Search (26 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × author_ss:"Oppenheim, C."
  1. Oppenheim, C.; Selby, K.: Access to information on the World Wide Web for blind and visually impaired people (1999) 0.02
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    Abstract
    The Internet gives access for blind and visually impaired users to previously unobtainable information via Braille or speech synthesis interpretation. This paper looks at how three search engines, AltaVista, Yahoo! and Infoseek presented their information to a small group of visually impaired and blind users and how accessible individual Internet pages are. Two participants had varying levels of partial sight and two Subjects were blind and solely reliant on speech synthesis output. Subjects were asked for feedback on interface design at various stages of their search and any problems they encountered were noted. The barriers to access that were found appear to come about by lack of knowledge and thought by the page designers themselves. An accessible page does not have to be dull. By adhering to simple guidelines, visually impaired users would be able to access information more effectively than would otherwise be possible. Visually disabled people would also have the same opportunity to access knowledge as their sighted colleagues.
  2. Ahmed, S.M.Z.; McKnight, C.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬A study of users' performance and satisfaction with the Web of Science IR interface : making sense of it all (2005) 0.01
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    Object
    Web of Science
    Source
    Journal of information science. 30(2005) no.5, S.459-
  3. Zuccala, A.; Thelwall, M.; Oppenheim, C.; Dhiensa, R.: Web intelligence analyses of digital libraries : a case study of the National electronic Library for Health (NeLH) (2007) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of LexiURL as a Web intelligence tool for collecting and analysing links to digital libraries, focusing specifically on the National electronic Library for Health (NeLH). Design/methodology/approach - The Web intelligence techniques in this study are a combination of link analysis (web structure mining), web server log file analysis (web usage mining), and text analysis (web content mining), utilizing the power of commercial search engines and drawing upon the information science fields of bibliometrics and webometrics. LexiURL is a computer program designed to calculate summary statistics for lists of links or URLs. Its output is a series of standard reports, for example listing and counting all of the different domain names in the data. Findings - Link data, when analysed together with user transaction log files (i.e. Web referring domains) can provide insights into who is using a digital library and when, and who could be using the digital library if they are "surfing" a particular part of the Web; in this case any site that is linked to or colinked with the NeLH. This study found that the NeLH was embedded in a multifaceted Web context, including many governmental, educational, commercial and organisational sites, with the most interesting being sites from the.edu domain, representing American Universities. Not many links directed to the NeLH were followed on September 25, 2005 (the date of the log file analysis and link extraction analysis), which means that users who access the digital library have been arriving at the site via only a few select links, bookmarks and search engine searches, or non-electronic sources. Originality/value - A number of studies concerning digital library users have been carried out using log file analysis as a research tool. Log files focus on real-time user transactions; while LexiURL can be used to extract links and colinks associated with a digital library's growing Web network. This Web network is not recognized often enough, and can be a useful indication of where potential users are surfing, even if they have not yet specifically visited the NeLH site.
  4. Eager, C.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬An observational method for undertaking user needs studies (1996) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The study of information needs has long be acknowlegded as one of the most important factors in the design of information services but has been hampered by the severe problem of designing user studies that will reliably measure them. Reviews the literature of previous research in this field, concluding that time and money are the chief constraints on information seeking behaviour. Describes a new observational technique for identifying the information needs of users and reports results of a small scale experiment to test the methodology. The observational technique involves the researcher being with the subject continuously throughout the day and observing their actions. The behaviour recorded was any action taken in order to answer a question. A small scale study was undertaken of 3 academics from the Psychology Department, University of Strathclyde, using the observational technique. The preferred technique of all the academics was to carry out their own research, followed by consultation with other individuals. One lecturer was a significantly heavier user of electronic media than the other two. The preferred physical locations of the information sources were personal collections and the University Library. One lecturer consistently used a wide range of sources while the other two strongly preferred to use personal contacts. Informal sources were found to be twice as popular as formal sources. A follow up questionnaire survey examined the possibility that previous training in the use of the library could explain the differences in the use of electronic information sources but results were found to be negative. Concludes that the new research tool developed for this type of study is both robust and likely to yield reliable information about user information needs
    Source
    Journal of librarianship and information science. 28(1996) no.1, S.15-24
