Search (152 results, page 1 of 8)

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Abstract

Describes the EDUCATE (End User Courses in Information Access through Communications Technology) project for end user training in information access. EDUCATE is a Commission of the European Communities, Libraries Programme Project, involving: Limerick University, Ireland (coordinator); and the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, France; Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden; Imperial College, London; and Plymouth University, UK; and Barcelona University, Spain. the aim is to produce a model self paced user education course in the selection and use of information tools. Courses have been produced within physics and electric and electronic engineering. the project started in Feb 94 and will run for 3 years. Describes the course ddesign and the media developed. Discusses the use of networks in connection with EDUCATE and notes the tools and interfaces used

Source

IFLA journal. 22(1996) no.1, S.31-34

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Abstract

Selecting electronic resources requires both a policy statement to guide collection development and management and procedures to manage the process of selecting and handling these resources. Both policy and procedures must be crafted in response to local priorities, resources, limitations, and organizational structure. This paper examines issues that should be addressed when developing local procedures. Particular emphasis is given to preparing a mechanism to guide selection. One possible model - a decision-making matrix to guide selection between various media and modes of information delivery - is explored.

Series

Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.22, nos.3/4

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Abstract

The success or failure of social media is highly dependent on the active participation of its users. In order to examine the influential factors that inspire dynamic and eager participation, this study investigates what motivates social media users to share their personal experiences, information, and social support with anonymous others. A variety of information-sharing activities in social media, including creating postings, photos, and videos in 5 different types of social media: Facebook, Twitter, Delicious, YouTube, and Flickr, were observed. Ten factors: enjoyment, self-efficacy, learning, personal gain, altruism, empathy, social engagement, community interest, reciprocity, and reputation, were tested to identify the motivations of social media users based on reviews of major motivation theories and models. Findings from this study indicate that all of the 10 motivations are influential in encouraging users' information sharing to some degree and strongly correlate with one another. At the same time, motivations differ across the 5 types of social media, given that they deliver different information content and serve different purposes. Understanding such differences in motivations could benefit social media developers and those organizations or institutes that would like to use social media to facilitate communication among their community members; appropriate types of social media could be chosen that would fit their own purposes and they could develop strategies that would encourage their members to contribute to their communities through social media.

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Abstract

This paper highlights some of the significant findings from author's PhD: "Factors affecting the end-use of electronic databases in public libraries." Public libraries have a wide range of different types of users who, unlike academic or special library users, are not necessarily information-trained (see Coles, 1998). Whereas the academic, special library user may have specific information needs that can be met by electronic sources, public library users do not necessarily have such specific information needs that can easily be identified and met. Most user surveys have tended to concentrate on the searching and retrieval aspect of information seeking behaviour, whereas this study's user survey focused more on how people perceived and related to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). It was not how people searched a particular electronic source, in this case CD-ROM, that was of prime interest but rather whether or not people actually used them at all and the reasons why people did or did not use electronic media. There were several reasons the study looked at CD-ROM specifically. Firstly, CD-ROM is a well established technology, most people should be familiar with CD-ROM/multimedia. Secondly, CD-ROM was, at the start of the study, the only open access electronic media widely available in public libraries. As well as examining why public library users chose to use electronic sources, the paper looks at the types of CD-ROM databases used both in the library and in general Also examined are what sort of searches users carried out. Where appropriate some of the problems inherent in studying end-users in public libraries and the difficulty in getting reliable data, are discussed. Several methods were used to collect the data. I wished to avoid limiting research to a small sample of library sites, the aim was to be as broad in scope as possible. There were two main groups of people 1 wished to look at: non-users as well as CD-ROM users

Date

22. 3.2002 8:51:28

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Abstract

In this paper results of a field study into the need for research information of different user groups are presented: scientists, policy makers and policy researchers, industry and media. Main questions of semi-structured interviews were: what kind of research information users need, what kind of research information resources are used and which information resources are missing at the moment. User groups are missing for a diversity of reasons the overview of research, experts and institutes in the different scientific fields. Especially for the accessibility and transparency of the scientific world these overviews are reported to be needed. Neither Google nor any of the research institutes or policy research organisations are able to present surveys for different science fields at the moment. Giving users the possibility to search, browse and navigate through accessible and more specialised layers of research information might give answers to different user groups simultaneously.

