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  • × theme_ss:"Geschichte der Klassifikationssysteme"
  1. Broughton, V.: Henry Evelyn Bliss : the other immortal or a prophet without honour? (2008) 0.09
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    Abstract
    The paper takes a retrospective look at the work of Henry Evelyn Bliss, classificationist theorist and author of the Bibliographic Classification. Major features of his writings and philosophy are examined and evaluated for the originality of their contribution to the corpus of knowledge in the discipline. Reactions to Bliss's work are analysed, as is his influence on classification theory of the 20th century. Contemporary work on knowledge organization is seen to continue a number of strands from Bliss's original writings. His standing as a classificationist is compared with that of Ranganathan, with the conclusion that he is not given the credit he deserves.
    Date
    9. 2.1997 18:44:22
    Source
    Journal of librarianship and information science. 40(2008) no.1, S.45-58
  2. Schulte-Albert, H.G.: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and library classification (1971) 0.09
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    Source
    Journal of library history; philosophy and comparative librarianship. 6(1971), S.133-152
  3. Holiday, J.: Subject access: new technology and philosophical perspectives (1989) 0.07
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    Abstract
    This paper examines how classification schemes provide subject access. Concept arrangement before computers is compared to its role after machine-based exact match techniques have evolved. The change in retrieval techniques corresponds to a change in philosophy of knowledge. Classification schemes, emerging from Aristotelian philosophy, provide conceptual frameworks for direct human interaction to foster reference and communication. Computer-based systems provide access with a different emphasis on conceptual arrangement. Employing a philosophy of knowledge as facets, computer programs use word-frequency analyses, uncontrolled vocabulary, and feedback procedures to define subject access. Classification for machine processing optimizes the power of these systems. Though the influence of Aristotelian philosophy declines, structures for concept communication continue to be instrumental in the efficient operation of computer-based systems. Ongoing classification work can help direct vague inquiries and reflect human and social relationships to knowledge
  4. Olson, H.A.: Earthly order and the oneness of mysticism : Hugh of Saint Victor and medieval classification of wisdom (2010) 0.07
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    Abstract
    Hugh of St. Victor's Didascalicon is a twelfth-century classification of knowledge, or as Hugh would put it, of Wisdom, written in the context of medieval, Christian mysticism. This study reads the text through its cultural and intellectual context, including medieval themes of the problem of universals and the importance of numerology. The study addresses the question of whether or not Hugh's classification is part of the Aristotelian tradition of classificatory structure characterized by mutually exclusive categories, teleological progress toward a goal, and hierarchy, which is still with us today. It also examines the role of the liberal arts in Hugh's pedagogy and philosophy as exhibited in the Didascalicon.
  5. Olson, H.A.: ¬The ubiquitous hierarchy : an army to overcome the threat of a mob (2004) 0.06
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    Abstract
    This article explores the connections between Melvil Dewey and Hegelianism and Charles Cutter and the Scottish Common Sense philosophers. It traces the practice of hierarchy from these philosophical influences to Dewey and Cutter and their legacy to today's Dewey Decimal Classification and Library of Congress Subject Headings. The ubiquity of hierarchy is linked to Dewey's and Cutter's metaphor of organizing the mob of information into an orderly army using the tool of logic.