    Theme
    Information
  5. Oppenheim, C.: Using the h-Index to rank influential British researchers in information science and librarianship (2007) 0.00
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    Abstract
    The recently developed h-index has been applied to the literature produced by senior British-based academics in librarianship and information science. The majority of those evaluated currently hold senior positions in UK information science and librarianship departments; however, a small number of staff in other departments and retired "founding fathers" were analyzed as well. The analysis was carried out using the Web of Science (Thomson Scientific, Philadelphia, PA) for the years from 1992 to October 2005, and included both secondauthored papers and self-citations. The top-ranking British information scientist, Peter Willett, has an h-index of 31. However, it was found that Eugene Garfield, the founder of modern citation studies, has an even higher h-index of 36. These results support other studies suggesting that the h-index is a useful tool in the armory of bibliometrics.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.2, S.297-301
  6. Oppenheim, C.: ¬An agenda for action to achieve the information society in the UK (1996) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Discusses ways in which government can play a important role in shaping national policies for a nation's information infrastructure. Considers such factors as the development of national policies for: supporting the development of electronic information services; privacy and data protection; copyright; and public libraries and national libraries
    Source
    Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.6, S.407-421
  7. Norris, M.; Oppenheim, C.; Rowland, F.: ¬The citation advantage of open-access articles (2008) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Four subjects - ecology, applied mathematics, sociology, and economics - were selected to assess whether there is a citation advantage between journal articles that have an open-access (OA) version on the Internet compared to those articles that are exclusively toll access (TA). Citations were counted using the Web of Science, and the OA status of articles was determined by searching OAIster, OpenDOAR, Google, and Google Scholar. Of a sample of 4,633 articles examined, 2,280 (49%) were OA and had a mean citation count of 9.04 whereas the mean for TA articles was 5.76. There appears to be a clear citation advantage for those articles that are OA as opposed to those that are TA. This advantage, however, varies between disciplines, with sociology having the highest citation advantage, but the lowest number of OA articles, from the sample taken, and ecology having the highest individual citation count for OA articles, but the smallest citation advantage. Tests of correlation or association between OA status and a number of variables were generally found to weak or inconsistent. The cause of this citation advantage has not been determined.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.12, S.1963-1972
  8. Oppenheim, C.: Intellectual property : legal and other issues (1997) 0.00
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    Abstract
    The rapidly increasing volume and variety of electronic or digitized information sources and their accessibility worldwide, have brought to the surface new issues concerning intellectual property, the complexity of the related legal questions and application of legislative measures in real world situations. Attemps to define 'intellectual property' from different points of view; considers the different types with different 'strengths' of protection, and the underlying objectives of such protection. Discusses copyright and international treaties on intellectual property, what is protected and for how long, the concept of fair use and the role of organizations concerned with reproduction rights. Presents a brief overview of the intellectual property questions relating to electronic media: machine readable databases, the information resources on the Internet, and images; electrocopying and downloading of texts and images from networks; and the special nature and copyright problems of multimedia. Also considers moral rights and the need for and feasibility of establishing Electronic Copyright Management System (ECMS)
    Source
    Information studies. 3(1997) no.1, S.5-22
  9. Oppenheim, C.: Electronic scholarly publishing and open access (2009) 0.00
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    Date
    8. 7.2010 19:22:45
    Source
    Information science in transition, Ed.: A. Gilchrist
  10. Oppenheim, C.: National information policies and the need for a coalition for public information (1996) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Defines a national information policy, identifying 6 component areas. Describes some specific aspects of government action that can be used as a test of commitment to an national information policy. Suggests support for electronic information industries is one of the key methods by which a government can influence information policy, citing the case of the USA as an example. More specifically, considers freedom of information, and policy towards public and national libraries. Argues for the creation of a Coalition for Public Information in each major country, to provide a forum where members of the information community can participate in public policy discussions about technical, economic and social questions arising from the use of information derived from the new electronic communication and information delivery technologies
    Source
    Information management report. 1996, Mar., S.7-13
