Search (125 results, page 2 of 7)

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Abstract

The Europeana, the European digital library web-service, is being developed in the framework of the EU-funded network EDLnet. The demo version of this webservice was shown at an international conference at the German National Library in Frankfurt on 1 February 2008, the prototype will be launched in November 2008. In November 2007 the EDL Foundation was established to provide cross-domain multilingual access to Europe's cultural heritage. It will facilitate formal agreement across museums, archives, audio-visual archives and libraries on how to cooperate in the delivery and sustainability of a joint portal and will provide a legal framework for use by the EU for funding purposes and as a springboard for future governance. The European Commission is supporting the process towards the Europeana with a set of projects centering on The European Library. This webservice created by the European national libraries is seen as one of the major building blocks of the Europeana.

Date

22. 2.2009 19:11:35

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Date

22. 6.2002 19:42:22

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Abstract

Many subject specific portals were built during the last year. Most of these are simple user-interfaces to databases of subject specific information added with several lists of links. This centralised type of portal often looks fine with its consistent facing but is hard to keep up to date and high priced to maintain. Users expect a service be malntained and available 24 hours, 365 days for at least 10 years and this all free of charge. On the one hand, it seams to be impossible to set up a service matching all this demands, an the other hand, many institutions offer information and services which could be parts of a portal, which are maintained frequently and paid by public via these institutions. The idea is, to collect the existing information and present it in a structured and consistent way. This idea matches in an excellent way with the way knowledge is produced in Physics. Physicists work all over the world often an different continents an the same topic, knowing each others work only from their publications, conferences and online-communication. Information in Physics is published in quite different ways, by journal articles, which can be reviewed, sometimes by peer, or pre-prints. Many information is available in non-textual genres like software sources or datasets or mathematical formula. Distributed Portals make use of the existing information an the web. In the early days of the web, the very popular link-lists where a kind of portal, linking to (all) pages with information an the specific topic. Indeed, these link lists had many properties of modern portals, offering information in a structured and selected way. But they did not offer the information under a common layout (desktop) and did not offer user-specific views onto the information. Modern distributed portals combine the advantages of centralised portals (high information structure, common layout, easy navigation through all the information) with the possibilities of distributed portals (up to date information, low budget implementation, good knowledge coverage).

Source

Gaining insight from research information (CRIS2002): Proceedings of the 6th International Conference an Current Research Information Systems, University of Kassel, August 29 - 31, 2002. Eds: W. Adamczak u. A. Nase

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Abstract

Library and Archives Canada (LAC) has capitalized on the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) potential for organizing Web resources in two projects. Since 1995, LAC has been providing a service that offers links to authoritative Web resources about Canada categorized according to the DDC via its Web site. More recently, LAC has partnered with the federal government Department of Canadian Heritage to manage Web content related to Canadian culture in a DDC-based subject tree. Although the DDC works well to organize a broadly-based collection, challenges have been encountered in adapting it for a specific subject domain.

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Abstract

PhysNet (www.physnet.net) is a portal for Physics run since 1995 and continuously being developed; it today uses an OWLLite ontology and mySQL database for storing triples with the facts, such as department information, postal addresses, GPS coordinates, URLs of publication repositories, etc. The article focuses on the structure and the development of the underlying ontology; it also gives a detailed overview of an online web-based editorial tool, to maintain the facts database.

Footnote

Simultaneously published as Knitting the Semantic Web

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

Libraries have always been an inspiration for the standards and technologies developed by semantic web activities. However, except for the Dublin Core specification, semantic web and social networking technologies have not been widely adopted and further developed by major digital library initiatives and projects. Yet semantic technologies offer a new level of flexibility, interoperability, and relationships for digital repositories. Kruk and McDaniel present semantic web-related aspects of current digital library activities, and introduce their functionality; they show examples ranging from general architectural descriptions to detailed usages of specific ontologies, and thus stimulate the awareness of researchers, engineers, and potential users of those technologies. Their presentation is completed by chapters on existing prototype systems such as JeromeDL, BRICKS, and Greenstone, as well as a look into the possible future of semantic digital libraries. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in areas like digital libraries, the semantic web, social networks, and information retrieval. This audience will benefit from detailed descriptions of both today's possibilities and also the shortcomings of applying semantic web technologies to large digital repositories of often unstructured data.

