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  1. Cahier, J.-P.; Zaher, L'H.; Isoard , G.: Document et modèle pour l'action, une méthode pour le web socio-sémantique : application à un web 2.0 en développement durable (2010) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    We present the DOCMA method (DOCument and Model for Action) focused to Socio-Semantic web applications in large communities of interest. DOCMA is dedicated to end-users without any knowledge in Information Science. Community Members can elicit, structure and index shared business items emerging from their inquiry (such as projects, actors, products, geographically situated objects of interest.). We apply DOCMA to an experiment in the field of Sustainable Development: the Cartodd-Map21 collaborative Web portal.
    Source
    Document numérique. 13(2010), no.2
    Theme
    Semantic Web
    Year
    2010
  2. Hannech, A.: Système de recherche d'information étendue basé sur une projection multi-espaces (2018) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Depuis son apparition au début des années 90, le World Wide Web (WWW ou Web) a offert un accès universel aux connaissances et le monde de l'information a été principalement témoin d'une grande révolution (la révolution numérique). Il est devenu rapidement très populaire, ce qui a fait de lui la plus grande et vaste base de données et de connaissances existantes grâce à la quantité et la diversité des données qu'il contient. Cependant, l'augmentation et l'évolution considérables de ces données soulèvent d'importants problèmes pour les utilisateurs notamment pour l'accès aux documents les plus pertinents à leurs requêtes de recherche. Afin de faire face à cette explosion exponentielle du volume de données et faciliter leur accès par les utilisateurs, différents modèles sont proposés par les systèmes de recherche d'information (SRIs) pour la représentation et la recherche des documents web. Les SRIs traditionnels utilisent, pour indexer et récupérer ces documents, des mots-clés simples qui ne sont pas sémantiquement liés. Cela engendre des limites en termes de la pertinence et de la facilité d'exploration des résultats. Pour surmonter ces limites, les techniques existantes enrichissent les documents en intégrant des mots-clés externes provenant de différentes sources. Cependant, ces systèmes souffrent encore de limitations qui sont liées aux techniques d'exploitation de ces sources d'enrichissement. Lorsque les différentes sources sont utilisées de telle sorte qu'elles ne peuvent être distinguées par le système, cela limite la flexibilité des modèles d'exploration qui peuvent être appliqués aux résultats de recherche retournés par ce système. Les utilisateurs se sentent alors perdus devant ces résultats, et se retrouvent dans l'obligation de les filtrer manuellement pour sélectionner l'information pertinente. S'ils veulent aller plus loin, ils doivent reformuler et cibler encore plus leurs requêtes de recherche jusqu'à parvenir aux documents qui répondent le mieux à leurs attentes. De cette façon, même si les systèmes parviennent à retrouver davantage des résultats pertinents, leur présentation reste problématique. Afin de cibler la recherche à des besoins d'information plus spécifiques de l'utilisateur et améliorer la pertinence et l'exploration de ses résultats de recherche, les SRIs avancés adoptent différentes techniques de personnalisation de données qui supposent que la recherche actuelle d'un utilisateur est directement liée à son profil et/ou à ses expériences de navigation/recherche antérieures. Cependant, cette hypothèse ne tient pas dans tous les cas, les besoins de l'utilisateur évoluent au fil du temps et peuvent s'éloigner de ses intérêts antérieurs stockés dans son profil.
