Search (8 results, page 1 of 1)

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Footnote

Rez. in: Computers in libraries 12(1992) no.2, S.46-47; Library quarterly 62(1992) no.3, S.347-349 (R. Fidel)

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Content

Inhalt: Chapters 2 to 5: Scopes, Domains, and Display Media (pp. 47-102) Chapters 6 to 8: Documents, Analysis, and Indexing (pp. 103-176) Chapters 9 to 10: Exhaustivity and Specificity (pp. 177-196) Chapters 11 to 13: Displayed/Nondisplayed Indexes, Syntax, and Vocabulary Management (pp. 197-364) Chapters 14 to 16: Surrogation, Locators, and Surrogate Displays (pp. 365-390) Chapters 17 and 18: Arrangement and Size of Displayed Indexes (pp. 391-446) Chapters 19 to 21: Search Interface, Record Format, and Full-Text Display (pp. 447-536) Chapter 22: Implementation and Evaluation (pp. 537-541)

Footnote

Rez. in JASIST 57(2006) no.10, S.1412-1413 (R. W. White): "Information Retrieval Design is a textbook that aims to foster the intelligent user-centered design of databases for Information Retrieval (IR). The book outlines a comprehensive set of 20 factors. chosen based on prior research and the authors' experiences. that need to he considered during the design process. The authors provide designers with information on those factors to help optimize decision making. The book does not cover user-needs assessment, implementation of IR databases, or retries al systems, testing. or evaluation. Most textbooks in IR do not offer a substantive walkthrough of the design factors that need to be considered Mien des eloping IR databases. Instead. they focus on issues such as the implementation of data structures, the explanation of search algorithms, and the role of human-machine interaction in the search process. The book touches on all three, but its focus is on designing databases that can be searched effectively. not the tools to search them. This is an important distinction: despite its title. this book does not describe how to build retrieval systems. Professor Anderson utilizes his wealth of experience in cataloging and classification to bring a unique perspective on IR database design that may be useful for novices. for developers seeking to make sense of the design process, and for students as a text to supplement classroom tuition. The foreword and preface. by Jessica Milstead and James Anderson. respectively, are engaging and worthwhile reading. It is astounding that it has taken some 20 years for anyone to continue the stork of Milstead and write as extensively as Anderson does about such an important issue as IR database design. The remainder of the book is divided into two parts: Introduction and Background Issues and Design Decisions. Part 1 is a reasonable introduction and includes a glossary of the terminology that authors use in the book. It is very helpful to have these definitions early on. but the subject descriptors in the right margin are distracting and do not serve their purpose as access points to the text. The terminology is useful to have. as the authors definitions of concepts do not lit exactly with what is traditionally accepted in IR. For example. they use the term 'message' to icier to what would normally be called .'document" or "information object." and do not do a good job at distinguishing between "messages" and "documentary units". Part 2 describes components and attributes of 1R databases to help designers make design choices. The book provides them with information about the potential ramifications of their decisions and advocates a user-oriented approach to making them. Chapters are arranged in a seemingly sensible order based around these factors. and the authors remind us of the importance of integrating them. The authors are skilled at selecting the important factors in the development of seemingly complex entities, such as IR databases: how es er. the integration of these factors. or the interaction between them. is not handled as well as perhaps should be. Factors are presented in the order in which the authors feel then should be addressed. but there is no chapter describing how the factors interact. The authors miss an opportunity at the beginning of Part 2 where they could illustrate using a figure the interactions between the 20 factors they list in a way that is not possible with the linear structure of the book.

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Footnote

Rez. in: Managing information 5(1998) no.4, S.42-43 (J.Gilbey); Journal of librarianship and information science 30(1998) no.2, S.150-151 (R. Yeates)

