Search (98 results, page 1 of 5)

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Abstract

Libraries have always been an inspiration for the standards and technologies developed by semantic web activities. However, except for the Dublin Core specification, semantic web and social networking technologies have not been widely adopted and further developed by major digital library initiatives and projects. Yet semantic technologies offer a new level of flexibility, interoperability, and relationships for digital repositories. Kruk and McDaniel present semantic web-related aspects of current digital library activities, and introduce their functionality; they show examples ranging from general architectural descriptions to detailed usages of specific ontologies, and thus stimulate the awareness of researchers, engineers, and potential users of those technologies. Their presentation is completed by chapters on existing prototype systems such as JeromeDL, BRICKS, and Greenstone, as well as a look into the possible future of semantic digital libraries. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in areas like digital libraries, the semantic web, social networks, and information retrieval. This audience will benefit from detailed descriptions of both today's possibilities and also the shortcomings of applying semantic web technologies to large digital repositories of often unstructured data.

Content

Inhalt: Introduction to Digital Libraries and Semantic Web: Introduction / Bill McDaniel and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Digital Libraries and Knowledge Organization / Dagobert Soergel - Semantic Web and Ontologies / Marcin Synak, Maciej Dabrowski and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Social Semantic Information Spaces / John G. Breslin A Vision of Semantic Digital Libraries: Goals of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel - Architecture of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Westerki and Ewelina Kruk - Long-time Preservation / Markus Reis Ontologies for Semantic Digital Libraries: Bibliographic Ontology / Maciej Dabrowski, Macin Synak and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Community-aware Ontologies / Slawomir Grzonkowski, Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Gzella, Jakub Demczuk and Bill McDaniel Prototypes of Semantic Digital Libraries: JeromeDL: The Social Semantic Digital Library / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Mariusz Cygan, Adam Gzella, Tomasz Woroniecki and Maciej Dabrowski - The BRICKS Digital Library Infrastructure / Bernhard Haslhofer and Predrag Knezevié - Semantics in Greenstone / Annika Hinze, George Buchanan, David Bainbridge and Ian Witten Building the Future - Semantic Digital Libraries in Use: Hyperbooks / Gilles Falquet, Luka Nerima and Jean-Claude Ziswiler - Semantic Digital Libraries for Archiving / Bill McDaniel - Evaluation of Semantic and Social Technologies for Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Ewelina Kruk and Katarzyna Stankiewicz - Conclusions: The Future of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel

LCSH

Semantic Web

RSWK

Elektronische Bibliothek / Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Aufsatzsammlung

Subject

Elektronische Bibliothek / Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Aufsatzsammlung
Semantic Web

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RSWK

Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung>

Subject

Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung>

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Abstract

While the Web has grown significantly in recent years, some portions of the Web remain largely underdeveloped, as shown in a lack of high-quality content and functionality. An example is the Arabic Web, in which a lack of well-structured Web directories limits users' ability to browse for Arabic resources. In this research, we proposed an approach to building Web directories for the underdeveloped Web and developed a proof-of-concept prototype called the Arabic Medical Web Directory (AMedDir) that supports browsing of over 5,000 Arabic medical Web sites and pages organized in a hierarchical structure. We conducted an experiment involving Arab participants and found that the AMedDir significantly outperformed two benchmark Arabic Web directories in terms of browsing effectiveness, efficiency, information quality, and user satisfaction. Participants expressed strong preference for the AMedDir and provided many positive comments. This research thus contributes to developing a useful Web directory for organizing the information in the Arabic medical domain and to a better understanding of how to support browsing on the underdeveloped Web.

Date

22. 3.2009 17:57:50

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Abstract

Libraries have had web presences since the introduction of the World Wide Web. Providing access to information provided by the library has been attempted through various means throughout the years but no method has been as popular or pervasive as the uses of library gateways and portals. Development of gateways and portals in libraries has been affected by many factors many of which have been outside the direct control of libraries or librarians. Both the history of library practice in this area and these external factors have had a substantial impact on the state of library portal and gateway development today.

