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Blair, D.: Wittgenstein, language and information : "Back to the Rough Ground!" (2006)
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- Abstract
- This book is an extension of the discussions presented in Blair's 1990 book "Language and Representation in Information Retrieval", which was selected as the "Best Information Science Book of the Year" by the American Society for Information Science (ASIS). That work stated that the Philosophy of Language had the best theory for understanding meaning in language, and within the Philosophy of Language, the work of philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein was found to be most perceptive. The success of that book provided an incentive to look more deeply into Wittgenstein's philosophy of language, and how it can help us to understand how to represent the intellectual content of information. This is what the current title does, and by using this theory it creates a firm foundation for future Information Retrieval research. The work consists of four related parts. Firstly, a brief overview of Wittgenstein's philosophy of language and its relevance to information systems. Secondly, a detailed explanation of Wittgenstein's late philosophy of language and mind. Thirdly, an extended discussion of the relevance of his philosophy to understanding some of the problems inherent in information systems, especially those systems which rely on retrieval based on some representation of the intellectual content of that information. And, fourthly, a series of detailed footnotes which cite the sources of the numerous quotations and provide some discussion of the related issues that the text inspires.
- Classification
- CI 5017 Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie des Abendlandes / Philosophie der Gegenwart / Deutschland und deutschsprachige Länder / Autoren / Autoren W / Wittgenstein, Ludwig / Abhandlungen, Studien
- LCSH
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig / 1889 / 1951
- RSWK
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig / Sprachphilosophie / Information
- RVK
- CI 5017 Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie des Abendlandes / Philosophie der Gegenwart / Deutschland und deutschsprachige Länder / Autoren / Autoren W / Wittgenstein, Ludwig / Abhandlungen, Studien
- Subject
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig / Sprachphilosophie / Information
Wittgenstein, Ludwig / 1889 / 1951
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Keen, A.: ¬The cult of the amateur : how today's internet is killing our culture (2007)
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- Abstract
- Keen's relentless "polemic" is on target about how a sea of amateur content threatens to swamp the most vital information and how blogs often reinforce one's own views rather than expand horizons. But his jeremiad about the death of "our cultural standards and moral values" heads swiftly downhill. Keen became somewhat notorious for a 2006 Weekly Standard essay equating Web 2.0 with Marxism; like Karl Marx, he offers a convincing overall critique but runs into trouble with the details. Readers will nod in recognition at Keen's general arguments - sure, the Web is full of "user-generated nonsense"! - but many will frown at his specific examples, which pretty uniformly miss the point. It's simply not a given, as Keen assumes, that Britannica is superior to Wikipedia, or that record-store clerks offer sounder advice than online friends with similar musical tastes, or that YouTube contains only "one or two blogs or songs or videos with real value." And Keen's fears that genuine talent will go unnourished are overstated: writers penned novels before there were publishers and copyright law; bands recorded songs before they had major-label deals. In its last third, the book runs off the rails completely, blaming Web 2.0 for online poker, child pornography, identity theft and betraying "Judeo-Christian ethics."
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Kleinwächter, W.: Macht und Geld im Cyberspace : wie der Weltgipfel zur Informationsgesellschaft (WSIS) die Weichen für die Zukunft stellt (2004)
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- Date
- 20.12.2006 18:22:32
- Isbn
- 3-936931-22-4
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Sunstein, C.: Infotopia : wie viele Köpfe Wissen produzieren (2009)
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- Abstract
- Die Produktion und Verbreitung von Informationen und Wissen ist heute nicht mehr nur die Sache weniger hochspezialisierter Experten und exklusiver Kreise, sondern vielmehr ein kollektives Unternehmen. Viele Köpfe auf der ganzen Welt - Sachverständige wie Laien - arbeiten von heimischen Rechnern aus über Wikis, Blogs und Open-Source-Projekte gemeinsam am Wissenskorpus der Menschheit, der dann über das Internet fast jedermann zur Verfügung steht. Fluch oder Segen? Werden wir durch die Überflutung mit ungesicherten Informationen zu Schafen einer digitalen Herde, die einfach das glauben, was viele für richtig halten, und nicht, was wirklich richtig ist? Oder verwirklicht sich hier gerade eine Utopie: alles zu wissen, was jeder von uns weiß? Cass R. Sunstein exponiert sich in seinem neuen Buch als entschiedener Infotopist. Traditionelle geschlossene Expertenzirkel, so zeigt er, werden häufig zu »Informationskokons«, aus denen heraus nicht selten Entscheidungen mit fatalen Folgen getroffen werden - etwa jene, die zur Rechtfertigung des Irak-Krieges, zum Zusammenbruch von Enron und zum Absturz des Space Shuttle Columbia geführt haben. Die neuen Formen kollektiven Wissenserwerbs unterliegen hingegen einem Prozeß, in dem Informationen fortlaufend und öffentlich ausgetauscht, aktualisiert und kritisiert werden. Anhand zahlreicher schlagender Beispiele und mit theoretischer Prägnanz erarbeitet Sunstein Regeln für eine Kommunikation im offenen Wissensnetzwerk, mit denen sich diese Diskussionsprozesse so gestalten lassen, daß wir zu mehr und vor allem exakterem Wissen kommen, an dem wir im infotopischen Idealfall alle partizipieren können.
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Gleick, J.: ¬Die Information : Geschichte, Theorie, Flut (2011)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2012, H.6, S.94-96 (R. Pilous): " ... Bei aller Materialfülle nimmt Gleick einen technokratischen Standpunkt ein - so konsequent, dass er Gedanken zum Verstehen von Information durch den Menschen oder zur Philosophie selbst dort weglässt, wo sie sich aufdrängen. Seiner leidenschaftlich vorgebrachten Vision, die moderne Physik auf eine Art Quanteninformationstheorie zu reduzieren, fehlt eine gründliche Reflexion ebenso wie seiner Darstellung der Theorie der Meme. Und dennoch: Gleicks Projekt einer Gesamtdarstellung des Informationsbegriffs ist mutig, bisher einmalig und im Wesentlichen gelungen."
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Informations- und Kommunikationsutopien (2008)
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- Editor
- Grimm, P. u. R. Capurro
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Kuhlen, R.: Informationsethik : Umgang mit Wissen und Information in elektronischen Räumen (2004)
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