Date

2. 7.2005 12:22:50

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to measure the efficiency of the system by which scientists worldwide communicate results to each other, providing one measure of the degree to which the system, including all media, functions well. A randomly selected and representative sample of 246 active research scientists worldwide was surveyed. The main measure was the reported rate of "late finds": scientific literature that would have been useful to scientists' projects if it had been found at the beginning of these projects. The main result was that 46% of the sample reported late finds (±6.25%, p0.05). Among respondents from European Union countries or other countries classified as "high income" by the World Bank, 42% reported late finds. Among respondents from low- and middle-income countries, 56% reported late finds. The 42% rate in high-income countries in 2009 can be compared with results of earlier surveys by Martyn (1964a, b, 1987). These earlier surveys found a rate of 22% late finds in 1963-1964 and a rate of 27% in 1985-1986. Respondents were also queried about search habits, but this study failed to support any explanations for this increase in the rate of late finds. This study also permits a crude estimate of the cost in time and money of the increase in late finds.

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Abstract

Large amounts of health-related information of different types are available on the web. In addition to authoritative health information sites maintained by government health departments and healthcare institutions, there are many social media sites carrying user-contributed information. This study sought to identify the types of drug information available on consumer-contributed drug review sites when compared with authoritative drug information websites. Content analysis was performed on the information available for nine drugs on three authoritative sites (RxList, eMC, and PDRhealth) as well as three drug review sites (WebMD, RateADrug, and PatientsLikeMe). The types of information found on authoritative sites but rarely on drug review sites include pharmacology, special population considerations, contraindications, and drug interactions. Types of information found only on drug review sites include drug efficacy, drug resistance experienced by long-term users, cost of drug in relation to insurance coverage, availability of generic forms, comparison with other similar drugs and with other versions of the drug, difficulty in using the drug, and advice on coping with side effects. Drug efficacy ratings by users were found to be different across the three sites. Side effects were vividly described in context, with user assessment of severity based on discomfort and effect on their lives.

Date

22. 1.2016 12:24:05

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Abstract

Resource based teaching is now being promoted in schools across the USA. Resource based teaching involves teachers and school librarians working together in partnership to plan, teach and evaluate instructional units which more fully employ the media resources and skills available. It requires full integration of library research and reference skills into the school's curriculum. Discusses the librarian's role in curriculum planning, the problems that may face librarians as they push for implementation of resource based teaching and the broad competencies required of media specialists in order for resource based teaching to be properly implemented. Resource based teaching ensures the fullest potential ise of all library media as resources not just for library skills instruction but for research and information seeking reference tools instruction, for problem solving skills development, and for delivery of the total school curriculum

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Abstract

CD-ROM based information retrieval systems, which have been used in academic libraries since the late 80's are now being found in many high school library media centres. The purpose of this study was to determine if students who use the CD-ROM database found more articles in less time than those who used the print version of the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature and if they were more satisfied with this search method

Source

Journal of educational media and library sciences. 31(1994) no.3, S.272-292

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Abstract

Urges librarians engaged in bibliographical instruction to develop programmes in mass media news sources, and suggests how the theory of news framing and sourcing may be used to develop critical thinking, in particular for multicultural populations. Reports on a comparison of 2 news topics as they were covered by what are described as corporate news sources and independent non corporate sources. Suggests ways in which decisions about framing and sourcing can serve an ideological agenda that is not sensitive to multicultural viewpoints

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Abstract

As the nature of information becomes increasingly complex, academic librarians might wish to use critical thinking and media literacy approaches in bibliographic instruction. However, librarians have at the same time to guard against influencing a patron's choice of reference tools because such influence may reflect a bias on the part of the librarian. Presents a case study which compares reprint articles in the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail with their originals taken from the New York Times. Findings show that these reprints all undergo reduction and that those dealing with controversial issues experience significantly greater cuts than articles dealing with subjects such as lifestyle and business, thus affecting readers' perception of the presented issues. This case study indicates the responsibility of the academic librarian to warn patrons about the limitations of what may appear to be unimpaechable reference tools and to integrate news media literacy and critical thinking skills into active reference work

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Abstract

This study focuses on the ways in which people define their source preferences in the context of seeking orienting information for nonwork purposes. The conceptual framework of the study combines ideas drawn from social phenomenology and information-seeking studies. The study utilizes Alfred Schutz's model describing the ways in which actors structure everyday knowledge into regions of decreasing relevance. It is assumed that this structuring based on the actor's interest at hand is also reflected in the ways in which an actor prefers information sources and channels. The concept of information source horizon is used to elicit articulations of source preferences. The empirical part of the study draws on interviews with 20 individuals active in environmental issues. Printed media (newspapers), the Internet, and broadcast media (radio, television) were preferred in seeking for orienting information. The major source preferences were content of information, and availability and accessibility. Usability of information sources, user characteristics such as media habits, and situational factors were mentioned less frequently as preference criteria.