Date

27. 8.2011 14:22:27

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Abstract

The BAER Web Resources Group was charged in October 1999 with defining and describing the parameters of electronic resources that do not clearly belong to the categories being defined by the BAER Digital Group or the BAER Electronic Journals Group. After some difficulty identifying precisely which resources fell under the Group's charge, we finally named the following types of resources for our consideration: web sites, electronic texts, indexes, databases and abstracts, online reference resources, and networked and non-networked CD-ROMs. Electronic resources are a vast and growing collection that touch nearly every department within the Library. It is unrealistic to think one department can effectively administer all aspects of the collection. The Group then began to focus on the concern of bibliographic access to these varied resources, and to define parameters for handling or processing them within the Library. Some key elements became evident as the work progressed. * Selection process of resources to be acquired for the collection * Duplication of effort * Use of CORC * Resource Finder design * Maintenance of Resource Finder * CD-ROMs not networked * Communications * Voyager search limitations. An unexpected collaboration with the Web Development Committee on the Resource Finder helped to steer the Group to more detailed descriptions of bibliographic access. This collaboration included development of data elements for the Resource Finder database, and some discussions on Library staff processing of the resources. The Web Resources Group invited expert testimony to help the Group broaden its view to envision public use of the resources and discuss concerns related to technical services processing. The first testimony came from members of the Resource Finder Committee. Some background information on the Web Development Resource Finder Committee was shared. The second testimony was from librarians who select electronic texts. Three main themes were addressed: accessing CD-ROMs; the issue of including non-networked CD-ROMs in the Resource Finder; and, some special concerns about electronic texts. The third testimony came from librarians who select indexes and abstracts and also provide Reference services. Appendices to this report include minutes of the meetings with the experts (Appendix A), a list of proposed data elements to be used in the Resource Finder (Appendix B), and recommendations made to the Resource Finder Committee (Appendix C). Below are summaries of the key elements.

Date

21. 4.2002 10:22:31

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Abstract

Information subject gateways provide targeted discovery services for their users, giving access to Web resources selected according to quality and subject coverage criteria. Information gateways recognise that they must collaborate on a wide range of issues relating to content to ensure continued success. This report is informed by discussion of content activities at the 1999 Imesh Workshop. The author considers the implications for subject based gateways of co-operation regarding coverage policy, creation of metadata, and provision of searching and browsing across services. Other possibilities for co-operation include working more closely with information providers, and diclosure of information in joint metadata registries

Date

22. 6.2002 19:38:54

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Abstract

This article presents an exploratory study of Blobgects, an experimental interface for an online museum catalog that enables social tagging and blogging activity around a set of cultural heritage objects held by a preeminent museum of anthropology and archaeology. This study attempts to understand not just whether social tagging and commenting about these objects is useful but rather whose tags and voices matter in presenting different expert perspectives around digital museum objects. Based on an empirical comparison between two different user groups (Canadian Inuit high-school students and museum studies students in the United States), we found that merely adding the ability to tag and comment to the museum's catalog does not sufficiently allow users to learn about or engage with the objects represented by catalog entries. Rather, the specialist language of the catalog provides too little contextualization for users to enter into the sort of dialog that proponents of Web 2.0 technologies promise. Overall, we propose a more nuanced application of Web 2.0 technologies within museums - one which provides a contextual basis that gives users a starting point for engagement and permits users to make sense of objects in relation to their own needs, uses, and understandings.

Date

22. 3.2009 18:52:32

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Abstract

The Europeana, the European digital library web-service, is being developed in the framework of the EU-funded network EDLnet. The demo version of this webservice was shown at an international conference at the German National Library in Frankfurt on 1 February 2008, the prototype will be launched in November 2008. In November 2007 the EDL Foundation was established to provide cross-domain multilingual access to Europe's cultural heritage. It will facilitate formal agreement across museums, archives, audio-visual archives and libraries on how to cooperate in the delivery and sustainability of a joint portal and will provide a legal framework for use by the EU for funding purposes and as a springboard for future governance. The European Commission is supporting the process towards the Europeana with a set of projects centering on The European Library. This webservice created by the European national libraries is seen as one of the major building blocks of the Europeana.

