Search (155 results, page 1 of 8)

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Abstract

Semantische Netze unterstützen den Suchvorgang im Information Retrieval. Sie bestehen aus relationierten Begriffen und helfen dem Nutzer das richtige Vokabular zur Fragebildung zu finden. Eine leicht und intuitiv erfassbare Darstellung und eine interaktive Bedienungsmöglichkeit optimieren den Suchprozess mit der Begriffsstruktur. Als Interaktionsform bietet sich Hy-pertext mit dem etablierte Point- und Klickverfahren an. Eine Visualisierung zur Unterstützung kognitiver Fähigkeiten kann durch eine Darstellung der Informationen mit Hilfe von Punkten und Linien erfolgen. Vorgestellt wer-den die Anwendungsbeispiele Wissensnetz im Brockhaus multimedial, WordSurfer der Firma BiblioMondo, SpiderSearch der Firma BOND und Topic Maps Visualization in dandelon.com und im Portal Informationswis-senschaft der Firma AGI - Information Management Consultants.

Date

30. 1.2007 18:22:41

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Source

Information processing and management. 37(2001) no.4, S.639-657

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Source

Interactive information seeking, behaviour and retrieval. Eds.: Ruthven, I. u. D. Kelly

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Abstract

Acquiring knowledge in any field involves information retrieval, i.e. searching the available documents to identify answers to the queries concerning the selected objects. Knowing the keywords which are names of the objects will enable situating the user's query in the information space organized as a thesaurus or faceted classification. Objectives: Identification the areas in the information space which correspond to gaps in the user's personal knowledge or in the domain knowledge might become useful in theory or practice. The aim of this paper is to present a realistic information-space model of a self-authored full-text document on information culture, indexed by the author of this article. Methodology: Having established the relations between the terms, particular modules (sets of terms connected by relations used in facet classification) are situated on a plain, similarly to a communication map. Conclusions drawn from the "journey" on the map, which is a visualization of the knowledge contained in the analysed document, are the crucial part of this paper. Results: The direct result of the research is the created model of information space visualization of a given document (book, article, website). The proposed procedure can practically be used as a new form of representation in order to map the contents of academic books and articles, beside the traditional index form, especially as an e-book auxiliary tool. In teaching, visualization of the information space of a document can be used to help students understand the issues of: classification, categorization and representation of new knowledge emerging in human mind.

Source

Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik

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Abstract

This paper seeks to provide a brief overview of those developments which have taken the theory and practice of image and video retrieval into the digital age. Drawing on a voluminous literature, the context in which visual information retrieval takes place is followed by a consideration of the conceptual and practical challenges posed by the representation and recovery of visual material on the basis of its semantic content. An historical account of research endeavours in content-based retrieval, directed towards the automation of these operations in digital image scenarios, provides the main thrust of the paper. Finally, a look forwards locates visual information retrieval research within the wider context of content-based multimedia retrieval.

Source

Information science in transition, Ed.: A. Gilchrist

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Abstract

LyberWorld is a prototype IR user interface. It implements visualizations of an abstract information space: fulltext. The video demonstrates a visual user interface for the probabilistic fulltext retrieval system INQUERY. Visualizations are used to communicate information search and browsing activities in a natural way by applying metaphors of spatial navigation in abstract information spaces. Visualization tools for exploring information spaces and judging relevance of information items are introduced and an example session demonstrates the prototype. The presence of a spatial model in the user's mind is regarded as an essential contribution towards natural interaction and reduction of cognitive costs during retrieval dialogues.

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

Document retrieval is a highly interactive process dealing with large amounts of information. Visual representations can provide both a means for managing the complexity of large information structures and an interface style well suited to interactive manipulation. The system we have designed utilizes visually displayed graphic structures and a direct manipulation interface style to supply an integrated environment for retrieval. A common visually displayed network structure is used for query, document content, and term relations. A query can be modified through direct manipulation of its visual form by incorporating terms from any other information structure the system displays. An associative thesaurus of terms and an inter-document network provide information about a document collection that can complement other retrieval aids. Visualization of these large data structures makes use of fisheye views and overview diagrams to help overcome some of the inherent difficulties of orientation and navigation in large information structures.