  11. Oppenheim, C.: Managers' use and handling of information (1997) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Reviews 3 pieces of research funded by Reuters, 1994-96, that surveyed the understanding of, and use of information by managers. Whilst managers are well aware of the importance of information, they do not feel in control of their use of it. They are not given all the information they need but at the same time are overwhelmed by too much information. They recognise information as important, but do not know how to value it. They think their organization has information policies, but are rarely aware of what the policies are. They find that their personal and social life can be damaged by the problems of too much information. Librarians and information managers seem not be considered as a solution to these problems. There is a clear market niche for information managers to exploit
    Source
    International journal of information management. 17(1997) no.4, S.239-248
    Theme
    Information Resources Management
  12. Oppenheim, C.; Morris, A.; McKnight, C.: ¬The evaluation of WWW search engines (2000) 0.00
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    Abstract
    The literature of the evaluation of Internet search engines is reviewed. Although there have been many studies, there has been little consistency in the way such studies have been carried out. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that recall is virtually impossible to calculate in the fast changing Internet environment, and therefore the traditional Cranfield type of evaluation is not usually possible. A variety of alternative evaluation methods has been suggested to overcome this difficulty. The authors recommend that a standardised set of tools is developed for the evaluation of web search engines so that, in future, comparisons can be made between search engines more effectively, and that variations in performance of any given search engine over time can be tracked. The paper itself does not provide such a standard set of tools, but it investigates the issues and makes preliminary recommendations of the types of tools needed
  13. Summers, R.; Oppenheim, C.; Meadows, J.; McKnight, C.; Kinnell, M.: Information science in 2010 : a Loughborough University view (1999) 0.00
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    Content
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes: The 50th Anniversary of the Journal of the American Society for Information Science. Pt.2: Paradigms, models, and models of information science
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.12, S.1153-
  14. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The applications of virtual reality : pt.1.2 (1993) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Considers virtual reality and the applications of virtual reality that information workers will need to assimilate in the next decade or so. Considers possible applications in the library and information world, for example the extension of the notion of the virtual library using virtual reality
    Source
    Information management report. 1993, Nov., S. - , Dec., S.10-14
  15. Grainger-Smith, N.; Oppenheim, C.: ¬The role of information systems and technology (IS/IT) in investment banks (1994) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Considers the role of information systems and information technology (IT) within investment banks, based upon a survey of the literature and a small scale case study. Considers whether investment banks receive value for money from their investment in IT, and ways in which IT can be evaluated for its contribution to profitability. Concludes that failure to implement techniques for systematically identifying and qualifying IT costs and benefits has mede it difficult for them to determine the level of added value resulting from such investment and the contribution of IT towards the bottom line. Considers also what role technology plays in the strategic management process and concludes that it is essential to incorporate both information and IT strategy into the strategic management process, to ensue that IT is cooncentrated in those areas in which it cann add most value. Finally, considers the potential for deriving competitive advantage from IT
    Source
    Journal of information science. 20(1994) no.5, S.323-333
    Theme
    Information Resources Management
  16. Oppenheim, C.: Recent EC initiatives on copyright (1993) 0.00
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    Source
    Information management report. 1993, Feb., S.9-13
  17. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The implications of copyright legislation for electronic access to journal collections (1994) 0.00
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    Source
    Journal of document and text management. 2(1994) no.1, S.10-22
  18. Oppenheim, C.: Electronic copyright (1993) 0.00
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    Source
    Information management report. 1993, Jan., S.9-14
  19. Baird, L.M.; Oppenheim, C.: Do citations matter? (1994) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Citation indexes are based on the principle of authors citing previous articles of relevance. The paper demonstrates the long history of citing for precedent and notes how ISI's citation indexes differ from 'Shephards Citations'. The paper analyses some of the criticisms of citations counting, and some of the uses for which citation analysis has been employed. The paper also examines the idea of the development of an Acknowledgement Index, and concludes such an index is unlikely to be commercially viable. The paper describes a citation study of Eugene Garfield, and concludes that he may be the most heavily cited information scientist, that he is a heavy self-citer, and that the reasons why other authors cite Garfield are different from the reasons why he cites himself. The paper concludes that citation studies remain a valid methgod of analysis of individuals', institutions', or journals' impact, but need to be used with caution and in conjunction with other measures
    Source
    Journal of information science. 20(1994) no.1, S.2-15
  20. Oppenheim, C.: ¬The virtual library : some common sense please (1994) 0.00
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    Source
    Managing information. 1(1994) no.1, S.26-27