-
Fugmann, R.: On the role of subjectivity in establishing, using, operating and evaluating information retrieval systems : treatise 2 on information retrieval theory (1973)
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- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 9(1973), S.353-372
-
Fugmann, R.: ¬The theoretical foundation of the IDC-system : 6 postulates for information retrieval; treatise 1 on information retrieval theory (1972)
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Fugmann, R.: ¬The glamour and the misery of the thesaurus approach : treatise 4 on information retrieval theory (1974)
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Fugmann, R.; Isenberg, M.; Winter, J.H.: ¬Das Suchen nach verallgemeinerter Information : treatise 9 on retrieval system theory (1985)
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-
Fugmann, R.: Toward a theory of information supply and indexing : treatise 6 on retrieval system theory (1976)
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-
Fugmann, R.; Kusemann, G.; Winter, H.J.: ¬The supply of information an chemical reactions in the IDC system (1979)
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- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 15(1979), S.303-323
-
Fugmann, R.; Nickelsen, H.; Nickelsen, I.; Winter, J.H.: Representation of concept relations using the TOSAR system of IDC : treatise 3 on information retrieval theory (1974)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 25(1974), S.287-307
-
Fugmann, R.: What is information? : an information veteran looks back (2022)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0943-7444-2022-1-3/what-is-information-an-information-veteran-looks-back-jahrgang-49-2022-heft-1?page=1.
- Date
- 18. 8.2022 19:22:57
- Theme
- Information
-
Fugmann, R.: Representational predictibility : key to the resolution of several pending issues in indexing and information supply (1994)
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- Abstract
- The low effectiveness of most current information systems has often been pointed out and deplored. A number of misconceptions and experiments under unrealistic conditions have contributed to the faulty design and evaluation of information systems. The postulate of representational predictibility can help to clarify some of the still pending issues as there are the strenghts and limitations of uncontrolled natural language text in retrieval systems, factors for their evaluation, the reliability, consistency, and exhaustivity of indexing, the postulated 'inverse precision-recall relationship', and the usefulness of syntactical evices. The performance of information systems can be imporved if representational predictibility is aimed at in their design and operational use
-
Fugmann, R.; Winter, J.H.: Reverse retrieval : toward analogy inferences by mechanized classification (treatise 7 on retrieval system theory) (1979)
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Fugmann, R.; Denk, W.: Variations in the order-creating power of interactive retrieval systems : treatise 8 on retrieval system theory (1980)
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Fugmann, R.: Unusual possibilities in indexing and classification (1990)
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- Abstract
- Contemporary research in information science has concentrated on the development of methods for the algorithmic processing of natural language texts. Often, the equivalence of this approach to the intellectual technique of content analysis and indexing is claimed. It is, however, disregarded that contemporary intellectual techniques are far from exploiting their full capabilities. This is largely due to the omission of vocabulary categorisation. It is demonstrated how categorisation can drastically improve the quality of indexing and classification, and, hence, of retrieval
-
Fugmann, R.: ¬The complementarity of natural and indexing languages (1985)
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- Abstract
- The second Cranfield experiment (Cranfield II) in the mid-1960s challenged assumptions held by librarians for nearly a century, namely, that the objective of providing subject access was to bring together all materials an a given topic and that the achieving of this objective required vocabulary control in the form of an index language. The results of Cranfield II were replicated by other retrieval experiments quick to follow its lead and increasing support was given to the opinion that natural language information systems could perform at least as effectively, and certainly more economically, than those employing index languages. When the results of empirical research dramatically counter conventional wisdom, an obvious course is to question the validity of the research and, in the case of retrieval experiments, this eventually happened. Retrieval experiments were criticized for their artificiality, their unrepresentative sampies, and their problematic definitions-particularly the definition of relevance. In the minds of some, at least, the relative merits of natural languages vs. indexing languages continued to be an unresolved issue. As with many eitherlor options, a seemingly safe course to follow is to opt for "both," and indeed there seems to be an increasing amount of counsel advising a combination of natural language and index language search capabilities. One strong voice offering such counsel is that of Robert Fugmann, a chemist by training, a theoretician by predilection, and, currently, a practicing information scientist at Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main. This selection from his writings sheds light an the capabilities and limitations of both kinds of indexing. Its special significance lies in the fact that its arguments are based not an empirical but an rational grounds. Fugmann's major argument starts from the observation that in natural language there are essentially two different kinds of concepts: 1) individual concepts, repre sented by names of individual things (e.g., the name of the town Augsburg), and 2) general concepts represented by names of classes of things (e.g., pesticides). Individual concepts can be represented in language simply and succinctly, often by a single string of alphanumeric characters; general concepts, an the other hand, can be expressed in a multiplicity of ways. The word pesticides refers to the concept of pesticides, but also referring to this concept are numerous circumlocutions, such as "Substance X was effective against pests." Because natural language is capable of infinite variety, we cannot predict a priori the manifold ways a general concept, like pesticides, will be represented by any given author. It is this lack of predictability that limits natural language retrieval and causes poor precision and recall. Thus, the essential and defining characteristic of an index language ls that it is a tool for representational predictability.
