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Kleineberg, M.: Context analysis and context indexing : formal pragmatics in knowledge organization (2014)
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- Source
- http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDQQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F3131107&ei=HzFWVYvGMsiNsgGTyoFI&usg=AFQjCNE2FHUeR9oQTQlNC4TPedv4Mo3DaQ&sig2=Rlzpr7a3BLZZkqZCXXN_IA&bvm=bv.93564037,d.bGg&cad=rja
-
Li, L.; Shang, Y.; Zhang, W.: Improvement of HITS-based algorithms on Web documents
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- Content
- Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdelab.csd.auth.gr%2F~dimitris%2Fcourses%2Fir_spring06%2Fpage_rank_computing%2Fp527-li.pdf. Vgl. auch: http://www2002.org/CDROM/refereed/643/.
- Source
- WWW '02: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on World Wide Web, May 7-11, 2002, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
-
Popper, K.R.: Three worlds : the Tanner lecture on human values. Deliverd at the University of Michigan, April 7, 1978 (1978)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Ftannerlectures.utah.edu%2F_documents%2Fa-to-z%2Fp%2Fpopper80.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3f4QRTEH-OEBmoYr2J_c7H
-
Huo, W.: Automatic multi-word term extraction and its application to Web-page summarization (2012)
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- Abstract
- In this thesis we propose three new word association measures for multi-word term extraction. We combine these association measures with LocalMaxs algorithm in our extraction model and compare the results of different multi-word term extraction methods. Our approach is language and domain independent and requires no training data. It can be applied to such tasks as text summarization, information retrieval, and document classification. We further explore the potential of using multi-word terms as an effective representation for general web-page summarization. We extract multi-word terms from human written summaries in a large collection of web-pages, and generate the summaries by aligning document words with these multi-word terms. Our system applies machine translation technology to learn the aligning process from a training set and focuses on selecting high quality multi-word terms from human written summaries to generate suitable results for web-page summarization.
- Content
- A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. Vgl. Unter: http://www.inf.ufrgs.br%2F~ceramisch%2Fdownload_files%2Fpublications%2F2009%2Fp01.pdf.
- Date
- 10. 1.2013 19:22:47
-
Vetere, G.; Lenzerini, M.: Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures (2005)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5386707&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5386707.
-
Farazi, M.: Faceted lightweight ontologies : a formalization and some experiments (2010)
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- Abstract
- While classifications are heavily used to categorize web content, the evolution of the web foresees a more formal structure - ontology - which can serve this purpose. Ontologies are core artifacts of the Semantic Web which enable machines to use inference rules to conduct automated reasoning on data. Lightweight ontologies bridge the gap between classifications and ontologies. A lightweight ontology (LO) is an ontology representing a backbone taxonomy where the concept of the child node is more specific than the concept of the parent node. Formal lightweight ontologies can be generated from their informal ones. The key applications of formal lightweight ontologies are document classification, semantic search, and data integration. However, these applications suffer from the following problems: the disambiguation accuracy of the state of the art NLP tools used in generating formal lightweight ontologies from their informal ones; the lack of background knowledge needed for the formal lightweight ontologies; and the limitation of ontology reuse. In this dissertation, we propose a novel solution to these problems in formal lightweight ontologies; namely, faceted lightweight ontology (FLO). FLO is a lightweight ontology in which terms, present in each node label, and their concepts, are available in the background knowledge (BK), which is organized as a set of facets. A facet can be defined as a distinctive property of the groups of concepts that can help in differentiating one group from another. Background knowledge can be defined as a subset of a knowledge base, such as WordNet, and often represents a specific domain.
- Content
- PhD Dissertation at International Doctorate School in Information and Communication Technology. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F150083013.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2n-qisNagpyT0lli_6QbAQ.
-
Mas, S.; Marleau, Y.: Proposition of a faceted classification model to support corporate information organization and digital records management (2009)
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- Footnote
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?reload=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4755313%2F4755314%2F04755480.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4755480&authDecision=-203.
-
Zeng, Q.; Yu, M.; Yu, W.; Xiong, J.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, M.: Faceted hierarchy : a new graph type to organize scientific concepts and a construction method (2019)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Xiong, C.: Knowledge based text representations for information retrieval (2016)
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- Content
- Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.
-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
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- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
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Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005)
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- Abstract
- By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
- Content
- Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Rosenfeld, L.; Morville, P.: Information architecture for the World Wide Web : designing large-scale Web sites (2007)
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- Abstract
- The scale of web site design has grown so that what was once comparable to decorating a room is now comparable to designing buildings or even cities. Designing sites so that people can find their way around is an ever-growing challenge as sites contain more and more information. In the past, Information Architecture for the World Wide Web has helped developers and designers establish consistent and usable structures for their sites and their information. This edition of the classic primer on web site design and navigation is updated with recent examples, new scenarios, and new information on best practices. Readers will learn how to present large volumes of information to visitors who need to find what they're looking for quickly. With topics that range from aesthetics to mechanics, this valuable book explains how to create interfaces that users can understand easily.