Content

Inhalt: Introduction to Digital Libraries and Semantic Web: Introduction / Bill McDaniel and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Digital Libraries and Knowledge Organization / Dagobert Soergel - Semantic Web and Ontologies / Marcin Synak, Maciej Dabrowski and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Social Semantic Information Spaces / John G. Breslin A Vision of Semantic Digital Libraries: Goals of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel - Architecture of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Westerki and Ewelina Kruk - Long-time Preservation / Markus Reis Ontologies for Semantic Digital Libraries: Bibliographic Ontology / Maciej Dabrowski, Macin Synak and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Community-aware Ontologies / Slawomir Grzonkowski, Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Gzella, Jakub Demczuk and Bill McDaniel Prototypes of Semantic Digital Libraries: JeromeDL: The Social Semantic Digital Library / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Mariusz Cygan, Adam Gzella, Tomasz Woroniecki and Maciej Dabrowski - The BRICKS Digital Library Infrastructure / Bernhard Haslhofer and Predrag Knezevié - Semantics in Greenstone / Annika Hinze, George Buchanan, David Bainbridge and Ian Witten Building the Future - Semantic Digital Libraries in Use: Hyperbooks / Gilles Falquet, Luka Nerima and Jean-Claude Ziswiler - Semantic Digital Libraries for Archiving / Bill McDaniel - Evaluation of Semantic and Social Technologies for Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Ewelina Kruk and Katarzyna Stankiewicz - Conclusions: The Future of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel

LCSH

Semantic Web

RSWK

Elektronische Bibliothek / Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Aufsatzsammlung

Subject

Elektronische Bibliothek / Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Aufsatzsammlung
Semantic Web

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Abstract

Das neu aufgelegte Online-Portal zbMATH.org aus dem Produktportfolio für Mathematik und Informatik von FIZ Karlsruhe führt zu den Publikationen und den Softwaretools der Mathematik weltweit. Mit Social Media Funktionen für die wissenschaftliche Kommunikation und offener Schnittstelle zur Kataloganbindung.

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Abstract

Introduction to various classificatory structures currently used to organize and make collections of Web-based resources in education more accessible to educators, education specialists, and the general public. Presentation of other models which could also be useful.

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Abstract

A subject gateway, in the context of network-based resource access, can be defined as some facility that allows easier access to network-based resources in a defined subject area. The simplest types of subject gateways are sets of Web pages containing lists of links to resources. Some gateways index their lists of links and provide a simple search facility. More advanced gateways offer a much enhanced service via a system consisting of a resource database and various indexes, which can be searched and/or browsed through a Web-based interface. Each entry in the database contains information about a network-based resource, such as a Web page, Web site, mailing list or document. Entries are usually created by a cataloguer manually identifying a suitable resource, describing the resource using a template, and submitting the template to the database for indexing. Subject gateways are also known as subject-based information gateways (SBIGs), subject-based gateways, subject index gateways, virtual libraries, clearing houses, subject trees, pathfinders and other variations thereof. This paper describes the characteristics of some of the subject gateways currently accessible through the Web, and compares them to automatic "vacuum cleaner" type search engines, such as AltaVista. The application of WHOIS++, centroids, query routing, and forward knowledge to searching several of these subject gateways simultaneously is outlined. The paper concludes with looking at some of the issues facing subject gateway development in the near future. The paper touches on many of the issues mentioned in a previous paper in D-Lib Magazine, especially regarding resource-discovery related initiatives and services.

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Abstract

Purpose - The paper aims to argue that digital library retrieval should be based on semantic representations and propose a semantic infrastructure for digital libraries. Design/methodology/approach - The approach taken is formal model based on subject representation for digital libraries. Findings - Search engines and search techniques have fallen short of user expectations as they do not give context based retrieval. Deploying semantic web technologies would lead to efficient and more precise representation of digital library content and hence better retrieval. Though digital libraries often have metadata of information resources which can be accessed through OAI-PMH, much remains to be accomplished in making digital libraries semantic web compliant. This paper presents a semantic infrastructure for digital libraries, that will go a long way in providing them and web based information services with products highly customised to users needs. Research limitations/implications - Here only a model for semantic infrastructure is proposed. This model is proposed after studying current user-centric, top-down models adopted in digital library service architectures. Originality/value - This paper gives a generic model for building semantic infrastructure for digital libraries. Faceted ontologies for digital libraries is just one approach. But the same may be adopted by groups working with different approaches in building ontologies to realise efficient retrieval in digital libraries.

Footnote

Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Digital libraries and the semantic web: context, applications and research".