    Footnote
    Artikel in einem Themenheft: The philosophy of information
  6. Zichun, L.: ¬The development of Chinese cataloguing tools and standards (1998) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Looks at the influence of early Cinese philosophy, the political climate and the economic environment on the development of the Chinese classification scheme focusing on 4 major turning points in this development. These are: the Han Dynasty of the 70 BC years; the Qing Dynasty of the 1700s; the Republican period (1911-1949); and the communist years between the 1950s and the present days
  7. ¬The structure of knowledge : classifications of science and learning since the Renaissance ; International Summer School in History of Science <1998, Uppsala> (2001) 0.05
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    Content
    Inhalt: The contents in the book are as below: 1. Building the house of knowledge: The structures of thought in late Renaissance Europe by Paula Findlen; 2. Epistemological angst: From encyclopedism to advertising by Robert Darnton; 3. Linnaeus and the classification tradition in Sweden by Tore Frängsmyr; 4. Humboldtian distribution maps: The spatial ordering of scientific knowledge by Nicolaas Rupke; 5.The old production of knowledge: The academic system of science in Sweden, 1880-1950 by Sven Widmalm
    Imprint
    Berkeley : Office for History of Science and Technology, University of California
    LCSH
    Classification of sciences
    Science / Philosophy
    Series
    Bologna studies in history of science ; 28) (Berkeley papers in history of science ; 19) (Uppsala studies in history of science ; 28
    Subject
    Classification of sciences
    Science / Philosophy
  8. Favier, L.; Mustafa El Hadi, W.: From text to image : the concept of universality in the knowledge organization system designed by Paul Otlet and the International Institute of Bibliography (2012) 0.04
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    Abstract
    This paper will examine the documentary universalism defended by Paul Otlet, as an aspect of his universalist philosophy. We will particularly be focusing on two elements of his knowledge organization theory: text and image documents. Then we will compare Otlet's universalist approach with the challenges of the "universal search" at the internet age. In order to discuss Paul Otlet's legacy, related to universal search and UDC role, we are currently analyzing the UIR archives, and more broadly, the Mundaneum's archives. The most important part of our research carried in the Mundaneum's archives will concern the Universal Iconographic Repertory (UIR) and what it reveals about the nature of the UDC and its's role in the universal search. This term covers both search engines and online libraries' catalogs tailored for searching on the Web.
    Source
    Categories, contexts and relations in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Twelfth International ISKO Conference 6-9 August 2012, Mysore, India. Eds.: Neelameghan, A. u. K.S. Raghavan
  9. Sales, R. de; Pires, T.B.: ¬The classification of Harris : influences of Bacon and Hegel in the universe of library classification (2017) 0.04
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    Abstract
    The studies of library classifications generally interact with a historical approach that contextualizes the research and with the ideas related to classification that are typical of Philosophy. In the 19th century, the North-American philosopher and educator William Torrey Harris developed a book classification at the St. Louis Public School, based on Francis Bacon and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. The objective of the present study is to analyze Harris's classification, reflecting upon his theoretical and philosophical backgrounds in order to understand Harris's contribution to Knowledge Organization (KO). To achieve such objective, this study adopts a critical - descriptive approach for the analysis. The results show some influences of Bacon and Hegel in Harris's classification
  10. Kaiser, J.O.: Systematic indexing (1985) 0.04
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    Abstract
    A native of Germany and a former teacher of languages and music, Julius Otto Kaiser (1868-1927) came to the Philadelphia Commercial Museum to be its librarian in 1896. Faced with the problem of making "information" accessible, he developed a method of indexing he called systematic indexing. The first draft of his scheme, published in 1896-97, was an important landmark in the history of subject analysis. R. K. Olding credits Kaiser with making the greatest single advance in indexing theory since Charles A. Cutter and John Metcalfe eulogizes him by observing that "in sheer capacity for really scientific and logical thinking, Kaiser's was probably the best mind that has ever applied itself to subject indexing." Kaiser was an admirer of "system." By systematic indexing he meant indicating information not with natural language expressions as, for instance, Cutter had advocated, but with artificial expressions constructed according to formulas. Kaiser grudged natural language its approximateness, its vagaries, and its ambiguities. The formulas he introduced were to provide a "machinery for regularising or standardising language" (paragraph 67). Kaiser recognized three categories or "facets" of index terms: (1) terms of concretes, representing things, real or imaginary (e.g., money, machines); (2) terms of processes, representing either conditions attaching to things or their actions (e.g., trade, manufacture); and (3) terms of localities, representing, for the most part, countries (e.g., France, South Africa). Expressions in Kaiser's index language were called statements. Statements consisted of sequences of terms, the syntax of which was prescribed by formula. These formulas specified sequences of terms by reference to category types. Only three citation orders were permitted: a term in the concrete category followed by one in the process category (e.g., Wool-Scouring); (2) a country term followed by a process term (e.g., Brazil - Education); and (3) a concrete term followed by a country term, followed by a process term (e.g., Nitrate-Chile-Trade). Kaiser's system was a precursor of two of the most significant developments in twentieth-century approaches to subject access-the special purpose use of language for indexing, thus the concept of index language, which was to emerge as a generative idea at the time of the second Cranfield experiment (1966) and the use of facets to categorize subject indicators, which was to become the characterizing feature of analytico-synthetic indexing methods such as the Colon classification. In addition to its visionary quality, Kaiser's work is notable for its meticulousness and honesty, as can be seen, for instance, in his observations about the difficulties in facet definition.
