-
Schmitz-Esser, W.: Formalizing terminology-based knowledge for an ontology independently of a particular language (2008)
0.02
0.015645592 = product of:
0.062582366 = sum of:
0.062582366 = weight(_text_:open in 1680) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.062582366 = score(doc=1680,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20964009 = queryWeight, product of:
4.5032015 = idf(docFreq=1330, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.2985229 = fieldWeight in 1680, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.5032015 = idf(docFreq=1330, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1680)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- Last word ontological thought and practice is exemplified on an axiomatic framework [a model for an Integrative Cross-Language Ontology (ICLO), cf. Poli, R., Schmitz-Esser, W., forthcoming 2007] that is highly general, based on natural language, multilingual, can be implemented as topic maps and may be openly enhanced by software available for particular languages. Basics of ontological modelling, conditions for construction and maintenance, and the most salient points in application are addressed, such as cross-language text mining and knowledge generation. The rationale is to open the eyes for the tremendous potential of terminology-based ontologies for principled Knowledge Organization and the interchange and reuse of formalized knowledge.
-
Ruge, G.: ¬A spreading activation network for automatic generation of thesaurus relationships (1991)
0.01
0.01103789 = product of:
0.04415156 = sum of:
0.04415156 = product of:
0.08830312 = sum of:
0.08830312 = weight(_text_:22 in 4506) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08830312 = score(doc=4506,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 4506, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4506)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 8.10.2000 11:52:22
-
Mikacic, M.: Statistical system for subject designation (SSSD) for libraries in Croatia (1996)
0.01
0.008919963 = product of:
0.03567985 = sum of:
0.03567985 = product of:
0.0713597 = sum of:
0.0713597 = weight(_text_:22 in 2943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0713597 = score(doc=2943,freq=4.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.4377287 = fieldWeight in 2943, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2943)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 31. 7.2006 14:22:21
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 22(1996) no.1, S.77-93
-
Schmitz-Esser, W.: Language of general communication and concept compatibility (1996)
0.01
0.007884207 = product of:
0.03153683 = sum of:
0.03153683 = product of:
0.06307366 = sum of:
0.06307366 = weight(_text_:22 in 6089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06307366 = score(doc=6089,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 6089, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6089)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Pages
- S.11-22
-
Degez, D.: Compatibilité des langages d'indexation mariage, cohabitation ou fusion? : Quelques examples concrèts (1998)
0.01
0.005518945 = product of:
0.02207578 = sum of:
0.02207578 = product of:
0.04415156 = sum of:
0.04415156 = weight(_text_:22 in 2245) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04415156 = score(doc=2245,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 2245, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2245)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
-
Dextre Clarke, S.G.: Thesaural relationships (2001)
0.01
0.005518945 = product of:
0.02207578 = sum of:
0.02207578 = product of:
0.04415156 = sum of:
0.04415156 = weight(_text_:22 in 1149) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04415156 = score(doc=1149,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 1149, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1149)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 22. 9.2007 15:45:57
-
Boteram, F.: Semantische Relationen in Dokumentationssprachen : vom Thesaurus zum semantischen Netz (2010)
0.01
0.005518945 = product of:
0.02207578 = sum of:
0.02207578 = product of:
0.04415156 = sum of:
0.04415156 = weight(_text_:22 in 4792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04415156 = score(doc=4792,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 4792, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4792)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Source
- Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly
-
Maniez, J.: Fusion de banques de donnees documentaires at compatibilite des languages d'indexation (1997)
0.00
0.0047305245 = product of:
0.018922098 = sum of:
0.018922098 = product of:
0.037844196 = sum of:
0.037844196 = weight(_text_:22 in 2246) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037844196 = score(doc=2246,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 2246, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2246)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
-
Jia, J.: From data to knowledge : the relationships between vocabularies, linked data and knowledge graphs (2021)
0.00
0.0039421036 = product of:
0.015768414 = sum of:
0.015768414 = product of:
0.03153683 = sum of:
0.03153683 = weight(_text_:22 in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03153683 = score(doc=106,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Date
- 22. 1.2021 14:24:32
-
¬The LCSH century : One hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000)
0.00
0.0029544784 = product of:
0.0118179135 = sum of:
0.0118179135 = product of:
0.023635827 = sum of:
0.023635827 = weight(_text_:access in 1224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.023635827 = score(doc=1224,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15778996 = queryWeight, product of:
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.14979297 = fieldWeight in 1224, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1224)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: BACKGROUND: Alva T STONE: The LCSH Century: A Brief History of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and Introduction to the Centennial Essays - THEORY AND PRINCIPLES: Elaine SVENONIUS: LCSH: Semantics, Syntax and Specificity; Heidi Lee HOERMAN u. Kevin A. FURNISS: Turning Practice into Principles: A Comparison of the IFLA: Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the Principles Underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings System; Hope A. OLSON: Difference, Culture and Change:The Untapped Potential of LCSH - ONLINE ENVIRONMENT: Pauline Atherton COCHRANE: Improving LCSH for Use in Online Catalogs Revisited-What Progress Has Been Made? What Issues Still Remain?; Gregory WOOL: Filing and Precoordination: How Subject Headings Are Displayed in Online Catalogs and Why It Matters; Stephen HEARN: Machine-Assisted Validation of LC Subject Headings: Implications for Authority File Structure - SPECIFIC PERSPECTIVES: Thomas MANN: Teaching Library of Congress Subject Headings; Louisa J. KREIDER: LCSH Works! Subject Searching Effectiveness at the Cleveland Public Library and the Growth of Library of Congress Subject Headings Through Cooperation; Harriette HEMMASI u J. Bradford YOUNG: LCSH for Music: Historical and Empirical Perspectives; Joseph MILLER u. Patricia KUHR: LCSH and Periodical Indexing: Adoption vs. Adaptation; David P MILLER: Out from Under: Form/Genre Access in LCSH - WORLD VIEW: Magda HEINER-FREILING: Survey on Subject Heading Languages Used in National Libraries and Bibliographies; Andrew MacEWAN: Crossing Language Barriers in Europe: Linking LCSH to Other Subject Heading Languages; Alvaro QUIJANO-SOLIS u.a.: Automated Authority Files of Spanish-Language Subject Headings - FUTURE PROSPECTS: Lois Mai CHAN u. Theodora HODGES: Entering the Millennium: a new century for LCSH
-
Fugmann, R.: ¬The complementarity of natural and indexing languages (1985)
0.00
0.0029544784 = product of:
0.0118179135 = sum of:
0.0118179135 = product of:
0.023635827 = sum of:
0.023635827 = weight(_text_:access in 3641) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.023635827 = score(doc=3641,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15778996 = queryWeight, product of:
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.14979297 = fieldWeight in 3641, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=3641)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- The second Cranfield experiment (Cranfield II) in the mid-1960s challenged assumptions held by librarians for nearly a century, namely, that the objective of providing subject access was to bring together all materials an a given topic and that the achieving of this objective required vocabulary control in the form of an index language. The results of Cranfield II were replicated by other retrieval experiments quick to follow its lead and increasing support was given to the opinion that natural language information systems could perform at least as effectively, and certainly more economically, than those employing index languages. When the results of empirical research dramatically counter conventional wisdom, an obvious course is to question the validity of the research and, in the case of retrieval experiments, this eventually happened. Retrieval experiments were criticized for their artificiality, their unrepresentative sampies, and their problematic definitions-particularly the definition of relevance. In the minds of some, at least, the relative merits of natural languages vs. indexing languages continued to be an unresolved issue. As with many eitherlor options, a seemingly safe course to follow is to opt for "both," and indeed there seems to be an increasing amount of counsel advising a combination of natural language and index language search capabilities. One strong voice offering such counsel is that of Robert Fugmann, a chemist by training, a theoretician by predilection, and, currently, a practicing information scientist at Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main. This selection from his writings sheds light an the capabilities and limitations of both kinds of indexing. Its special significance lies in the fact that its arguments are based not an empirical but an rational grounds. Fugmann's major argument starts from the observation that in natural language there are essentially two different kinds of concepts: 1) individual concepts, repre sented by names of individual things (e.g., the name of the town Augsburg), and 2) general concepts represented by names of classes of things (e.g., pesticides). Individual concepts can be represented in language simply and succinctly, often by a single string of alphanumeric characters; general concepts, an the other hand, can be expressed in a multiplicity of ways. The word pesticides refers to the concept of pesticides, but also referring to this concept are numerous circumlocutions, such as "Substance X was effective against pests." Because natural language is capable of infinite variety, we cannot predict a priori the manifold ways a general concept, like pesticides, will be represented by any given author. It is this lack of predictability that limits natural language retrieval and causes poor precision and recall. Thus, the essential and defining characteristic of an index language ls that it is a tool for representational predictability.