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

cibera als Fachinformationsportal zum spanischen und portugiesischen Sprach-und Kulturraum haben meine Kolleginnen und ich bereits in einem zweiteiligen Bibliotheksdienst-Artikel zur Jahreswende 2005/2006 ausführlich vorgestellt. Im vorliegenden Text geht es nun darum, wie die Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg durch die Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Konzepten, die die ViFa in Richtung Web 2.0 erweitern, das Fachportal für die Wissenschaft und die interessierte Öffentlichkeit noch attraktiver gestaltet. "Mitmachweb", "Nutzer dort abholen, wo sie sind" und "Vernetzung mit der Fachcommunity" sind dabei nicht nur theoretische Stichworte, sondern in die Praxis umgesetzte Ziele einer modernen bibliothekarischen Informationsarbeit. Was erwartet Sie in diesem Artikel? Einleitend eine kurze Vorstellung von cibera, gefolgt von allgemeinen Vorüberlegungen, warum es für Virtuelle Fachbibliotheken (und sicher auch für verwandte bibliothekarische Informationsdienste) sinnvoll ist, sich mit dem Thema einer Web-2.0-Implementierung zu beschäftigen. Im Zentrum des Artikels steht dann ein Erfahrungsbericht aus der Praxis. Ein Ausblick darauf, was im Rahmen unserer Zielsetzung, cibera noch stärker mit der Fachcommunity zu vernetzen, im Verlauf des Jahres 2009 noch umgesetzt werden soll, schließt den Artikel ab. Falls Sie Interesse an detaillierteren Informationen haben sollten, hier eine wichtige Bemerkung vorneweg: Ich werde dieses Jahr am Bibliothekartag in Erfurt teilnehmen, sprechen Sie mich also im Vorfeld oder gerne auch vor Ort an, wenn Sie Fragen zu dem Thema Web 2.0 als Chance für die Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken haben.

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Abstract

Über international verfügbare Informationssammlungen wie Datenbanken oder Volltextsammlungen der Bildungsforschung zu informieren und Nutzern die Möglichkeit zu bieten, deren Qualität selbst zu bewerten, ist Aufgabe des im März 2008 begonnenen Projekts "Educational Resources Clearinghouse". Dazu soll auf der Basis semantischer Wiki-Technologien ein Meta-Informationssystem für Bildungsinformationen entwickelt werden. Das Projekt "Educational Resources Clearinghouse" wird im Rahmen des Pakts für Forschung und Innovation 2008 (www.pakt-fuer-forschung.de/) der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft (www.wgl.de/ ?nid=wet&nidap) gefördert und hat eine Laufzeit von zwei Jahren. Formale und inhaltliche Kriterien wie Art der Information, thematische Ausrichtung, Zugangsbedingungen/-restriktionen oder die Sprache, in der die Informationssammlung vorliegt, bilden den Kern der Beschreibungen der im "Educational Resources Clearinghouse" zusammengestellten Informationen. Aber Nutzer sollen sich nicht nur ein zuverlässiges Bild über derartige Sammlungen machen können - das Clearinghouse soll ihnen insbesondere auch als Ausgangspunkt für die kollektive Diskussion und Weiterentwicklung des Informationsangebots dienen. Im Sinne des so genannten "Kollaborativen Tagging" können sie Qualitätskriterien selbst benennen und deren Relevanz beurteilen. Die qualitative Beurteilung erfolgt also in einem offenen lnformations- und Kommunikationsraum. Mithilfe von Semantic MediaWiki, einer Erweiterung der MediaWiki-Software, werden die Beschreibungen und Beurteilungen der Informationssammlungen zu semantischen Analysen genutzt. Ziel ist es, die Informationen zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen und damit automatisch neues Wissen zu generieren. Das Projekt wird begleitend evaluiert: Mithilfe von Befragungen und Usability-Tests sollen die Akzeptanz des Wikis und das Nutzerverhalten überprüft werden. Darüber hinaus wird die nutzerorientierte Taxonomie (Folksonomy) mit Thesauri im Bildungswesen verglichen. Eine ausführlichere Darstellung des Projekts sowie eine Übersicht über alle Projekte der Bildungsinformation ist zu finden unter: www.dipf.de/bildungsinformation/projekte.htm. Informationen und Kontakt: Anke Reinhold, Projekt Educational Resources Clearinghouse, Tel. 069/ 24708-339, E-Mail reinhold@dipf.de, Referat Kommunikation / Informationszentrum (IZ) Bildung, Christine Schumann, Tel. 0 69.24708-314; E-Mail: schumann@dipf.de, www.dipf.de/bildungsinformation.htm

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Abstract

Librarians have long sought to select, evaluate, and organize information on the Internet. Efforts began with individual librarians sharing bookmark files of favorite sites and progressed to increasingly large, collaboratively produced general and subject/discipline-specific gateway Web sites or megasites. Megasites list major resources usually in a particular subject area or discipline. Library portals that review, evaluate, and sometimes rate and rank resources grew from some of these Web sites. Both megasites and portals serve as gateways to the Internet. Many portals have developed from relatively small static files into large, dynamically generated databases providing descriptive annotations of selected resources and are increasingly overseen as global projects with formal policies and procedures. Portals now provide increasingly complex and sophisticated browse and search capabilities with a multitude of access points, often including call numbers and subject headings. These are described and compared. Future trends such as increased collaboration among portals; automated location, selection, and cataloging of resources; integration of multiple resource types; and increased access to full-content and virtual library services are also discussed.