- Classification
- ST 252 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Web-Programmierung, allgemein
- Date
- 22. 3.2008 16:18:27
- LCSH
- Web sites / Design
- RSWK
- World Wide Web / Web-Seite / Gestaltung
World Wide Web / Server
Softwarearchitektur / Gestaltung / Web-Seite / World Wide Web (GBV)
Informationsmanagement / World Wide Web (GBV)
- RVK
- ST 252 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Web-Programmierung, allgemein
- Subject
- World Wide Web / Web-Seite / Gestaltung
World Wide Web / Server
Softwarearchitektur / Gestaltung / Web-Seite / World Wide Web (GBV)
Informationsmanagement / World Wide Web (GBV)
Web sites / Design
-
Lazar, J.: Web usability : a user-centered design approach (2006)
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- Content
- Introduction to Web usability -- Defining the mission and target user population -- Requirements gathering: what information is needed? -- Methods for requirements gathering -- Information architecture and site navigation -- Page design -- Designing for universal usability -- Physical design -- Usability testing -- Implementation and marketing -- Maintaining and evaluating Web sites
- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.7, S.1066-1067 (X. Zhu u. J. Liao): "The user, without whom any product or service would be nothing, plays a very important role during the whole life cycle of products or services. The user's involvement should be from the very beginning, not just after products or services are ready to work. According to ISO 9241-11: 1998, Part 11, Usability refers to "the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of user." As an academic topic of human-computer interaction, Web usability has been studied widely for a long time. This classroom-oriented book, bridging academia and the educational community, talks about Web usability in a student-friendly fashion. It outlines not only the methodology of user-centered Web site design but also details the methods to implement at every stage of the methodology. That is, the book presents the user-centered Web-design approach from both macrocosm and microcosm points of view, which makes it both recapitulative and practical. The most important key word in Web Usability is "user-centered," which means Web developers should not substitute their own personal preferences for the users' needs. The book classifies Web sites into five types: E-commerce, informational, entertainment, community, and intranet. Since the methods used during Web development differ somewhat depending on the type of Web site, it is necessary to have a classification in advance. With Figure 1.3 on p. 17, the book explains the whole user-centered Webdevelopment life cycle (called "methodology" in this book review), which provides a clear path for Web development that is easy to understand, remember, and perform. Since all the following chapters are based on the methodology, a clear presentation of it is paramount. The table on p. 93 summarizes concisely all types of methods for requirements gathering and their advantages and disadvantages. According to this table, appropriate methods can be easily chosen for different Web site development projects. As the author remarked, "requirements gathering is central to the concept of user-centered design," (p. 98) and "one of the hallmarks of user-centered design is usability testing" (p. 205). Stage 2 (collect user requirements) and Stage 5 (perform usability testing) of the user-centered Web-development life cycle are the two stages with the most user involvement: however, this does not mean that all other stages are user unrelated. For example, in Stage 4 (create and modify physical design), frame is not suggested to be used just because most users are unfamiliar with the concept of frame (p. 201). Note that frequently there are several rounds of usability testing to be performed in the four case studies, and some of them are performed before the physical-design stage or even the conceptual-design stage, which embodies the idea of an iterative design process.
The many hands-on examples throughout the book and the four case studies at the end of the book are obvious strong points linking theory with practice. The four case studies are very useful, and it is hard to find such cases in the literature since few companies want to publicize such information. The four case studies are not just simple repeats; they are very different from each other and provide readers specific examples to analyze and follow. Web Usability is an excellent textbook, with a wrap-up (including discussion questions, design exercises, and suggested reading) at the end of each chapter. Each wrap-up first outlines where the focus should be placed, corresponding to what was presented at the very beginning of each chapter. Discussion questions help recall in an active way the main points in each chapter. The design exercises make readers apply to a design project what they have just obtained from the chapter, leading to a deeper understanding of knowledge. Suggested reading provides additional information sources for people who want to further study the research topic, which bridges the educational community back to academia. The book is enhanced by two universal resource locators (URLs) linking to the Addison-Wesley instructor resource center (http://www. aw.com/irc) and the Web-Star survey and project deliverables (http:// www. aw.com/cssupport), respectively. There are valuable resources in these two URLs, which can be used together with Web Usability. Like the Web, books are required to possess good information architecture to facilitate understanding. Fortunately, Web Usability has very clear information architecture. Chap. 1 introduces the user-centered Web-development life cycle, which is composed of seven stages. Chap. 2 discusses Stage l, chaps. 3 and 4 detail Stage 2, chaps. 5 through 7 outline Stage 3, and chaps. 8 through I1 present Stages 4 through 7, respectively. In chaps. 2 through 11, details (called "methods" in this review) are given for every stage of the methodology. The main clue of the book is how to design a new Web site; however, this does not mean that Web redesign is trivial and ignored. The author mentions Web redesign issues from time to time, and a dedicated section is presented to discuss redesign in chaps. 2, 3, 10, and 11.
