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  • × author_ss:"Belkin, N.J."
  1. Belkin, N.J.; Croft, W.B.: Retrieval techniques (1987) 0.03 
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    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.109-145
  2. Belkin, N.J.: ¬The problem of 'matching' in information retrieval (1980) 0.02 
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    Source
    Theory and application of information research. Proc. of the 2nd Int. Research Forum on Information Science, 3.-6.8.1977, Copenhagen. Ed.: O. Harbo u. L. Kajberg
  3. Belkin, N.J.: ¬The use of multiple information problem representation for information retrieval (1994) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the general issues of the effect and use of multiple representations of the same information problem, or topics, on information retrieval system performance. It has been known for some time that different representations of the same information problem retrieve different sets (or lists) of documents, both relevant and non-relevant. More recently, there have been a number of studies investigating the effects of combining, in various ways, such different representations, in order to try to get a single response from the information retrieval system which is better than that for any of the single representations. Discusses the rationale, both empirical and theoretical, for such an approach, and surveys the results of recent research projects in this area. All of them demonstrate the same phenomenon; the more representations one can combine, the better the retrieval performance. Discusses the implications of these results for information retrieval system design and information retrieval
    Source
    Proceedings of the 15th National Online Meeting 1994, New York, 10-12 May 1994. Ed. by M.E. Williams
  4. Belkin, N.J.: ¬An overview of results from Rutgers' investigations of interactive information retrieval (1998) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Over the last 4 years, the Information Interaction Laboratory at Rutgers' School of communication, Information and Library Studies has performed a series of investigations concerned with various aspects of people's interactions with advanced information retrieval (IR) systems. We have benn especially concerned with understanding not just what people do, and why, and with what effect, but also with what they would like to do, and how they attempt to accomplish it, and with what difficulties. These investigations have led to some quite interesting conclusions about the nature and structure of people's interactions with information, about support for cooperative human-computer interaction in query reformulation, and about the value of visualization of search results for supporting various forms of interaction with information. In this discussion, I give an overview of the research program and its projects, present representative results from the projects, and discuss some implications of these results for support of subject searching in information retrieval systems
    Date
    22. 9.1997 19:16:05
    Imprint
    Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
    Source
    Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
  5. Yuan, X. (J.); Belkin, N.J.: Applying an information-seeking dialogue model in an interactive information retrieval system (2014) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - People often engage in different information-seeking strategies (ISSs) within a single information-seeking episode. A critical concern for the design of information retrieval (IR) systems is how to provide support for these different behaviors in a manner which searchers can easily understand, navigate and use, as they move from one ISS to another. The purpose of this paper is to describe a dialogue structure that was implemented in an experimental IR system, in order to address this concern. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted a user-centered experiment to evaluate the IR systems. Participants were asked to search for information on two different task types, with four different topics per task, in both the experimental system and a baseline system emulating state-of-the-art IR systems. The authors report here the results related explicitly to the use of the experimental system's dialogue structure. Findings - For one of the task types, most participants followed the search steps as predicted in the dialogue structures, and those who did so completed the task in fewer moves. For the other task type, predicted order of moves was often not followed, but participants again used fewer moves when following the predicted order. Results demonstrate that the dialogue structures the authors designed indeed support effective human information behavior patterns in a variety of ways, and that searchers can effectively use a system which changes to support different ISSs. Originality/value - This study shows that it is both possible and beneficial, to design an IR system which can support multiple ISSs, and that such a system can be understood and used successfully.
    Date
    6. 4.2015 19:22:59
    Source
    Journal of documentation. 70(2014) no.5, S.829-855
  6. Yuan, X.; Belkin, N.J.: Investigating information retrieval support techniques for different information-seeking strategies (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    We report on a study that investigated the efficacy of four different interactive information retrieval (IIR) systems, each designed to support a specific information-seeking strategy (ISS). These systems were constructed using different combinations of IR techniques (i.e., combinations of different methods of representation, comparison, presentation and navigation), each of which was hypothesized to be well suited to support a specific ISS. We compared the performance of searchers in each such system, designated experimental, to an appropriate baseline system, which implemented the standard specified query and results list model of current state-of-the-art experimental and operational IR systems. Four within-subjects experiments were conducted for the purpose of this comparison. Results showed that each of the experimental systems was superior to its baseline system in supporting user performance for the specific ISS (that is, the information problem leading to that ISS) for which the system was designed. These results indicate that an IIR system, which intends to support more than one kind of ISS, should be designed within a framework which allows the use and combination of different IR support techniques for different ISSs.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.8, S.1543-1563
  7. Belkin, N.J.; Croft, W.B.: Information filtering and information retrieval : two sides of the same coin? (1992) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    One of nine articles in this issue of Communications of the ACM devoted to information filtering
    Source
    Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery. 35(1992) no.12, S.29-38
  8. Belkin, N.J.; Robertson, S.E: Information science and the phenomenon of information (1976) 0.01 
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    Source
    Journal of the American Society for information science. 27(1976), S.197-204
  9. Belkin, N.J.: Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval (1980) 0.01 
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    Source
    The Canadian journal of information science. 5(1980), S.133-143
  10. Savage-Knepshield, P.A.; Belkin, N.J.: Interaction in information retrieval : trends over time (1999) 0.00 
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    Content
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes: The 50th Anniversary of the Journal of the American Society for Information Science. Pt.2: Paradigms, models, and models of information science
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.12, S.1067-1082
  11. Belkin, N.J.; Oddy, R.N.; Brooks, H.M.: Ask for information retrieval : Pt.1: Background and theory; Pt.2: Results of a study (1982) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of documentation. 38(1982), S.61-71 (Pt.1); S.145-191 (Pt.2)
  12. Li, Y.; Belkin, N.J.: ¬A faceted approach to conceptualizing tasks in information seeking (2008) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The nature of the task that leads a person to engage in information interaction, as well as of information seeking and searching tasks, have been shown to influence individuals' information behavior. Classifying tasks in a domain has been viewed as a departure point of studies on the relationship between tasks and human information behavior. However, previous task classification schemes either classify tasks with respect to the requirements of specific studies or merely classify a certain category of task. Such approaches do not lead to a holistic picture of task since a task involves different aspects. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a faceted classification of task, which can incorporate work tasks and information search tasks into the same classification scheme and characterize tasks in such a way as to help people make predictions of information behavior. For this purpose, previous task classification schemes and their underlying facets are reviewed and discussed. Analysis identifies essential facets and categorizes them into Generic facets of task and Common attributes of task. Generic facets of task include Source of task, Task doer, Time, Action, Product, and Goal. Common attributes of task includes Task characteristics and User's perception of task. Corresponding sub-facets and values are identified as well. In this fashion, a faceted classification of task is established which could be used to describe users' work tasks and information search tasks. This faceted classification provides a framework to further explore the relationships among work tasks, search tasks, and interactive information retrieval and advance adaptive IR systems design.