    Source
    Theory of subject analysis: a sourcebook. Ed.: L.M. Chan, et al
  11. Classification research for knowledge representation and organization : Proc. of the 5th Int. Study Conf. on Classification Research, Toronto, Canada, 24.-28.6.1991 (1992) 0.03
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    Abstract
    This volume deals with both theoretical and empirical research in classification and encompasses universal classification systems, special classification systems, thesauri and the place of classification in a broad spectrum of document and information systems. Papers fall into one or three major areas as follows: 1) general principles and policies 2) structure and logic in classification; and empirical investigation; classification in the design of various types of document/information systems. The papers originate from the ISCCR '91 conference and have been selected according to the following criteria: relevance to the conference theme; importance of the topic in the representation and organization of knowledge; quality; and originality in terms of potential contribution to research and new knowledge.
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: SVENONIUS, E.: Classification: prospects, problems, and possibilities; BEALL, J.: Editing the Dewey Decimal Classification online: the evolution of the DDC database; BEGHTOL, C.: Toward a theory of fiction analysis for information storage and retrieval; CRAVEN, T.C.: Concept relation structures and their graphic display; FUGMANN, R.: Illusory goals in information science research; GILCHRIST, A.: UDC: the 1990's and beyond; GREEN, R.: The expression of syntagmatic relationships in indexing: are frame-based index languages the answer?; HUMPHREY, S.M.: Use and management of classification systems for knowledge-based indexing; MIKSA, F.L.: The concept of the universe of knowledge and the purpose of LIS classification; SCOTT, M. u. A.F. FONSECA: Methodology for functional appraisal of records and creation of a functional thesaurus; ALBRECHTSEN, H.: PRESS: a thesaurus-based information system for software reuse; AMAESHI, B.: A preliminary AAT compatible African art thesaurus; CHATTERJEE, A.: Structures of Indian classification systems of the pre-Ranganathan era and their impact on the Colon Classification; COCHRANE, P.A.: Indexing and searching thesauri, the Janus or Proteus of information retrieval; CRAVEN, T.C.: A general versus a special algorithm in the graphic display of thesauri; DAHLBERG, I.: The basis of a new universal classification system seen from a philosophy of science point of view: DRABENSTOTT, K.M., RIESTER, L.C. u. B.A.DEDE: Shelflisting using expert systems; FIDEL, R.: Thesaurus requirements for an intermediary expert system; GREEN, R.: Insights into classification from the cognitive sciences: ramifications for index languages; GROLIER, E. de: Towards a syndetic information retrieval system; GUENTHER, R.: The USMARC format for classification data: development and implementation; HOWARTH, L.C.: Factors influencing policies for the adoption and integration of revisions to classification schedules; HUDON, M.: Term definitions in subject thesauri: the Canadian literacy thesaurus experience; HUSAIN, S.: Notational techniques for the accomodation of subjects in Colon Classification 7th edition: theoretical possibility vis-à-vis practical need; KWASNIK, B.H. u. C. JORGERSEN: The exploration by means of repertory grids of semantic differences among names of official documents; MICCO, M.: Suggestions for automating the Library of Congress Classification schedules; PERREAULT, J.M.: An essay on the prehistory of general categories (II): G.W. Leibniz, Conrad Gesner; REES-POTTER, L.K.: How well do thesauri serve the social sciences?; REVIE, C.W. u. G. SMART: The construction and the use of faceted classification schema in technical domains; ROCKMORE, M.: Structuring a flexible faceted thsaurus record for corporate information retrieval; ROULIN, C.: Sub-thesauri as part of a metathesaurus; SMITH, L.C.: UNISIST revisited: compatibility in the context of collaboratories; STILES, W.G.: Notes concerning the use chain indexing as a possible means of simulating the inductive leap within artificial intelligence; SVENONIUS, E., LIU, S. u. B. SUBRAHMANYAM: Automation in chain indexing; TURNER, J.: Structure in data in the Stockshot database at the National Film Board of Canada; VIZINE-GOETZ, D.: The Dewey Decimal Classification as an online classification tool; WILLIAMSON, N.J.: Restructuring UDC: problems and possibilies; WILSON, A.: The hierarchy of belief: ideological tendentiousness in universal classification; WILSON, B.F.: An evaluation of the systematic botany schedule of the Universal Decimal Classification (English full edition, 1979); ZENG, L.: Research and development of classification and thesauri in China; CONFERENCE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
    Footnote
    Rez. in: International classification 19(1992) no.4, S.228-229 (B.C. Vickery); Journal of classification 11(1994) no.2, S.255-256 (W. Gödert)
    LCSH
    Knowledge, Theory of / Congresses
    Subject
    Knowledge, Theory of / Congresses
  12. Dewey, M.: Decimal classification beginnings (1990) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Describes the author's development of the Dewey Decimal Classification
    Date
    25.12.1995 22:28:43
    Footnote
    Reprint of article originally published in Library journal 15 Feb 20.