Besides the major well-known software applications such as FrontPage and Dreamweaver (pp. 191-194), many useful software tools can be adopted to assist and accelerate the Web-development process, resulting in improvement of the productivity of the Web industry. Web Usability mentions such tools as the "code validator" (p. 189) to identify problematic areas of the handwritten code against spelling and usage, the tool available at a given URL address to convert portable document format (PDF) files into hypertext markup language (HTML) files (p. 201), WEBXACT, WebSAT, A-Prompt, Dottie, InFocus, and RAMP (pp. 226-227) to automate usability testing, and ClickTracks, NetTracker, WebTrends, and Spotfire (p. 263) to summarize Web-usage data and analyze the trends. Thus, Web developers are able to find these tools and benefit from them. Other strengths of the book include the layout of each page, which has a wide margin in which readers may easily place notes, and the fact that the book is easy to read and understand. Although there are many strengths in this book, a few weaknesses are evident. All chapter wrap-ups should have an identical layout. Without numbering for sections and subsections, it is very likely that readers will lose sense of where they are in the overall information architecture of the book. At present, the only solution is to frequently refer to the table of contents to confirm the location. The hands-on example on p. 39 would be better placed in chap. 4 because it focuses on a requirements gathering method, the interview. There are two similar phrases, namely "user population" and "user group," that are used widely in this book. User population is composed of user groups; however, they are not strictly used in this book. The section title "Using a Search Engine" (p. 244) should be on the same level as that of the section "Linking to a URL," and not as that of the section entitled "Marketing: Bringing Users to Your Web Site," according to what the author argued at the top of p. 236.
Web Usability is undoubtedly a success. After reading this book, Web designers will pay attention to both the content and the usability; otherwise, the majority might overlook the usability. Although this book mainly focuses on students and instructors, it also is appropriate for those who want to develop a user-centered Web site but do not know how. We would suggest that an initial reading is necessary to know what is included under each section title; from then on, when the methodology and methods are applied to guide a real-world project, only the table of contents and the chapter wrap-ups need to be reread, and other parts only when important details are forgotten. With the help of so many examples and strongly viable methods, Web Usability explains almost everything necessary during user-centered Web development and provides tips to help avoid some common mistakes. All of these characteristics facilitate effective and efficient Web-development processes. Similarly, the book reaches its content goal and usability goal as well. In short, Web Usability is an excellent case for book usability: a user-centered edit approach!"
- LCSH
- Web sites / Design
- RSWK
- Web-Seite / Gestaltung / Benutzerorientierung / Benutzerfreundlichkeit / Kundenorientierung
- Subject
- Web-Seite / Gestaltung / Benutzerorientierung / Benutzerfreundlichkeit / Kundenorientierung
Web sites / Design
-
Huberman, B.: ¬The laws of the Web: : patterns in the ecology of information (2001)
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- Date
- 22.10.2006 10:22:33
- Footnote
- Rez. in: nfd 54(2003) H.8, S.497 (T. Mandl): "Gesetze der digitalen Anarchie - Hyperlinks im Internet entstehen als Ergebnis sozialer Prozesse und können auch als formaler Graph im Sinne der Mathematik interpretiert werden. Die Thematik Hyperlinks ist im Information Retrieval höchst aktuell, da Suchmaschinen die Link-Struktur bei der Berechnung ihrer Ergebnisse berücksichtigen. Algorithmen zur Bestimmung des "guten Rufs" einer Seite wie etwa PageRank von Google gewichten eine Seite höher, wenn viele links auf sie verweisen. Zu den neuesten Erkenntnissen über die Netzwerkstruktur des Internets liegen zwei sehr gut lesbare Bücher vor. Der Autor des ersten Buchs, der Wirtschaftswissenschaftler Huberman, ist Leiter einer Forschungsabteilung bei Hewlett Packard. Huberman beschreibt in seinem Buch zunächst die Geschichte des Internet als technologische Revolution und gelangt dann schnell zu dessen Evolution und den darin vorherrschenden Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen. Oberraschenderweise treten im Internet häufig power-law Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen auf, die der Zipf'schen Verteilung ähneln. Auf diese sehr ungleichen Aufteilungen etwa von eingehenden HypertextLinks oder Surfern pro Seite im Internet bezieht sich der Titel des Buchs. Diese immer wieder auftretenden Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen scheinen geradezu ein Gesetz des Internet zu bilden. So gibt es z.B. viele Sites mit sehr wenigen Seiten und einige wenige mit Millionen von Seiten, manche Seiten werden selten besucht und andere ziehen einen Großteil des Internet-Verkehrs auf sich, auf die meisten Seiten verweisen sehr wenige Links während auf einige wenige populäre Seiten Millionen von Links zielen. Das vorletzte Kapitel widmen übrigens beide Autoren den Märkten im Internet. Spätestens hier werden die wirtschaftlichen Aspekte von Netzwerken deutlich. Beide Titel führen den Leser in die neue Forschung zur Struktur des Internet als Netzwerk und sind leicht lesbar. Beides sind wissenschaftliche Bücher, wenden sich aber auch an den interessierten Laien. Das Buch von Barabási ist etwas aktueller, plauderhafter, länger, umfassender und etwas populärwissenschaftlicher."