Date

22. 2.2009 19:11:35

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Date

22. 6.2002 19:42:22

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Content

"Wissenschaftler brauchen fundierte Informationen aus Quellen, auf die man sich verlassen kann. Die Suche nach solchen Quellen, wissenschaftlichen Aufsätzen, Dissertationen, Büchern, Datenbanken und Linklisten gestaltete sich bislang schwierig: Bibliotheken oder Verlage von Fachzeitschriften mussten einzeln angesteuert werden, einen zentralen, einheitlichen und einfachen Zugang gab es bislang, nicht. Das soll sich jetzt ändern: Das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) und von der Deutschen; Forschungsgemeinsehaft (DFG) geförderte Internetportal "vascoda", das nach dem Willen seiner Initiatoren auch Grundbaustein für die "Digitale Bibliothek Deutschland" sein soll, will Forschern Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Information unterschiedlichster Fachrichtungen und unterschiedlichster Formate bieten. Das ist bundesweit in dieser Form ebenso einzigartig wie die Tatsache, dass die an vascoda angeschlossenen Datenbanken ausschließlich ;,geprüfte" Informationen liefern sollen: "Fachbibliothekare und Fachwissenschaftler der Anbieter, die sich unter dem vascoda-Dach zusammengeschlossen haben, prüfen, welche Texte vdrfügbar gemacht werden", sagt Christine Burblies von der vascoda-Geschäftsstelle in Hannover. "So können wir gewährleisten, dass die Informationen wissenschaftlichen Ansprüchen genügen." Das macht dann auch den wesentlichen Unterschied zu anderen Suchmaschinen aus: Die Suchmaske des Wissenschaftsportals ist zwar ähnlich einfach zu handhaben wie die Internet-Suchmaschine Google - vascoda verirrt sich aber nicht im World Wide Web. Und während andere Internet-Suchmaschinen nicht den Zugriff auf das so genannte "invisible web" bieten, also beispielsweise auf Bibliothekskataloge, ermöglicht vascoda auch den Zugriff auf dieses unsichtbare Netz. Das Wissenschaftsportal ist unentgeltlich nutzbar, und auch ein Großteil der Informationen ist kostenlos zu beziehen. Es sind aber auch kostenpflichtige Informationen verfügbar - zum Beispiel aus Verlagsangeboten und kommerziellen Datenbanken. Wer Informationen etwa zu soziologischen Fragen sucht, landet sicher auch auf den Internetseiten des Instituts für Soziologie in Darmstadt (www.ifs.tu-darmstadt.de/forsch.htm), das ebenso zu den vascoda-Anbietern gehört wie das Deutsche Institut für Internationale Pädagogik (DIPF) in Frankfurt (www.dipfde/index_1024.htm). In vascoda eingebunden sind zur Zeit 23 virtuelle Fachbibliotheken (ViFas), die vier großen Informationsverbünde EconDoc (Wirtschaft), GetInfo (Naturwissenschaften und Technik), infoconnex (Pädagogik, Sozialwissenschaften, Psychologie) und Medizin sowie die Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (EZB), ein kooperativer Service von 209 Bibliotheken zur Bereitstellung von elektronischen Zeitschriften, -die im Internet publiziert werden. "Wir planen überdies die Erweiterung um das Fach Germanistik, und wenn es soweit ist, wird die Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt diesen Service bereitstellen", sagt Burblies."

Date

17. 7.1996 9:33:22

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Abstract

Library and Archives Canada (LAC) has capitalized on the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) potential for organizing Web resources in two projects. Since 1995, LAC has been providing a service that offers links to authoritative Web resources about Canada categorized according to the DDC via its Web site. More recently, LAC has partnered with the federal government Department of Canadian Heritage to manage Web content related to Canadian culture in a DDC-based subject tree. Although the DDC works well to organize a broadly-based collection, challenges have been encountered in adapting it for a specific subject domain.

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Abstract

PhysNet (www.physnet.net) is a portal for Physics run since 1995 and continuously being developed; it today uses an OWLLite ontology and mySQL database for storing triples with the facts, such as department information, postal addresses, GPS coordinates, URLs of publication repositories, etc. The article focuses on the structure and the development of the underlying ontology; it also gives a detailed overview of an online web-based editorial tool, to maintain the facts database.

Footnote

Simultaneously published as Knitting the Semantic Web

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

Introduction to various classificatory structures currently used to organize and make collections of Web-based resources in education more accessible to educators, education specialists, and the general public. Presentation of other models which could also be useful.