    Dans d'autres cas, le profil de l'utilisateur peut être mal exploité pour extraire ou inférer ses nouveaux besoins en information. Ce problème est beaucoup plus accentué avec les requêtes ambigües. Lorsque plusieurs centres d'intérêt auxquels est liée une requête ambiguë sont identifiés dans le profil de l'utilisateur, le système se voit incapable de sélectionner les données pertinentes depuis ce profil pour répondre à la requête. Ceci a un impact direct sur la qualité des résultats fournis à cet utilisateur. Afin de remédier à quelques-unes de ces limitations, nous nous sommes intéressés dans ce cadre de cette thèse de recherche au développement de techniques destinées principalement à l'amélioration de la pertinence des résultats des SRIs actuels et à faciliter l'exploration de grandes collections de documents. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une solution basée sur un nouveau concept d'indexation et de recherche d'information appelé la projection multi-espaces. Cette proposition repose sur l'exploitation de différentes catégories d'information sémantiques et sociales qui permettent d'enrichir l'univers de représentation des documents et des requêtes de recherche en plusieurs dimensions d'interprétations. L'originalité de cette représentation est de pouvoir distinguer entre les différentes interprétations utilisées pour la description et la recherche des documents. Ceci donne une meilleure visibilité sur les résultats retournés et aide à apporter une meilleure flexibilité de recherche et d'exploration, en donnant à l'utilisateur la possibilité de naviguer une ou plusieurs vues de données qui l'intéressent le plus. En outre, les univers multidimensionnels de représentation proposés pour la description des documents et l'interprétation des requêtes de recherche aident à améliorer la pertinence des résultats de l'utilisateur en offrant une diversité de recherche/exploration qui aide à répondre à ses différents besoins et à ceux des autres différents utilisateurs. Cette étude exploite différents aspects liés à la recherche personnalisée et vise à résoudre les problèmes engendrés par l'évolution des besoins en information de l'utilisateur. Ainsi, lorsque le profil de cet utilisateur est utilisé par notre système, une technique est proposée et employée pour identifier les intérêts les plus représentatifs de ses besoins actuels dans son profil. Cette technique se base sur la combinaison de trois facteurs influents, notamment le facteur contextuel, fréquentiel et temporel des données. La capacité des utilisateurs à interagir, à échanger des idées et d'opinions, et à former des réseaux sociaux sur le Web, a amené les systèmes à s'intéresser aux types d'interactions de ces utilisateurs, au niveau d'interaction entre eux ainsi qu'à leurs rôles sociaux dans le système. Ces informations sociales sont abordées et intégrées dans ce travail de recherche. L'impact et la manière de leur intégration dans le processus de RI sont étudiés pour améliorer la pertinence des résultats.
    Since its appearance in the early 90's, the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) has provided universal access to knowledge and the world of information has been primarily witness to a great revolution (the digital revolution). It quickly became very popular, making it the largest and most comprehensive database and knowledge base thanks to the amount and diversity of data it contains. However, the considerable increase and evolution of these data raises important problems for users, in particular for accessing the documents most relevant to their search queries. In order to cope with this exponential explosion of data volume and facilitate their access by users, various models are offered by information retrieval systems (IRS) for the representation and retrieval of web documents. Traditional SRIs use simple keywords that are not semantically linked to index and retrieve these documents. This creates limitations in terms of the relevance and ease of exploration of results. To overcome these limitations, existing techniques enrich documents by integrating external keywords from different sources. However, these systems still suffer from limitations that are related to the exploitation techniques of these sources of enrichment. When the different sources are used so that they cannot be distinguished by the system, this limits the flexibility of the exploration models that can be applied to the results returned by this system. Users then feel lost to these results, and find themselves forced to filter them manually to select the relevant information. If they want to go further, they must reformulate and target their search queries even more until they reach the documents that best meet their expectations. In this way, even if the systems manage to find more relevant results, their presentation remains problematic. In order to target research to more user-specific information needs and improve the relevance and exploration of its research findings, advanced SRIs adopt different data personalization techniques that assume that current research of user is directly related to his profile and / or previous browsing / search experiences.
    However, this assumption does not hold in all cases, the needs of the user evolve over time and can move away from his previous interests stored in his profile. In other cases, the user's profile may be misused to extract or infer new information needs. This problem is much more accentuated with ambiguous queries. When multiple POIs linked to a search query are identified in the user's profile, the system is unable to select the relevant data from that profile to respond to that request. This has a direct impact on the quality of the results provided to this user. In order to overcome some of these limitations, in this research thesis, we have been interested in the development of techniques aimed mainly at improving the relevance of the results of current SRIs and facilitating the exploration of major collections of documents. To do this, we propose a solution based on a new concept and model of indexing and information retrieval called multi-spaces projection. This proposal is based on the exploitation of different categories of semantic and social information that enrich the universe of document representation and search queries in several dimensions of interpretations. The originality of this representation is to be able to distinguish between the different interpretations used for the description and the search for documents. This gives a better visibility on the results returned and helps to provide a greater flexibility of search and exploration, giving the user the ability to navigate one or more views of data that interest him the most. In addition, the proposed multidimensional representation universes for document description and search query interpretation help to improve the relevance of the user's results by providing a diversity of research / exploration that helps meet his diverse needs and those of other different users. This study exploits different aspects that are related to the personalized search and aims to solve the problems caused by the evolution of the information needs of the user. Thus, when the profile of this user is used by our system, a technique is proposed and used to identify the interests most representative of his current needs in his profile. This technique is based on the combination of three influential factors, including the contextual, frequency and temporal factor of the data. The ability of users to interact, exchange ideas and opinions, and form social networks on the Web, has led systems to focus on the types of interactions these users have at the level of interaction between them as well as their social roles in the system. This social information is discussed and integrated into this research work. The impact and how they are integrated into the IR process are studied to improve the relevance of the results.