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

LyberWorld is a prototype IR user interface. It implements visualizations of an abstract information space-fulltext. The paper derives a model for such visualizations and an exemplar user interface design is implemented for the probabilistic fulltext retrieval system INQUERY. Visualizations are used to communicate information search and browsing activities in a natural way by applying metaphors of spatial navigation in abstract information spaces. Visualization tools for exploring information spaces and judging relevance of information items are introduced and an example session demonstrates the prototype. The presence of a spatial model in the user's mind and interaction with a system's corresponding display methods is regarded as an essential contribution towards natural interaction and reduction of cognitive costs during e.g. query construction, orientation within the database content, relevance judgement and orientation within the retrieval context.

Source

Proceeding SIGIR '94: Proceedings of the 17th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

In this article, we propose a graph-based interactive bibliographic information retrieval system-GIBIR. GIBIR provides an effective way to retrieve bibliographic information. The system represents bibliographic information as networks and provides a form-based query interface. Users can develop their queries interactively by referencing the system-generated graph queries. Complex queries such as "papers on information retrieval, which were cited by John's papers that had been presented in SIGIR" can be effectively answered by the system. We evaluate the proposed system by developing another relational database-based bibliographic information retrieval system with the same interface and functions. Experiment results show that the proposed system executes the same queries much faster than the relational database-based system, and on average, our system reduced the execution time by 72% (for 3-node query), 89% (for 4-node query), and 99% (for 5-node query).

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.2, S.480-490

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Abstract

In der folgenden Studie wird eine Komponente für eine visuelle Benutzerschnittstelle zu Textdatenbanken entworfen. Mit Hilfe einer Terminologievisualisierung wird dem Benutzer eine Hilfestellung bei der Relevanzbewertung von Dokumenten und bei der Erweiterung seiner visuellen Anfrage an das Retrieval-System gegeben. Dazu werden zuerst die grundlegenden Information-Retrieval-Modelle eingehender vorgestellt, d.h., generelle Retrieval-Modelle, Retrievaloperationen und spezielle Retrieval-Modelle wie Text-Retrieval werden erläutert. Die Funktionalität eines Text-Retrieval-Systems wird vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden bereits existierende Implementierungen visueller Information-Retrieval-Benutzerschnittstellen vorgestellt. Im weiteren Verlauf der Arbeit werden mögliche Visualisierungen der mit Hilfe eines Text-Retrieval-Systems gefundenen Dokumente aufgezeigt. Es werden mehrere Vorschläge zur Visualisierung von Thesauri diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, wie neuronale Netze zur Kartierung eines Eingabebereiches benutzt werden können. Klassifikationsebenen einer objekt-orientierten Annäherung eines Information-Retrieval-Systems werden vorgestellt. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch die Eigenschaften von Thesauri sowie die Architektur und Funktion eines Parsersystems erläutert. Mit diesen Voraussetzung wird die Implementierung einer visuellen Terminologierunterstützung realisiert. Abschließend wird ein Fazit zur vorgestellten Realisierung basierend auf einem Drei-Schichten-Modell von [Agosti et al. 1990] gezogen.

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

This study explores an image-based retrieval interface for drug information, focusing on usability for a specific population - seniors. Qualitative, task-based interviews examined participants' health information behaviors and documented search strategies using an existing database (www.drugs.com) and a new prototype that uses similarity-based clustering of pill images for retrieval. Twelve participants (aged 65 and older), reflecting a diversity of backgrounds and experience with Web-based resources, located pill information using the interfaces and discussed navigational and other search preferences. Findings point to design features (e.g., image enlargement) that meet seniors' needs in the context of other health-related information-seeking strategies (e.g., contacting pharmacists).

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.11, S.1610-1617

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Source

Empirical foundation of information and software science. Ed.: J.C. Agarwal u. P. Zunde

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Source

The marketing of library and information services, 2. Ed.: B. Cronin

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Content

1. Introduction Web search engines and digital libraries usually expect the users to use search terms that most accurately represent their information needs. Finding the most appropriate search terms to represent an information need is an age old problem in information retrieval. Keyword or phrase search may produce good search results as long as the search terms or phrase(s) match those used by the authors and have been chosen for indexing by the concerned information retrieval system. Since this does not always happen, a large number of false drops are produced by information retrieval systems. The retrieval results become worse in very large systems that deal with millions of records, such as the Web search engines and digital libraries. Vocabulary control tools are used to improve the performance of text retrieval systems. Thesauri, the most common type of vocabulary control tool used in information retrieval, appeared in the late fifties, designed for use with the emerging post-coordinate indexing systems of that time. They are used to exert terminology control in indexing, and to aid in searching by allowing the searcher to select appropriate search terms. A large volume of literature exists describing the design features, and experiments with the use, of thesauri in various types of information retrieval systems (see for example, Furnas et.al., 1987; Bates, 1986, 1998; Milstead, 1997, and Shiri et al., 2002).