  13. Rayward, W.B.: ¬The origins of information science and the International Institute of Bibliography / International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID) (1997) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Describes the history and origins of the International Institute of Bibliography, founded in 1895 and which later became the FID. Outlines the work of Paul Otlet and his colleagues in developing the idea of universal bibliographic control through the Répertoire Bibliographique Universel and the emergence of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) as the means of its classifies arrangement. Stresses the key role played by this work in developing the main concepts of information science and documentation
    Source
    International forum on information and documentation. 22(1997) no.2, S.3-15
  14. Barat, A.H.: Hungarians in the history of the UDC (2014) 0.02
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    Abstract
    I outline a major segment of the history of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) in Hungary and all related important events and activities. Significant and committed specialists who played prominent role on a national and international level are also mentioned. It's not an overstatement, that the usage and publications of the UDC in Hungary are significant milestones in the international history of UDC. The usage of UDC has been very widespread and it is found in different types of libraries. People who were responsible for the developing of information retrieval systems and quality of these methods were very engaged and participated in international activities. There were several huge libraries such as special, academic, municipal and national library where UDC has been employed since quite early on and the leaders of these pioneer libraries travelled widely and were active in international researches and practices.
    Source
    Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
  15. Heuvel, C. van den: Multidimensional classifications : past and future conceptualizations and visualizations (2012) 0.02
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    Abstract
    This paper maps the concepts "space" and "dimensionality" in classifications, in particular in visualizations hereof, from a historical perspective. After a historical excursion in the domain of classification theory of what in mathematics is known as dimensionality reduction in representations of a single universe of knowledge, its potentiality will be explored for information retrieval and navigation in the multiverse of the World Wide Web.
    Content
    This paper is an adaptation and augmented version of a paper presented at the NASKO 2011 conference: Charles van den Heuvel. 2011. Multidimensional classifications: Past and future conceptualizations and visualizations. In Smiraglia, Richard P., ed. Proceedings from North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization, Vol. 3. Toronto, Canada, pp. 105-21. Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_39_2012_6_e.pdf.
    Date
    22. 2.2013 11:31:25
  16. Foskett, D.J.: ¬'A rustic in the library' : The first Dr. Pafford Memorial Lecture (1997) 0.02
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    Abstract
    The elements that comprise 'style' in creative writing are directly applicable to librarians, in the choice of books and periodicals, and in the process of cataloguing and classification to make them accessible to users. By the selection and arrangement of their stock librarians reveal professional accounts of the culture they have inherited and are endeavouring to pass on to future generations. Illustrates the discussion with particular reference to the life and career of Dr. John Henry Pyle Pafford, Librarian at London University, and in particular to his views on the development of general classification schemes, such as the DDC and BC, and the work of the CRG. Concludes by noting his work in the fields of education, national and international library cooperation, and as Library-Keeper of the University
    Date
    9. 2.1997 18:44:22
    Source
    Journal of librarianship and information science. 29(1997) no.4, S.211-216
  17. Dousa, T.M.: ¬The simple and the complex in E. C. Richardson's theory of classification : observations on an early KO model of the relationship between ontology and epistemology (2010) 0.02
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    Abstract
    In light of ongoing debates about ontological vs. epistemological approaches to knowledge organization (KO), this paper examines E. C. Richardson's treatment of ontology and epistemology in his theory of classification. According to Richardson, there is a natural order of things in the world accessible to human cognition, which may be expressed in two classificatory orders: evolutionary classification, which ranges classes of things from the most simple to the most complex, and logical classification, which ranges classes of things in the inverse order, from the most complex to the most simple. Evolutionary classification reflects ontological order and logical classification reflects epistemological order: both are faces of a single natural order. Such a view requires adherence to a representationalist, or, in Hjorland's (2008) terms, positivist understanding of epistemology, wherein human knowledge faithfully mirrors the structure of the external world. Richardson's harmonization of ontology and epistemology will find little favor among proponents of the currently fashionable pragmatist approach to KO. Nevertheless, it constitutes an early version of what Gnoli (2004) terms a naturalistic epistemology, which, once deepened and clarified, offers the best prospects for an explicit expression of both the ontological and epistemological dimensions of knowledge within a single classification of general scope.