-
¬The LCSH century : One hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system (2000)
0.00
0.0029544784 = product of:
0.0118179135 = sum of:
0.0118179135 = product of:
0.023635827 = sum of:
0.023635827 = weight(_text_:access in 5366) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.023635827 = score(doc=5366,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15778996 = queryWeight, product of:
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.14979297 = fieldWeight in 5366, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5366)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Content
- Enthält die Beiträge: BACKGROUND: Alva T STONE: The LCSH Century: A Brief History of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and Introduction to the Centennial Essays - THEORY AND PRINCIPLES: Elaine SVENONIUS: LCSH: Semantics, Syntax and Specificity; Heidi Lee HOERMAN u. Kevin A. FURNISS: Turning Practice into Principles: A Comparison of the IFLA: Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages (SHLs) and the Principles Underlying the Library of Congress Subject Headings System; Hope A. OLSON: Difference, Culture and Change:The Untapped Potential of LCSH - ONLINE ENVIRONMENT: Pauline Atherton COCHRANE: Improving LCSH for Use in Online Catalogs Revisited-What Progress Has Been Made? What Issues Still Remain?; Gregory WOOL: Filing and Precoordination: How Subject Headings Are Displayed in Online Catalogs and Why It Matters; Stephen HEARN: Machine-Assisted Validation of LC Subject Headings: Implications for Authority File Structure - SPECIFIC PERSPECTIVES: Thomas MANN: Teaching Library of Congress Subject Headings; Louisa J. KREIDER: LCSH Works! Subject Searching Effectiveness at the Cleveland Public Library and the Growth of Library of Congress Subject Headings Through Cooperation; Harriette HEMMASI u J. Bradford YOUNG: LCSH for Music: Historical and Empirical Perspectives; Joseph MILLER u. Patricia KUHR: LCSH and Periodical Indexing: Adoption vs. Adaptation; David P MILLER: Out from Under: Form/Genre Access in LCSH - WORLD VIEW: Magda HEINER-FREILING: Survey on Subject Heading Languages Used in National Libraries and Bibliographies; Andrew MacEWAN: Crossing Language Barriers in Europe: Linking LCSH to Other Subject Heading Languages; Alvaro QUIJANO-SOLIS u.a.: Automated Authority Files of Spanish-Language Subject Headings - FUTURE PROSPECTS: Lois Mai CHAN u. Theodora HODGES: Entering the Millennium: a new century for LCSH
-
Mooers, C.N.: ¬The indexing language of an information retrieval system (1985)
0.00
0.0027594725 = product of:
0.01103789 = sum of:
0.01103789 = product of:
0.02207578 = sum of:
0.02207578 = weight(_text_:22 in 3644) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02207578 = score(doc=3644,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16302267 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 3644, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3644)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Footnote
- Original in: Information retrieval today: papers presented at an Institute conducted by the Library School and the Center for Continuation Study, University of Minnesota, Sept. 19-22, 1962. Ed. by Wesley Simonton. Minneapolis, Minn.: The Center, 1963. S.21-36.
-
ALA / Subcommittee on Subject Relationships/Reference Structures: Final Report to the ALCTS/CCS Subject Analysis Committee (1997)
0.00
0.0025851687 = product of:
0.010340675 = sum of:
0.010340675 = product of:
0.02068135 = sum of:
0.02068135 = weight(_text_:access in 1800) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02068135 = score(doc=1800,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15778996 = queryWeight, product of:
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.046553567 = queryNorm
0.13106886 = fieldWeight in 1800, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.389428 = idf(docFreq=4053, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1800)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Content
- Enthält: Appendix A: Subcommittee on Subject Relationships/Reference Structures - REPORT TO THE ALCTS/CCS SUBJECT ANALYSIS COMMITTEE - July 1996 Appendix B (part 1): Taxonomy of Subject Relationships. Compiled by Dee Michel with the assistance of Pat Kuhr - June 1996 draft (alphabetical display) (Separat in: http://web2.ala.org/ala/alctscontent/CCS/committees/subjectanalysis/subjectrelations/msrscu2.pdf) Appendix B (part 2): Taxonomy of Subject Relationships. Compiled by Dee Michel with the assistance of Pat Kuhr - June 1996 draft (hierarchical display) Appendix C: Checklist of Candidate Subject Relationships for Information Retrieval. Compiled by Dee Michel, Pat Kuhr, and Jane Greenberg; edited by Greg Wool - June 1997 Appendix D: Review of Reference Displays in Selected CD-ROM Abstracts and Indexes by Harriette Hemmasi and Steven Riel Appendix E: Analysis of Relationships in Six LC Subject Authority Records by Harriette Hemmasi and Gary Strawn Appendix F: Report of a Preliminary Survey of Subject Referencing in OPACs by Gregory Wool Appendix G: LC Subject Referencing in OPACs--Why Bother? by Gregory Wool Appendix H: Research Needs on Subject Relationships and Reference Structures in Information Access compiled by Jane Greenberg and Steven Riel with contributions from Dee Michel and others edited by Gregory Wool Appendix I: Bibliography on Subject Relationships compiled mostly by Dee Michel with additional contributions from Jane Greenberg, Steven Riel, and Gregory Wool