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Abstract

This study is based an earlier research by the author that employed social judgment analysis (SJA; J. SteflMabry, 2001, 2003) to identify the information judgment preferences held by professional groups. This study explores the extent to which individuals, professional groups, and subgroups are self-aware of their judgment profiles. Three specialized groups of professionals-law enforcement, medicine, and education-were chosen to determine if preference profiles cluster around professions or around demographic and other background variables. As the proliferation of data continues to increase, the need to understand users' media preference and selection decisions is of tremendous value to every industry, governmental agency, and institution of learning. In 1966, H. Menzel first raised concern about the reliability of users' to self-assess, and scientists continue to explore the issue of competency in human judgment. To understand the reliability of users' self-assessment regarding media preferences, this study examines the extent to which individuals and groups are self-aware of the empirical judgment profiles they employ in evaluating information source scenarios. This investigation explores the congruence of three groups of professionals' self-reported media preferences as compared to their empirical judgment values, as defined by social judgment analysis.

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Abstract

There is very little qualitative data on what impact the Internet is having on information seeking in the workplace. Using open-ended interviews, questionnaires and observation, the impact of the Internet on the British Media was assessed. The focus was largely on newspapers, with The Guardian being covered in some depth. Over 300 journalists and media librarians were surveyed. It was found that amongst traditional journalists use was light. Poor access to the Internet - and good access to other information resources - were largely the reasons for this. Of the journalists it was mainly the older and more senior journalists and the New Media journalists who used the Internet. Librarians were also significant users. Searching the World Wide Web was the principal Internet activity and use was generally conservative in character. Newspapers and official sites were favoured, and searches were mainly of a fact-checking nature. Email was used on a very limited scale and was not regarded as a serious journalistic tool. Non-users were partly put off by the Internet's potential for overloading them with information and its reputation for producing information of suspect quality. Users generally dismissed these concerns, dealing with potential overload and quality problems largely by using authoritative sites and exploiting the lower quality data where it was needed. Where the Internet has been used it has not been at the expense of other information sources or communication channels, but online hosts seem to be at most risk in the future.

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Abstract

Changing the teaching media from chalkboard to computer-based does not only develop IT-awareness among teaching staff but also enhance their readiness to teach and quality of teaching. As a result, the students pay more attention to the lectures and in the long run students get better knowledge and understanding about the course. In the developing countries reading habit is still a practice done by quite a few people. The changing of teaching media as well as the shift from teacher-centered learning to student-centered learning has changed the way students acquire knowledge and make use of the library and multimedia facilities. Gadjah Mada University has been working hard to change the method of teaching by helping the teaching staff develop IT-based teaching materials and put them on the intranet; making teaching material databases available through the digital library; and providing easier access to the library users. In addition, IM text messaging, blogs and mailinglist have been the media to discuss and share ideas and knowledge among lecturers and students too.

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Abstract

Examines the traditional role of the reference librarian and considers changes as the result of information technology. CD-ROMs are revolutionising the way reference services are organised; they change the priorities and affect the basic skills of the staff. The changes that occur are evident in 5 major areas: the range of databases in a multi-media environment; the chnaging function of the reference service; the retraining of staff and users; the changing of reference interview; and the reappraisal of user education

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Abstract

Describes Anything goes! based on Online Reference for Expertise in Opera (ORFEO), an expert system to help answer the user's reference type questions about opera. Anything goes! provides a more detailed description of the citations and a separation of the program from the database thus facilitating the modification of each unit. Compares electronic and print media. Discusses the development of Anything goes! and the program destails

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: LIEVROUW, L.A.: Information resources and democracy: understanding the paradox; BRAMAN, S.: The autopoietic state: communication and democratic potential in the net; DERVIN, B.: Information <-> democrary: an examination of underlying assumptions; NEWHAGEN, J.E.: Media use and political efficacy: the suburbanization of race and class; MARTINEZ, M.E.: Access to informazion technologies among school-age children: implications for a democratic society; ROGERS, E.M., L. COLLINS-JARVIS u. J. SCHMITZ: The PEN project in Santa Monica: interactive communication, equality, and political action; SUN, S.-L. u. G.A. BARNETT: The international telephone network and democratization

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Abstract

Describes problems involved in the complex process of scientific communication, caused of science illiteracy, and possible remedies of the problem. The autor encouraged the audience to become science literate by reading popular science literature, watching science programs on television and visiting science museums but to be aware of factors contributing to science illiteracy in the various media

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Source

Information media and technology. 24(1991) no.3, S.108-109