    Pages
    S.15-22
    Source
    Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Eleventh International ISKO Conference, 23-26 February 2010 Rome, Italy. Edited by Claudio Gnoli and Fulvio Mazzocchi
  18. Satija, M.P.: Abridged Dewey-15 (2012) in historical perspectives (2012) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The origin of the abridged edition of the Dewey system goes back to 1894 when an outline of 192 pages based on the full 5th Edition (1894) was issued for small public and school libraries of North America. New editions have appeared regularly following closely the publication of new full editions. An abridged version, which is always in one volume, comprises an introduction, schedules, four tables (namely 1, 2, 3 and 4) only, and the relative index and other minor features of the full edition, and has shorter numbers. Abridged 15 is a logical abridgement of the DDC23 (2011) and is a product of a new approach to development of an abridged edition of the DDC. Its content has been derived from the DDC database applying a set of rules to extract the edition using the new (2010) version of the editorial support system. The revision process has been informed by interaction with an always widening and diversified Dewey community at home and abroad. It aims to improve the currency of the schedules continuing to serve as shelving tool while recognizing its 'other' uses as a spinoff of its simplicity and inexpensiveness.
    Date
    3. 3.2016 18:59:22
  19. Lorenz, B.: ¬Die DDC im Umfeld der Entwicklung dezimaler Klassifikationen (2008) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The decimal system is one system of a number of possible systems of ordering - and a very symbolic also. The ordering in ten chapters, themes, numbers, etc. you can find often in history. Indeed Dewey is not the genius-founder of decimal classification (against a number of authors)! For ordering and structuring separate schemes within a classification DDC creates a number of important negative solutions, e.g. in the main classes the 'lost' of physics and of medicine as special schemes: Nearly a catastrophe in the times of STM! And against an enormous tradition like Leibniz 1646 - 1716) et alii! Compare Bliss: The Bliss-Classification gives space for 6 numbers »sciences« in a context of 26 classes. Therefore the result in short: DDC (and UDC of course!) are »flowers« of the past, of the first decades of century 20! As a fact the Decimal Classification within the tradition of Melvil Dewey is not a final work: See the increasing number of newly constructed decimal classifications during the years 80 and 90 of the 20th century! Nevertheless DDC is a very great (problem and) solution in its development, internationality, reception - and edge-stone for many thinkers and librarians throughout the world - and an important example for modern translational work! Magda Heiner-Freiling has given to us a great stone for the edifice of Modern DDC: Requiescat in pace!
    Source
    New pespectives on subject indexing and classification: essays in honour of Magda Heiner-Freiling. Red.: K. Knull-Schlomann, u.a
  20. Hansson, J.: ¬The materiality of knowledge organization : epistemology, metaphors and society (2013) 0.01
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    Abstract
    This article discusses the relation between epistemology, social organization and knowledge organization. Three examples are used to show how this relation has proven to be historically stable: 1) the organization of knowledge in 18th century encyclopedias; 2) the problem of bias in the international introduction of DDC in early 20th century libraries in Scandinavia; and 3) the practice of social tagging and folksonomies in contemporary late capitalist society. By using the concept of 'materiality' and the theoretical contribution on the documentality of social objects by Maurizio Ferraris, an understanding of the character of the connection between epistemology and social order in knowledge organization systems is achieved.
    Content
    Beitrag im Rahmen eines Special Issue: 'Paradigms of Knowledge and its Organization: The Tree, the Net and Beyond,' edited by Fulvio Mazzocchi and Gian Carlo Fedeli. - Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_40_2013_6_d.pdf.

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