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Abstract

Digital libraries have become one of the most important Web services for information seeking. One of their main drawbacks is their global approach: In general, there is just one interface for all users. One of the key elements in improving user satisfaction in digital libraries is personalization. When considering personalizing factors, cognitive styles have been proved to be one of the relevant parameters that affect information seeking. This justifies the introduction of cognitive style as one of the parameters of a Web personalized service. Nevertheless, this approach has one major drawback: Each user has to run a time-consuming test that determines his or her cognitive style. In this article, we present a study of how different classification systems can be used to automatically identify the cognitive style of a user using the set of interactions with a digital library. These classification systems can be used to automatically personalize, from a cognitive-style point of view, the interaction of the digital library and each of its users.

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Abstract

Results of a project focusing on six Web-based collections in education. Our analysis of homegrown classification structures considers three dimensions. "Structure" is described through quantitative data (e.g. Number of main categories, Number of hierarchical levels, etc.). "Logic" concentrates on two aspects of the subdividing process: division principle, and type of hierarchical relation. "Semantics" relates to concepts and their representation in the form of terms. In our sample, the classification structures are hierarchical, not overly complex and not very specific. The choice, arrangement and sequence of classes are logical. Conceptual and terminological inconsistencies are due to significant gaps in conceptual coverage and lack of terminological control.

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Abstract

This comprehensive volume offers usable information for people at all levels of Internet savvy. It can teach librarians, students, and patrons how to search the Internet more systematically. It also helps information professionals design more efficient, effective search engines and Web pages.

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Abstract

Mit der Deutschen Internetbibliothek soll einer breiten Öffentlichkeit ein allgemeines Themenportal im Netz zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Ähnlich wie das jüngst eröffnete Portal Vascoda als Dienstleistung der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken und Informationseinrichtungen wird auch die Deutsche Internetbibliothek in Kooperation erstellt und gepflegt: Rund siebzig deutsche und österreichische Öffentliche Bibliotheken suchen nach relevanten Internetquellen, bewerten und rubrizieren einschlägige Angebote im Web - ein erstes Resümee nach fast einjährigem Betrieb des »Wissensportals der Bibliotheken«.

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Content

Für viele Wissenschaftler ist das Internet nach wie vor Fluch und Segen zugleich - unzählige Informationen, aber kaum ein sachgerechter, selektiver Zugriff auf validierte Quellen. Überfällig sind deshalb Dienste, die der hohen Qualitätsanforderung und Erwartungshaltung der Wissenschaft an die Webrecherche gerecht werden. Im Prinzip gibt es derzeit zwei konkurrierende Strategien zur Lösung dieses Problems. Suchmaschinenanbieter versuchen dem täglich wachsenden Informationsangebot im Internet mit immer ausgeklügelteren Suchtechnologien zu begegnen und liefern in vielen Fällen auch sehr gute Ergebnisse. Für die fachwissenschaftliche Recherche sind Suchmaschinen jedoch nicht in jedem Fall die erste Wahl. Insbesondere bei einem thematischen Sucheinstieg liefern Suchmaschinen unbefriedigende Treffer. Zu nennen sind hier schlagwortartig u.a. zu große Treffermengen, mangelnde Authentizität oder eine nicht nachprüfbare Verlässlichkeit der Quellen. Zudem wird auch das "Deep Web" von den Suchmaschinen nicht oder nur schwer erreicht. Die wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken dagegen setzten bislang auf das Prinzip der intellektuellen Auswahl, Katalogisierung und Beschreibung fachlich relevanter Internetquellen. Im Kontext der Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken werden umfangreiche Linksammlungen aufgebaut, den so genannten Fachinformationsführern oder auch den "quality controlled subject gateways", in denen i.d.R. ausschließlich fachlich relevante Quellen nachgewiesen werden. Doch die Zahl der nachgewiesenen Quellen bewegt sich meist im tausenderbereich und ruft Kritiker auf den Plan, die nicht gänzlich unbegründet die Frage nach der Sinnhaftigkeit stellen, das Web mit bibliothekarischen Mitteln katalogisieren zu wollen. Diese Kritik zeigt deutlich die Grenzen von Fachinformationsführern auf, die von vielen übersehen werden. Ein Fachinformationsführer kann allenfalls den Zugang zu den zentralen Einstiegspunkten bieten. Der besondere Mehrwert liegt darin, dass die Nutzer ausschließlich Quellen findet, die einen strengen Auswahlprozess durchlaufen haben und über einen thematischen Zugang (Browsing) erreichbar sind. Was fehlt ist ein Zugang zu einem fachwissenschaftlichen Websuchraum, in dem ausschließlich fachlich relevante Quellen - auch aus dem "Deep Web" zu finden sind. Für die Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Politikwissenschaft (ViFaPol) konnte diese Lücke durch eine Kooperation mit dem Suchmaschinenanbieter Seekport lnternet Techno-logies (www.seekport.de) geschlossen werden. Seekport realisiert auf der Basis der ca. 3.800 Quellen, die im Fachinformationsführer nachgewiesen sind, eine Volltextsuche in den Quellen bis zur 3. Hierarchieebene. In ViFaPol können Wissenschaftler nunmehr in einem fachlichen Websuchraum mit knapp 21/2 Millionen Seiten recherchieren, darunter mehr als 140.000 wissenschaftliche Volltexte (PDF-Dokumente). Ziel der Partnerschaft zwischen Bibliothek und Suchmaschinenanbieter ist die Zusammenführung des Besten aus beiden Welten ist das Ziel der Partnerschaft von Bibliothek und Suchmaschinenanbieter - ein Beispiel, das Schule machen könnte."