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  3. Belbenoit-Avich, P.-M.: ¬Des phares dans la nuit (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The Internet, especially for information retrieval, is a labyrinth in which it is virtually impossible to find one's way without markers. Web pages are easily created and offer free access but payment is required before anything more useful is retrievd. Evaluation and indexing of these sites is extremely difficults. Librarians and information officers will need to keep themselves informed about databases and guide end users through the labyrinth. Discusses search engines and briefly reviews InfoSeek, Folio Retriever, Star-Web, World Trade Center State, Electronic Library, AltaVista, Yahoo and OCLC's Netfirst
    Object
    Star-Web
  4. Zarri, G.P.: Utilisation de structures conceptuelles complexes pour représenter le "contenu sémantique" de textes narratifs (1999) 0.01 
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    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  5. Gourbin, G.: ¬Une nouvelle profession : cyber-documentaliste l'exemple de Nomade (1998) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Users who want to exploit all the information sources on the Web will need an efficient search and selection tool e.g. a directory or search engine. Directories list Web sites and analyze their contents. Describes the behind-the-scenes work of documentalists specialized in surfing, tracking and indexing French language sites for the directory Nomade. Describes the creation of Nomade, its functioning and indexing, and how this new profession of 'cyber-documentalist' is changing the practices and functions of information professionals as they become Internet information organizers
    Date
    1. 8.1996 22:01:00
  6. Martin, P.: Intranet presentation technique et perspectives (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Considers how Intranets are being developed by adapting Internet technologies. Discusses the Internet technologies of data transport, file transfer, massage exchange, and information and document dissemination on the Web and explains how these may be implemented within an organization. Documentation professionals may use these techniques to improve the circulation of information within a company and increase the accumulation of knowledge
    Date
    1. 8.1996 22:01:00
  7. Crosnier, H. Le: Nouveaux besoins, nouveaux services, nouveaux catalogues (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    For users, the catalogue is a tool to assist in satisfying information demands. Bibliographic databases raise the question of how to describe a document to facilitate retrieval. Information technology development have led to the creation of hypercatalogues, affording links to related material and other services. This necessitates improved descriptive cataloguing and also improved search interfaces to simplify user manipulation, along the lines of the Web. Given the massive output of electronic documents, the librarian's role is to select, prioritise and organise. The information society and its consequent economic consequences for the social organisation of knowledge raise the prospect of marginalisation of libraries. Catalogues enable access to knowledge as a public good, but this access must be democratic
  8. Lespinasse, K.: TREC: une conference pour l'evaluation des systemes de recherche d'information (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    TREC ia an annual conference held in the USA devoted to electronic systems for large full text information searching. The conference deals with evaluation and comparison techniques developed since 1992 by participants from the research and industrial fields. The work of the conference is destined for designers (rather than users) of systems which access full text information. Describes the context, objectives, organization, evaluation methods and limits of TREC
    Date
    1. 8.1996 22:01:00
    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: TREC: the Text REtrieval Conference
  9. Sevigny, M.; Marcoux, Y.: Construction et evaluation d'un prototype d'interface-utilisateurs pour l'interrogation de bases de documents structures (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The creation of electronic information in the form of structured documents is gaining popularity. It is thus necessary to develop information retrieval tools fitted to this type of document. Presents the results of a research project aimed at identifying human-computer interface elements that can support information retrieval in structured-document bases. The research included a review of the literature and of existing systems, as well as the design, development, and user testing of a prototype information retrieval system for SGML document bases. Makes 5 recommendations for the design of structured-retrieval systems
    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: The creation and evaluation of a human-computer interface for information retrieval in structured-document bases