Source

Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine

Theme

Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval

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Abstract

As the volume and breadth of online information is rapidly increasing, ad hoc search systems become less and less efficient to answer information needs of modern users. To support the growing complexity of search tasks, researchers in the field of information developed and explored a range of approaches that extend the traditional ad hoc retrieval paradigm. Among these approaches, personalized search systems and exploratory search systems attracted many followers. Personalized search explored the power of artificial intelligence techniques to provide tailored search results according to different user interests, contexts, and tasks. In contrast, exploratory search capitalized on the power of human intelligence by providing users with more powerful interfaces to support the search process. As these approaches are not contradictory, we believe that they can re-enforce each other. We argue that the effectiveness of personalized search systems may be increased by allowing users to interact with the system and learn/investigate the problem in order to reach the final goal. We also suggest that an interactive visualization approach could offer a good ground to combine the strong sides of personalized and exploratory search approaches. This paper proposes a specific way to integrate interactive visualization and personalized search and introduces an adaptive visualization based search system Adaptive VIBE that implements it. We tested the effectiveness of Adaptive VIBE and investigated its strengths and weaknesses by conducting a full-scale user study. The results show that Adaptive VIBE can improve the precision and the productivity of the personalized search system while helping users to discover more diverse sets of information.

Footnote

Beitrag im Rahmen einer Special section on Human-computer Information Retrieval.

Source

Information processing and management. 49(2013) no.5, S.1139-1164

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

Methoden und Techniken der Informationsvisualisierung werden seit ungefähr zwanzig Jahren im Bereich der Informationssuche eingesetzt. In dieser Literaturstudie werden ausgewählte Visualisierungsanwendungen der letzten Jahre vorgestellt. Sie betreffen zum einen den Retrievalprozess, das Boolesche Retrieval, die facettierte Suche, Dokumentbeziehungen, die Zufallssuche und Ergebnisanzeige, zum anderen spezielle Anwendungen wie die kartenbasierte und adaptive Visualisierung, Zitationsnetzwerke und Wissensordnungen. Die Einsatzszenarien für Applikationen der Informationsvisualisierung sind vielfältig. Sie reichen von mobilen kleinformatigen Anwendungen bis zu großformatigen Darstellungen auf hochauflösenden Bildschirmen, von integrativen Arbeitsplätzen für den einzelnen Nutzer bis zur Nutzung interaktiver Oberflächen für das kollaborative Retrieval. Das Konzept der Blended Library wird vorgestellt. Die Übertragbarkeit von Visualisierungsanwendungen auf Bibliothekskataloge wird im Hinblick auf die Nutzung des Kataloginputs und des Angebots an Sucheinstiegen geprüft. Perspektivische Überlegungen zu zukünftigen Entwicklungsschritten von Bibliothekskatalogen sowie zum Einfluss von Visualisierungsanwendungen auf die Informationspraxis werden angestellt.

