date

25. 8.2005 17:42:22

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Date

3. 5.1997 8:44:22