    Source
    Canadian journal of information and library science. 21(1996) nos.3/4, S.59-77
  10. Maniez, J.: Fusion de banques de donnees documentaires at compatibilite des languages d'indexation (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the apparently unattainable goal of compatibility of information languages. While controlled languages can improve retrieval performance within a single system, they make cooperation across different systems more difficult. The Internet and downloading accentuate this adverse outcome and the acceleration of data exchange aggravates the problem of compatibility. Defines this familiar concept and demonstrates that coherence is just as necessary as it was for indexing languages, the proliferation of which has created confusion in grouped data banks. Describes 2 types of potential solutions, similar to those applied to automatic translation of natural languages: - harmonizing the information languages themselves, both difficult and expensive, or, the more flexible solution involving automatic harmonization of indexing formulae based on pre established concordance tables. However, structural incompatibilities between post coordinated languages and classifications may lead any harmonization tools up a blind alley, while the paths of a universal concordance model are rare and narrow
    Date
    1. 8.1996 22:01:00
    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Integration of information data banks and compatibility of indexing languages
  11. Maniez, J.: Actualité des langages documentaires : fondements théoriques de la recherche d'information (2002) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Actuality of information languages: theoretical foundation of information retrieval
  12. Organisation des connaissances en vue de leur intégration dans les systèmes de représentation et de recherche d'information (1999) 0.01 
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    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: ABRAHAM, M.: ALEx, la machine où parler, c'est montrer des représentations. AUSSENAC-GILLES, N., A. CONDAMINES: Bases de connaissances terminologiques: Enjeux pour la consultation documentaire. BONHOMME, P., L. ROMARY: Apport de la statistique lexicale dans la recherche d'information. BRASSART, D.-G.: Effet de l'opposition "nom pleine vs anaphore" sur le traitment des textes épistémiques. CHEVALLET, J.-P., M.F. BRUANDET: Impact de l'utilisation de multi terms sur la qualité des résponses dùn système de recherche d'information a indexation automatique. CHIBOUT, K., A. VILNAT: Primitive sémantiques, classification des verbes et polysémie. COTE, C.: Conception de systèmes d'information utilisé dans le cours d'une activité: méthologie et outils de formalisation pour l'identification des opportunités informationelles. DACHELET, R.: Les thésauri multilingues: interopérabilité linguistique et interopérabilité sémantique. DAVID, A.A.: Modélisation de l'utilisateur et recherche coopérative dans les systèmes de recherche d'information. EYMARD, G., J.-M. FRANCONY: Vers un serveur d'indexation et de recherche sur le WEB. FERRET, O., B. GRAU U. N. MASSON: Utilisation d'un réseau de cooccurences lexikales pour a méliorer une analyse thématique fondée sur la distribution des mots. GROS, C., H. ASSADI: Intégration de connaissances dans un système de consultation de documentation technique. KOLMAYER, E.: Organisation des connaissances et expertises chez les usagers. MAJID, I.: L'organisation des connaissances dans les bibliothèques universitaires en France. MARANDA, P.: Proposition de mesure de puissance sémantique. MEUNIER, J.-G.: Vers un modèle générique des systèmes de traitment d'information. PAGANELLI, C.: Étude de l'activité des utilisaterus erepérage d'indices linguistiques pour la recherche d'information textuelle dans les documents techniques. POLANCO, X.: Extraction et modélisation des connaissances: une approche et ses technologies (EMCAT). POLITY, Y.: L'organisation des connaissances en France: état des lieux. SCHMITZ-ESSER, W.: Modélisation, au moyen d'un thésaurus encyclopédique et plurilingue, des connaissances présentées au cours de l'Exposition Mondialede l'an 2000. SIMONI, J.-L., C. FLUHR: Accès a l'information a travers les graphes de termes. TCHENAR, F.: Modélisation de l'utilisateur fondée sur ses croyances et ses buts en vue d'améliorer l'efficacité des sytèmes de recherche d'information. VAZOV, N.: Identification des differentes structures temporelles dans des textes et leur rôles dans le raisonnement temporel. VIDALENC, I., L. BOUZIDI: Nouvelle approche de conception de systèmes d'information multimédias centrée sur la distinction entre les données conceptuelles et les données sensibles. VIEIRA, L.: Modèle d'analyse pur une classification du document iconographique. ZARRI, G.P.: Utilisation de structures conceptuelles complexes pour représenter le "contenu sémantique" de textes narratifs.