Date

4. 2.2015 9:22:39

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Content

Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Anforderungsanalyse, die Modellierung, der Entwurf und die exemplarische Realisierung, Integration und Bewertung eines Interaktiven Informationsvisualisierungsmodells zur Unterstützung von Informationsdialogen mit Information-Retrieval-Systemen, von darauf aufbauenden interaktiven Informationsvisualisierungsbeispielen, den dazu korrespondierenden Softwarekomponenten sowie deren integriertem Einsatz und Bewertung in einer exemplarischen Anwendungslösung für die Unterstützung interaktiver visuelldirekt manipulative Informationsdialoge mit einem Informations-Retrieval-System. Die Arbeit enthält den Entwurf und die Implementierung der prototypischen Anwendung LyberWorld zur computergraphischen Visualisierung von inhaltsorientierten Informationsdialogen zwischen naiven Benutzern und Datenbanksystemen mit Information-Retrieval-Funktionen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei das Ziel, naiven Benutzern innerhalb eines visuell direkt manipulativen Informationsdialoges eine Unterstützung bei der Benutzung von Information-Retrieval- und Data-Mining-Funktionen auf der Basis von interaktiven Informationsvisualisierungskomponenten zur Verfügung zu stellen. Bezüglich der kognitiven Effizienz der Benutzung solcher Informationsvisualisierungskomponenten durch einen naiven Benutzer, ist es die Grundannahme der Arbeit, daß bei unveränderter Informations-Retrieval-Basisfunktionalität mit Hilfe einer geeigneten graphischen Benutzungsschnittstelle durch Ausnutzung der menschlichen Fähigkeit zur visuellen Wahrnehmung und direktmanipulativen Interaktion ein natürlicherer und kognitiv effizienterer Informationsdialog erzielt wird, als dies mit herkömmlichen z.B. Formblatt oder formalsprachlich orientierten Interaktionsparadigmen der Fall ist. Aus diesem Grund werden in der Arbeit visuell direkt manipulative Informationsvisualisierungs- und Darstellungsmethoden sowie visuell direkt manipulative Metaphern für elementare Funktionen des Informationsdialoges hergeleitet, implementiert und miteinander integriert.
Im Gegensatz zu anderen Ansätzen, die Kommando-, Menü- oder Formblatt-orientierte Interaktionsparadigmen verwenden, schlagen wir für die Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle von Informationssystemen eine interaktive Informationsvisualisierung vor, bei der den geometrischen, räumlichen und graphischen Attributen der dargestellten Informationsobjekte besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Mehrdimensionale, computergraphische Informationsvisualisierungen des informationellen Kontextes des Informationsdialoges bilden das gemeinsame Kommunikations- und Interaktionsmedium zwischen den konzeptuellen Informationsmodellen und den Information-Retrieval-Funktionen des Systems sowie dem mentalen Modell, das der Benutzer von der Informationsmenge und den Informationsfunktionen des Informationssystems hat. Dabei besteht zwischen den visuell direkt manipulativen computergraphischen Informationsvisualisierungsobjekten der Benutzungsschnittstelle und den Informationsobjekten der Datenbasis eine funktionale Verknüpfung, die dem Benutzer durch die visuelle Ausprägung der graphischen Visualisierungsobjekte und die Verwendung von visuellen Metaphern vermittelt wird. Die automatischen Such- und Bewertungsfunktionen des Datenbank- oder Information-Retrieval-Systems werden ebenfalls in Form visuell direkt manipulativer Interaktionsmechanismen zur Verfügung gestellt.

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Abstract

The study adopts a naturalistic approach to investigate users' interaction with a browsable MeSH (medical subject headings) display designed to facilitate query construction for the PubMed bibliographic database. The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to test the usefulness of a browsable interface utilizing the principle of faceted classification; and second, to investigate users' preferred query submission methods in different problematic situations. An interface that incorporated multiple query submission methods - the conventional single-line query box as well as methods associated the faceted classification display was constructed. Participants' interactions with the interface were monitored remotely over a period of 10 weeks; information about their problematic situations and information retrieval behaviors were also collected during this time. The traditional controlled experiment was not adequate in answering the author's research questions; hence, the author provides his rationale for a naturalistic approach. The study's findings show that there is indeed a selective compatibility between query submission methods provided by the MeSH display and users' problematic situations. The query submission methods associated with the display were found to be the preferred search tools when users' information needs were vague and the search topics unfamiliar. The findings support the theoretical proposition that users engaging in an information retrieval process with a variety of problematic situations need different approaches. The author argues that rather than treat the information retrieval system as a general purpose tool, more attention should be given to the interaction between the functionality of the tool and the characteristics of users' problematic situations.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.13, S.1998-2006

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Abstract

Bislang wird dem Studium bestehender Verfahren in der Visualisierung des Document Retrieval von Suchmaschinen zu wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich dem Studium von acht Systemen und Prototypen, um die best-practice-Auslese und die Identifikation erfolgsrelevanter Features und Element zu erleichtern. Er legt dazu ein Modell für das visuelle Information Retrieval in Suchmaschinen vor, beschreibt und analysiert die ausgewählten Verfahren und deduziert Herausforderungen für künftige Forschungen. Die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse dabei sind, dass zwar zu wenig integrale Systeme existieren, die den gesamten Retrievalprozess integriert visuell unterstützen, die vorhandenen aber bereits (trotz ihrer Unvollständigkeit) einen Ausweg aus der linearen Krise der Ergebnispräsentation textbasierter Suchmaschinen aufzeigen. Wenngleich noch nicht alle Informationsbedürfnisse von den untersuchten Verfahren erfüllt werden, so zeichnet sich doch ab, dass insbesondere durch die Innovation von Interaktions- und Manipulationsformen neue Wege beschritten werden, die sich auf Effektivität und Effizienz derRetrievalverfahren auswirken.

Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 56(2005) H.1, S.29-34

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Date

22. 1.2017 16:54:03
22. 1.2017 17:10:56

LCSH

Information visualization

Subject

Information visualization