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Abstract

A subject gateway, in the context of network-based resource access, can be defined as some facility that allows easier access to network-based resources in a defined subject area. The simplest types of subject gateways are sets of Web pages containing lists of links to resources. Some gateways index their lists of links and provide a simple search facility. More advanced gateways offer a much enhanced service via a system consisting of a resource database and various indexes, which can be searched and/or browsed through a Web-based interface. Each entry in the database contains information about a network-based resource, such as a Web page, Web site, mailing list or document. Entries are usually created by a cataloguer manually identifying a suitable resource, describing the resource using a template, and submitting the template to the database for indexing. Subject gateways are also known as subject-based information gateways (SBIGs), subject-based gateways, subject index gateways, virtual libraries, clearing houses, subject trees, pathfinders and other variations thereof. This paper describes the characteristics of some of the subject gateways currently accessible through the Web, and compares them to automatic "vacuum cleaner" type search engines, such as AltaVista. The application of WHOIS++, centroids, query routing, and forward knowledge to searching several of these subject gateways simultaneously is outlined. The paper concludes with looking at some of the issues facing subject gateway development in the near future. The paper touches on many of the issues mentioned in a previous paper in D-Lib Magazine, especially regarding resource-discovery related initiatives and services.

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Abstract

Purpose - The paper aims to argue that digital library retrieval should be based on semantic representations and propose a semantic infrastructure for digital libraries. Design/methodology/approach - The approach taken is formal model based on subject representation for digital libraries. Findings - Search engines and search techniques have fallen short of user expectations as they do not give context based retrieval. Deploying semantic web technologies would lead to efficient and more precise representation of digital library content and hence better retrieval. Though digital libraries often have metadata of information resources which can be accessed through OAI-PMH, much remains to be accomplished in making digital libraries semantic web compliant. This paper presents a semantic infrastructure for digital libraries, that will go a long way in providing them and web based information services with products highly customised to users needs. Research limitations/implications - Here only a model for semantic infrastructure is proposed. This model is proposed after studying current user-centric, top-down models adopted in digital library service architectures. Originality/value - This paper gives a generic model for building semantic infrastructure for digital libraries. Faceted ontologies for digital libraries is just one approach. But the same may be adopted by groups working with different approaches in building ontologies to realise efficient retrieval in digital libraries.

Footnote

Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Digital libraries and the semantic web: context, applications and research".

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

Das Informationsportal für Informatik »io-port.net« erschließt internationale Fachliteratur unter einem zentralen Zugang im Web. Zur Verfügung stehen ein kostenloser Basisdienst sowie kostenpflichtige Mehrwertlizenzen.

Content

"Web-Portale werden zu immer besseren Fachinformationsquellen. Mit »io-port.net« (www. io-port.net) gibt es für die Informatik seit kurzem ein Portal, in dem moderne semantische Softwarewerkzeuge die Suche nach internationalen Veröffentlichungen unterstützen und bei der Verwaltung der persönlichen Fachbibliothek helfen. Bereits jetzt sind mehr als zwei Millionen Zeitschriftenartikel, Konferenzbeiträge, Dissertationen oder technische Berichte zur Informatik und zu verwandten Forschungsgebieten über io-port.net zentral unter einem Web-Zugang verfügbar. Die Nutzung des io-port. net Basisdienstes ist kostenlos. Mehrwertdienste, von der erweiterten Suche (mit Wortstammreduktion, Trunkierung und Verknüpfung) bis hin zur Nutzung der semantischen Werkzeuge, die beispielsweise Vorschläge für Suchbegriffe machen oder Fachpublikationen dem persönlichen Arbeitskontext des Nutzers zuordnen, sind kostenpflichtig. Mitglieder der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) können die Mehrwertlizenz zu einem Sonderpreis von 50 Euro pro Jahr erwerben. Die reguläre Einzelplatzlizenz kostet 125 Euro. io-port.net erfasst internationale wissenschaftliche Fachpublikationen und verknüpft die bibliografischen Angaben mit zahlreichen weiteren Web-Informationsquellen, zum Beispiel mit den Homepages von Autoren, Instituten, Bibliotheken und Verlagen, mit Volltextlieferdiensten, Publikationslisten von Autoren und anderen interessanten weiterführenden Quellen."