    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Knowledge organisation with a view to integration with representation systems and information retrieval
  13. Polity, Y.: Vers une ergonomie linguistique (1994) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Analyzed a special type of man-mchine interaction, that of searching an information system with natural language. A model for full text processing for information retrieval was proposed that considered the system's users and how they employ information. Describes how INIST (the National Institute for Scientific and Technical Information) is developing computer assisted indexing as an aid to improving relevance when retrieving information from bibliographic data banks
  14. Duchemin, P.-Y.: ¬La recherche d'informations sur l'internet : repertoires et moteurs de recherche (1997) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The Internet links computer networks worldwide through the TCP/IP; in addition to electronic mail; bulleton board and news group services, files can be downloaded using the standard protocol FTP. Services have evolved to identify and facilitate access to Internet resources, e.g. Telnet, Gopher, WAIS, etc. The WWW is the most developed, using hypertext links. Search engines such as AltaVista explore Web content and create catalogues of Web pages. Gives details of the most commonly used subject guides, research tools and search engines, including URL and applications
    Footnote
    Übers. des Titels: Information research on the Internet: indexes and search engines
  15. Aussenac-Gilles, N.; Condamines, A.: Bases de connaissances terminologiques : Enjeux pour la consultation documentaire (1999) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Bases of terminological knowledge: stakes for information retrieval
  16. Bonhomme, P.; Romary, L.: Apport de la statistique lexicale dans la recherche d'information (1999) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Contribution of the lexical statistics in information retrieval
  17. David, A.A.: Modélisation de l'utilisateur et recherche coopérative dans les systèmes de recherche d'information (1999) 0.00 
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    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Modelling the user and co-operative searching in information retrieval systems
  18. Lehmann, K.-D.: ¬La Deutsche Bibliothek : son role dans la création d'une bibliothèque numerique pour l'Europe (1998) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Describes the building of the Deutsche Bibliothek, inaugurated at Frankfurt on Main in May 1997. Its mission is to produce electronic documents from printed materials. It affers an online catalogue with a multimedia system and is accessible via the Internet. As a centre for national bibliography, it produces around 15 million records per year, both on and off-line. It comprises part of a network of European national libraries which aims to promote the creation of a European virtual library, the constitution of a depository library for digital documents and the definition of cataloguing standards for electronic documents. Access is compatible with systems used by other libraries and information centres. This programme permits the library to play an integrating role in ermany and to cooperate in international projects
  19. Zillhardt, S.: ¬Le serveur WWW de la BNF (1997) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The National Library of France (BNF)'s Web pages provide a sample of its digital material. inclusing 14th and 15th century mansucripts, with sections on library information, products, professional information and links to BNF partners. BN-OPALE and BN-OPALINE catalogues are also available. Future developments will focus on library catalogues and networks
  20. Lupovici, C.: ¬L'¬information secondaire du document primaire : format MARC ou SGML? (1997) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Secondary information, e.g. MARC based bibliographic records, comprises structured data for identifying, tagging, retrieving and management of primary documents. SGML, the standard format for coding content and structure of primary documents, was introduced in 1986 as a publishing tool but is now being applied to bibliographic records. SGML now comprises standard definitions (DTD) for books, serials, articles and mathematical formulae. A simplified version (HTML) is used for Web pages. Pilot projects to develop SGML as a standard for bibliographic exchange include the Dublin Core, listing 13 descriptive elements for Internet documents; the French GRISELI programme using SGML for exchanging grey literature and US experiments on reformatting USMARC for use with SGML-based records
    Footnote
    Übers. des Titels: Secondary information on primary documents: MARC or SGML format?

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