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Abstract

Virtuelle Quellen zur Kunst-Erschließung und Recherchewar das Thema eines Workshops, der am 16. Oktober 2003 in der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (SLUB) veranstaltet wurde. Anliegen war die Präsentation des DFG-geförderten Projektes ViFaArtVirtuelle Fachbibliothek Gegenwartskunst. Im Folgenden wird dieses Projekt näher vorgestellt. Schwerpunkt der Darstellung wird der hierbei entwickelte Katalog von Webseiten bzw. Internetquellen sein (Art-Guide). Die Auseinandersetzung mit Internetquellen und ihre Nutzung für die Informationsgewinnung ist auch für die Kunstwissenschaft zum aktuellen Thema geworden. Eine Hauptaufgabe des World Wide Web liegt neben dem schnellen und direkten Informationsaustausch in der Vermittlung von Information - einem Hauptanliegen wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken überhaupt. Somit rückt die Problematik auch immer näher an den Aufgabenkreis von Bibliotheken heran. Es stellen sich Fragen wie: Welche Art von Informationen liegen im Web bereit, sind sie vertrauenswürdig, wie kann man sie nutzen und vor allem: wie sind sie zu finden? Seit 2000 wird an der SLUB eine Virtuelle Fachbibliothek zur Gegenwartskunst projektiert: ViFaArt. Das Projekt ist Partner von Vascoda, dem interdisziplinären Internetportal für wissenschaftliche Information in Deutschland. Unter http:// www.vascoda.de/sind Online- und Print-Informationen von derzeit über 20 Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken, 4 Informationsverbünden und der Elektronischen Zeitschriftenbibliothek (EZB) abrufbar. Anfang des nächsten Jahres wird auch ViFaArt den Katalog der Internetquellen (Art-Guide, vgl. unten) als Datenbank dort einbringen. Eine Metasuche über Vascoda wird dann also immer auch alle ArtGuide-Katalogisate berücksichtigen.

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Abstract

Reference services have taken a central place in library and information services. They are also regarded as personalised services since in most cases a personal discussion takes place between a user and a reference librarian. Based on this, the librarian points to the sources that are considered to be most appropriate to meet the specific information need(s) of the user. Since the Web and digital libraries are meant for providing direct access to information sources and services without the intervention of human intermediaries, the pertinent question that appears is whether we need reference services in digital libraries, and, if so, how best to offer such services. Current digital libraries focus more on access to, and retrieval of, digital information, and hardly lay emphasis on the service aspects. This may have been caused by the narrower definitions of digital libraries formulated by digital library researchers. This paper looks at the current state of research in personalised information services in digital libraries. It first analyses some representative definitions of digital libraries in order to establish the need for personalised services. It then provides a brief overview of the various online reference and information services currently available on the Web. The paper also briefly reviews digital library research that specifically focuses on the personalisation of digital libraries and the provision of digital reference and information services. Finally, the paper proposes some new areas of research that may be undertaken to improve the provision of personalised information services in digital libraries.