  13. Liu, J.; Belkin, N.J.: Personalizing information retrieval for multi-session tasks : examining the roles of task stage, task type, and topic knowledge on the interpretation of dwell time as an indicator of document usefulness (2015) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Personalization of information retrieval tailors search towards individual users to meet their particular information needs by taking into account information about users and their contexts, often through implicit sources of evidence such as user behaviors. This study looks at users' dwelling behavior on documents and several contextual factors: the stage of users' work tasks, task type, and users' knowledge of task topics, to explore whether or not taking account contextual factors could help infer document usefulness from dwell time. A controlled laboratory experiment was conducted with 24 participants, each coming 3 times to work on 3 subtasks in a general work task. The results show that task stage could help interpret certain types of dwell time as reliable indicators of document usefulness in certain task types, as was topic knowledge, and the latter played a more significant role when both were available. This study contributes to a better understanding of how dwell time can be used as implicit evidence of document usefulness, as well as how contextual factors can help interpret dwell time as an indicator of usefulness. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications for using behaviors and contextual factors in the development of personalization systems.
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.1, S.58-81
  14. Belkin, N.J.; Marchetti, P.G.; Albrecht, M.; Fusco, L.; Skogvold, S.; Stokke, H.; Troina, G.: User interfaces for information systems (1991) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This paper presents descriptions of four information / system interface projects in progress at ESRIN, the astablishment of the European Space Agency (ESA) in Italy. Each project demonstrates a somewhat different approach to interface design, but all share the commonality of responding to user goals, tasks and characteristics. It is suggested that next generation scientific information systems will have to be designed for direct access by end users to a large variety of information sources, through a common interface. Design of such systems, including their interfaces, should be based on a multi-level analysis of user goals, tasks and domain views.
    Source
    Journal of information science. 17(1991), S.327-344
  15. Belkin, N.J.: Intelligent information retrieval : whose intelligence? (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The concept of 'intelligent' information retrieval was first mooted in the late 1970s, but had lost currency within the information retrieval community by at least the early 1990s. With the popularity of the concept of 'intelligent agents', it appears that the idea of intelligent information retrieval is again in general vogue. In this paper, I attempt to show that the naive concept of intelligent information retrieval, based on the the idea of agency, misses the essence of intelligence in the information retrieval system, and will inevitably lead to dysfunctional information retrieval. As a counter-proposal, I suggest that true intelligence in information retrieval resides in appropriate allocation of responsibility amongst all the actors in the information retrieval system, and that intelligent information retrieval will be achieved through effective support of people in their various interactions with information
  16. Murdock, V.; Kelly, D.; Croft, W.B.; Belkin, N.J.; Yuan, X.: Identifying and improving retrieval for procedural questions (2007) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    People use questions to elicit information from other people in their everyday lives and yet the most common method of obtaining information from a search engine is by posing keywords. There has been research that suggests users are better at expressing their information needs in natural language, however the vast majority of work to improve document retrieval has focused on queries posed as sets of keywords or Boolean queries. This paper focuses on improving document retrieval for the subset of natural language questions asking about how something is done. We classify questions as asking either for a description of a process or asking for a statement of fact, with better than 90% accuracy. Further we identify non-content features of documents relevant to questions asking about a process. Finally we demonstrate that we can use these features to significantly improve the precision of document retrieval results for questions asking about a process. Our approach, based on exploiting the structure of documents, shows a significant improvement in precision at rank one for questions asking about how something is done.
  17. Belkin, N.J.; Chang, S.J.; Downs, T.; Saracevic, T.; Zhao, S.: Taking account of user tasks, goals and behavior for the design of online public access catalogs (1990) 0.00 
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    Source
    ASIS'90: Information in the year 2000: from research to application. Proc. 33rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science
  18. Robertson, S.E.; Belkin, N.J.: Ranking in principle (1978) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of documentation. 34(1978), S.93-100
  19. Belkin, N.J.: ¬The cognitive viewpoint in information science (1990) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of information science. 16(1990), S.11-15
  20. Belkin, N.J.: Information concepts for information science (1978) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of documentation. 34(1978), S.55-85

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