- LCSH
- World Wide Web / Social aspects
- Subject
- World Wide Web / Social aspects
-
Zass, E.: Qualität und Benutzerfreundlichkeit : Erfahrungen mit chemie-relevanten Datenbanken (1997)
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-
Günther, S.: Aufbruch in den virtuellen Raum : Anleitung zum Aufbau eines Web Contact Centers (2005)
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- Abstract
- Die Weiten des Internet tendieren ins Unendliche - kaum etwas, was dort nicht vorhanden zu sein scheint. Google rühmt sich, dass jetzt die Suche auf über acht Milliarden Websites möglich ist und hat mit dem Einscannen der Bestände von US-amerikanischen und englischen Bibliotheken schon das nächste größere Projekt in Angriff genommen. Auch Microsoft schickt sich an, eine ernstzunehmende Konkurrenz in Sachen Internetrecherche zu werden. Hinzu kommt, dass das Internet eine immer größere Nutzung erfährt, 2004 lag diese bei 55,3 Prozent der Bevölkerung ab 14 Jahren - doch das alles heißt nicht, dass die Nutzer 3 im Gegenzug auch immer bessere Recherchefähigkeiten aufweisen. Es vergeht kein Tag, an dem im Informationsdienst von Bibliotheken nicht der Satz »Im Internet habe ich schon geguckt, dafind ich nix!« fällt. 100.000 Treffer zu einer Suchanfrage zu erhalten ist nicht die Kunst, aber fünf relevante Treffer zu erhalten, die noch dazu einer kritischen Bewertung standhalten (Stichwort »Information Literacy«), das bedarf eines professionellen Informationsvermittlers - eines Bibliothekars! Noch nie waren so viele Nutzer im Netz und zugleich so viele so unzufrieden. Wäre es nicht Aufgabe der Bibliotheken diese (potenziellen) Kunden aufzufangen, bevor sie in den Weiten des Internet verloren gehen? Dieses Auffangnetz existiert bereits - bekannt als Digital Reference Service, gebündelt durch die Funktionen, die das Web Contact Center bereit hält.
- Date
- 22. 9.2005 20:50:31
-
Renehan, E.J.: Science on the Web : a connoisseur's guide to over 500 of the best, most useful, and most fun science Websites (1996)
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- Abstract
- Written by the author of the best-selling 1001 really cool Web sites, this fun and informative book enables readers to take full advantage of the Web. More than a mere directory, it identifies and describes the best sites, guiding surfers to such innovations as VRML3-D and Java. Aside from downloads of Web browsers, Renehan points the way to free compilers and interpreters as well as free online access to major scientific journals
- LCSH
- Web sites / Directories
- RSWK
- Naturwissenschaften / World wide web / Seite / Verzeichnis (2314) (3214)
- Subject
- Web sites / Directories
Naturwissenschaften / World wide web / Seite / Verzeichnis (2314) (3214)
-
Memmel, T.: User interface specification for interactive software systems : process-, method- and tool-support for interdisciplinary and collaborative requirements modelling and prototyping-driven user interface specification (2009)
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- RSWK
- Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation / Benutzeroberfläche / Benutzermodell / Benutzerfreundlichkeit / Spezifikationstechnik / Prototyping
- Subject
- Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation / Benutzeroberfläche / Benutzermodell / Benutzerfreundlichkeit / Spezifikationstechnik / Prototyping