-
Fugmann, R.: Obstacles to progress in mechanized subject access and the necessity of a paradigm change (2000)
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- Abstract
- Contemporary information systems, both the private and the commercially available ones, have often been blamed for their low effectiveness in terms of precision and recall, especially when they have reached considerable size with respect to file volume and use frequency (see, for example, Belkin, 1980; Blair, 1996, p.19; Desai, 1997; Drabenstott, 1996; Knorz, 1998). Saracevic (1989), after having reviewed the contemporary design of online subject access, calls "for radically different design principles and implementation" (p. 107). Van Rijsbergen (1990) writes: "The keywords approach with statistical techniques has reached its theoretical limit and further attempts for improvement are considered a waste of time" (p. 111). Lancaster (1992) deplores that very little really significant literature an subject indexing has been published in the last thirty or so years. In her preface to the Proceedings of the Sixth International Study Conference an Classification Research in 1997, Mcllwaine (1997) writes, "many were surprised to find that the problems with which they wrestle today are not greatly different from those that have been occupying the minds of specialists in the field for over a generation, and probably a great deal longer" (p. v).
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
-
Fugmann, R.: ¬The5[¬five] axiom theory of indexing and information supply (1985)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 36(1985) no.2, S.116-129
-
Fugmann, R.: Peculiarities of chemical information from a theoretical viewpoint (1985)
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- Source
- Journal of chemical information and computer sciences. 25(1985), S.174-180
-
Fugmann, R.: Informationstheorie: Der Jahrhundertbluff : Eine zeitkritische Betrachtung (Teil 2) (2008)
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- Content
- Vgl. Teil 1 in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 58(2007) H.8, S.449-458.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 59(2008) H.3, S.159-164
- Theme
- Information
-
Fugmann, R.: Indexieren: die Schwachstelle bei der Bürokommunikation (1988)
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- Source
- Mitteilungsblatt. Fachgruppe Chemie-Information. 13(1988), S.77-80
-
Fugmann, R.: Learning the lessons of the past (2004)
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- Imprint
- Medford, NJ : Information Today
- Source
- ¬The history and heritage of scientific and technological information systems: Proceedings of the 2002 Conference. Ed. by W. Boyd Rayward, Mary Ellen Bowden
-
Fugmann, R.: Informationstheorie: Der Jahrhundertbluff : (Teil 1] (2007)
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- Abstract
- In ihrer "Mathematical Theory of Communication" beschrieben Shannon und Weaver zur Mitte des vergangenen Jahrhunderts die Technik einer möglichst ungestörten und wirtschaftlichen Nachrichten-Übertragung. Die Einbeziehung der Deutung (Interpretation und Semantik) und der Nutzung der Nachrichten (Pragmatik) blieben der späteren Entwicklung überlassen. Ohne dass es zu dieser Fortentwicklung gekommen wäre, wurde der Geltungsbereich der Theorie jedoch bald auf den gesamten Kommunikationsprozess ausgedehnt. Dies geschah dadurch, dass diese Theorie in "Information Theory" umbenannt wurde, mancherlei Widersprüchen aus der Fachwelt zum Trotz. Noch immer wurde kein Unterschied zwischen Nachricht und Information gemacht, und einer jeglichen Nachricht und jeglichem Signal wurde eine neu definierte Art von "Informationsmenge" zugewiesen. Dieser rein statistische Begriff ist weit entfernt von der ureigentlichen Bedeutung des Wortes "Information". Was eine Nachricht bedeutet und ob sie für den Empfänger verständlich, interessant und nützlich ist, bleibt in dieser Theorie außer Betracht. Die Ursachen, der Verlauf und die Folgen dieser Verirrung werden untersucht und kritisiert. Wenn und so lange auch die Informatik einen solchen "Informations"-Begriff zu ihrer Grundlage hat, entbehrt sie jeglicher Kompetenz auf dem Gebiet dessen, was traditionell und umgangsprachig unter Information verstanden wird. Durch die ungerechtfertigte Beanspruchung und Durchsetzung von Zuständigkeit für das Gesamtgebiet der Information hat die "Informations"-Theorie weitverbreitet großen Schaden verursacht. Dies gilt bei aller Anerkennung der großen Fortschritte in der Informatik bei der reinen Technik der Datenverarbeitung, die aufgrund dieser Theorie ebenfalls erzielt worden sind. Teil 1 behandelt die index-relevanten Aspekte der "Informationstheorie".
- Content
- Vgl. Teil 2 in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 59(2008) H.3, S.59-164.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 58(2007) H.8, S.449-458
- Theme
- Information
