Search (7 results, page 1 of 1)

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Source

Neuroworlds: Gehirn - Geist - Kultur. Hrsg.: J. Fedrowitz u.a

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Abstract

Seit den Anfängen in den 50er Jahren haben die Forschungen zum Thema Computer und Gehirn einen beispiellosen Aufschwung erlebt. In der letzten Dekade unseres Jahrhunderts scheint das Gehirn zum Paradigma neuartiger lernfähiger und selbstorganisierender Systeme zu werden, die mit den programmierbaren Rechenmaschinen von einst nur noch bedingte Ähnlichkeit aufweisen. Kann man die Funktionsweise des menschlichen Gehirns überhaupt mit der eines Computers vergleichen? Was wissen wir über das Leben, und läßt sich dieses Wissen für die Konstruktion neuer, leistungsfähiger 'intelligenter' Systeme nutzen?

RSWK

Gehirn / Komplexes System / Dynamisches System / Neurobiologie (2314) (3214) (4123)

Subject

Gehirn / Komplexes System / Dynamisches System / Neurobiologie (2314) (3214) (4123)

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Abstract

Der Wissenschaftsphilosoph Klaus Mainzer (geb. 1947) forscht und lehrt an der Technischen Universität München und ist Direktor der Carl-Linde-Akademie. Bekannte von ihm verfasste Bücher sind "Leben als Maschine? - Von der Systembiologie zur Robotik und Künstlichen Intelligenz", "Der kreative Zufall - Wie das Neue in die Welt kommt" und "Komplexe Systeme und Nichtlineare Dynamik in Natur und Gesellschaft". 2014 erschien sein bislang jüngstes Werk "Die Berechnung der Welt - Von der Weltformel bis zu Big Data". Im Gespräch mit Reinhard Jellen bekennt er sich dazu, Grundlagen erklären zu wollen, und beklagt, dass Mathematiklehrer heute häufig keine Ahnung mehr von Physik haben.

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Date

17. 7.2002 19:22:51

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Date

31.12.1996 19:29:41

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Abstract

Knowledge representation, which is today used in database applications, artificial intelligence (AI), software engineering and many other disciplines of computer science has deep roots in logic and philosophy. In the beginning, there was Aristotle (384 bc-322 bc) who developed logic as a precise method for reasoning about knowledge. Syllogisms were introduced as formal patterns for representing special figures of logical deductions. According to Aristotle, the subject of ontology is the study of categories of things that exist or may exist in some domain. In modern times, Descartes considered the human brain as a store of knowledge representation. Recognition was made possible by an isomorphic correspondence between internal geometrical representations (ideae) and external situations and events. Leibniz was deeply influenced by these traditions. In his mathesis universalis, he required a universal formal language (lingua universalis) to represent human thinking by calculation procedures and to implement them by means of mechanical calculating machines. An ars iudicandi should allow every problem to be decided by an algorithm after representation in numeric symbols. An ars iveniendi should enable users to seek and enumerate desired data and solutions of problems. In the age of mechanics, knowledge representation was reduced to mechanical calculation procedures. In the twentieth century, computational cognitivism arose in the wake of Turing's theory of computability. In its functionalism, the hardware of a computer is related to the wetware of the human brain. The mind is understood as the software of a computer.