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Footnote

Rez. in: Mitteilungen VOEB 59(2006) H.4, S.74-76 (M. Katzmayr): "Information Literacy (IL) bzw. Informationskompetenz ist in aller Munde, wird sie doch als Schlüsselqualifikation angesehen, um an der so genannten Informationsgesellschaft teilzuhaben. Susie Andretta, Dozentin für Informationsmanagement an der London Metropolitan University, hat nun einen praxisorientierten Leitfaden zur IL vorgelegt, worin zwei Aspekte im Vordergrund stehen: einerseits die Vermittlung der IL in der universitären Lehre, womit andererseits auch ein erfolgreiches lebenslanges Lernen nach Verlassen der Universität ermöglicht werden soll. Das Buch beginnt mit einer theoretischen Einführung. Dort ist zu lesen, dass sich die Vermittlung von IL aus Kursen zur Bibliotheksbenutzung entwickelt habe - doch während letztere traditionell den effektiven Umgang mit Bibliotheksressourcen vermitteln und somit auf die Bibliothek beschränkt seien, beinhalte IL auch Herangehensweisen zur Lösung komplexer Problemstellungen. Drei prominente IL-Konzeptionen folgender Organisationen werden anschließend ausführlicher vorgestellt und verglichen: die der US-amerikanischen "Association of Colleges and Research Libraries" (ACRL), des "Australian and New Zealand Institute for information Literacy" (ANZIIL) und der britischen "Society of College, National and University Libraries" (SCONUL). In allen drei besteht IL zumindest aus dem Wahrnehmen eines Informationsbedarfes, Methoden zum Erhalt dieser Information und schließlich ihrer Bewertung, um die Fragen zu beantworten, die zum Informationsbedarf geführt haben. Alle drei gehen über die rein technologische Kompetenz (IT-Kompetenz) hinaus und umfassen u. a. Medien-, Bibliotheks-, und Recherchekompetenzen, um nur einige zu nennen. Allerdings gehen zwei dieser Konzeptionen noch wesentlich weiter - so fordert die ANZIIL von einer informationskompetenten Person u.a. folgende Fähigkeit: "the information-literate person applies prior and new information to construct new concepts or create new understandings" (S. 157), der Lernzielkatalog der SCONUL beinhaltet: "The ability to synthesise and build upon existing information, contributing to the creation of new knowledge" (S. 162).
Was hier auffällt, ist der äußerst weit reichende inhaltliche Anspruch dieser Sichtweise von IL. Inwieweit dadurch eine Abgrenzung zum Themenund Lehrgebiet des "wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens" bzw. zu den Charakteristika umfassender Bildung überhaupt noch sinnvoll möglich ist, wird von der Autorin leider nicht behandelt. Interessant ist der Stellenwert der Bibliotheken in der Lehre der IL: In allen drei Konzeptionen wird eine Kooperation zwischen Bibliothek und Wissenschaftsbetrieb empfohlen, ja erfolge die Vermittlung von IL idealiter im jeweiligen Fachstudium durch die problemlösungsorientierte Bearbeitung spezifischer Fragestellungen. So gesehen könne also nicht von einem Monopol der Bibliotheken ausgegangen werden, ihre Rolle sei vielmehr mit dem Motto "information literacy is an issue for the library but not of the library" (S. 53) angemessen umschrieben. In Großbritannien gehe dabei die Initiative meist von den Bibliotheken aus, in den USA und Australien eher vom Wissenschaftsbetrieb. In beiden Fällen funktioniere diese Partnerschaft aber nicht immer reibungslos. Die Beweggründe von Bibliotheken, sich hierzu engagieren, werden von der Autorin jedoch keiner tiefer gehenden Analyse unterzogen. Dies wurde vielleicht nicht völlig unbeabsichtigt unterlassen, da daran nämlich eine - im vorliegenden Werk ausgeblendete - grundsätzliche und weit verbreitete Kritik an der IL anknüpfen könnte. Ein Blick in die relevante Literatur zeigt nämlich, dass Bibliothekarinnen nicht nur hehre Motive zugeschrieben werden, wenn sie sich am IL-Hype beteiligen bzw. ihn vorantreiben. Neben Erfahrungen mit der dürftigen Informationskompetenz vieler Studierender werden ihnen auch ganz andere, pragmatischere Beweggründe zugedacht'. Ein Beispiel: Die zunehmende institutionelle Marginalisierung von Bibliotheken und ihren Mitarbeiterinnen im Universitätsbetrieb mag eine kreative Vorwärtsverteidigung unter dem Deckmantel der IL als zweckmäßig erscheinen lassen' - überspitzt formuliert: IL als Konstrukt oder zumindest willkommene Gelegenheit, um den Bibliotheken auch weiterhin eine zentrale Rolle an den Universitäten zu sichern. Zum Glück gelingt es Andretta, anhand der relevanten Literatur und eigener Erfahrungen als Dozentin plausibel zu argumentieren, dass der Mangel vieler Studierender an Informationskompetenz tatsächlich eklatant und somit ein Handlungsbedarf gegeben ist. Welche Motive die Bibliotheken hier sonst noch haben mögen, kann so gesehen ruhig im Dunkeln bleiben.

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Date

22.10.2006 10:22:33

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Date

22. 2.2013 11:35:35