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Abstract

cibera als Fachinformationsportal zum spanischen und portugiesischen Sprach-und Kulturraum haben meine Kolleginnen und ich bereits in einem zweiteiligen Bibliotheksdienst-Artikel zur Jahreswende 2005/2006 ausführlich vorgestellt. Im vorliegenden Text geht es nun darum, wie die Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg durch die Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Konzepten, die die ViFa in Richtung Web 2.0 erweitern, das Fachportal für die Wissenschaft und die interessierte Öffentlichkeit noch attraktiver gestaltet. "Mitmachweb", "Nutzer dort abholen, wo sie sind" und "Vernetzung mit der Fachcommunity" sind dabei nicht nur theoretische Stichworte, sondern in die Praxis umgesetzte Ziele einer modernen bibliothekarischen Informationsarbeit. Was erwartet Sie in diesem Artikel? Einleitend eine kurze Vorstellung von cibera, gefolgt von allgemeinen Vorüberlegungen, warum es für Virtuelle Fachbibliotheken (und sicher auch für verwandte bibliothekarische Informationsdienste) sinnvoll ist, sich mit dem Thema einer Web-2.0-Implementierung zu beschäftigen. Im Zentrum des Artikels steht dann ein Erfahrungsbericht aus der Praxis. Ein Ausblick darauf, was im Rahmen unserer Zielsetzung, cibera noch stärker mit der Fachcommunity zu vernetzen, im Verlauf des Jahres 2009 noch umgesetzt werden soll, schließt den Artikel ab. Falls Sie Interesse an detaillierteren Informationen haben sollten, hier eine wichtige Bemerkung vorneweg: Ich werde dieses Jahr am Bibliothekartag in Erfurt teilnehmen, sprechen Sie mich also im Vorfeld oder gerne auch vor Ort an, wenn Sie Fragen zu dem Thema Web 2.0 als Chance für die Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken haben.

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Abstract

Clearinghouses - or subject gateways - are domain-specific collections of links to resources an the Internet. The links are described with metadata and structured according to a domain-specific subject hierarchy. Users access the information by searching in the metadata or by browsing the subject hierarchy. The standards for metadata vary across existing Clearinghouses and different technologies for storing and accessing the metadata are used. This makes it difficult to distribute the editorial or administrative work involved in maintaining a clearinghouse, or to exchange information with other systems. DBClear is a generic, platform-independent clearinghouse system, whose metadata schema can be adapted to different standards. The data is stored in a relational database. It includes a workflow component to Support distributed maintenance and automation modules for link checking and metadata extraction. The presentation of the clearinghouse an the Web can be modified to allow seamless integration into existing web sites.

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Abstract

Librarians have long sought to select, evaluate, and organize information on the Internet. Efforts began with individual librarians sharing bookmark files of favorite sites and progressed to increasingly large, collaboratively produced general and subject/discipline-specific gateway Web sites or megasites. Megasites list major resources usually in a particular subject area or discipline. Library portals that review, evaluate, and sometimes rate and rank resources grew from some of these Web sites. Both megasites and portals serve as gateways to the Internet. Many portals have developed from relatively small static files into large, dynamically generated databases providing descriptive annotations of selected resources and are increasingly overseen as global projects with formal policies and procedures. Portals now provide increasingly complex and sophisticated browse and search capabilities with a multitude of access points, often including call numbers and subject headings. These are described and compared. Future trends such as increased collaboration among portals; automated location, selection, and cataloging of resources; integration of multiple resource types; and increased access to full-content and virtual library services are also discussed.

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Abstract

Digital libraries have become one of the most important Web services for information seeking. One of their main drawbacks is their global approach: In general, there is just one interface for all users. One of the key elements in improving user satisfaction in digital libraries is personalization. When considering personalizing factors, cognitive styles have been proved to be one of the relevant parameters that affect information seeking. This justifies the introduction of cognitive style as one of the parameters of a Web personalized service. Nevertheless, this approach has one major drawback: Each user has to run a time-consuming test that determines his or her cognitive style. In this article, we present a study of how different classification systems can be used to automatically identify the cognitive style of a user using the set of interactions with a digital library. These classification systems can be used to automatically personalize, from a cognitive-style point of view, the interaction of the digital library and each of its users.