-
Probst, M.; Mittelbach, J.: Maschinelle Indexierung in der Sacherschließung wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken (2006)
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- Abstract
- Obwohl fast alle größeren Bibliotheken intellektuelle Sacherschließung betreiben, sind elektronische Kataloge für die zielgerichtete sachliche Suche nur eingeschränkt nutzbar. Durch maschinelle Indexierung können ohne nennenswerten personellen Mehraufwand ausreichend große Datenmengen für Informationsretrievalsysteme erzeugt und somit die Auffindbarkeit von Dokumenten erhöht werden. Geeignete Sprachanalysetechniken zur Indextermerzeugung sind bekannt und bieten im Gegensatz zur gebräuchlichen Freitextinvertierung entscheidende Vorteile beim Retrieval. Im Fokus steht die Betrachtung der Vor- und Nachteile der gängigen Indexierungssysteme MILOS und intelligentCAPTURE.
- Date
- 22. 3.2008 12:35:19
- Source
- Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 30(2006) H.2, S.168-176
-
Rasmussen, E.M.: Indexing and retrieval for the Web (2002)
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- Abstract
- The introduction and growth of the World Wide Web (WWW, or Web) have resulted in a profound change in the way individuals and organizations access information. In terms of volume, nature, and accessibility, the characteristics of electronic information are significantly different from those of even five or six years ago. Control of, and access to, this flood of information rely heavily an automated techniques for indexing and retrieval. According to Gudivada, Raghavan, Grosky, and Kasanagottu (1997, p. 58), "The ability to search and retrieve information from the Web efficiently and effectively is an enabling technology for realizing its full potential." Almost 93 percent of those surveyed consider the Web an "indispensable" Internet technology, second only to e-mail (Graphie, Visualization & Usability Center, 1998). Although there are other ways of locating information an the Web (browsing or following directory structures), 85 percent of users identify Web pages by means of a search engine (Graphie, Visualization & Usability Center, 1998). A more recent study conducted by the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society confirms the finding that searching for information is second only to e-mail as an Internet activity (Nie & Ebring, 2000, online). In fact, Nie and Ebring conclude, "... the Internet today is a giant public library with a decidedly commercial tilt. The most widespread use of the Internet today is as an information search utility for products, travel, hobbies, and general information. Virtually all users interviewed responded that they engaged in one or more of these information gathering activities."
Techniques for automated indexing and information retrieval (IR) have been developed, tested, and refined over the past 40 years, and are well documented (see, for example, Agosti & Smeaton, 1996; BaezaYates & Ribeiro-Neto, 1999a; Frakes & Baeza-Yates, 1992; Korfhage, 1997; Salton, 1989; Witten, Moffat, & Bell, 1999). With the introduction of the Web, and the capability to index and retrieve via search engines, these techniques have been extended to a new environment. They have been adopted, altered, and in some Gases extended to include new methods. "In short, search engines are indispensable for searching the Web, they employ a variety of relatively advanced IR techniques, and there are some peculiar aspects of search engines that make searching the Web different than more conventional information retrieval" (Gordon & Pathak, 1999, p. 145). The environment for information retrieval an the World Wide Web differs from that of "conventional" information retrieval in a number of fundamental ways. The collection is very large and changes continuously, with pages being added, deleted, and altered. Wide variability between the size, structure, focus, quality, and usefulness of documents makes Web documents much more heterogeneous than a typical electronic document collection. The wide variety of document types includes images, video, audio, and scripts, as well as many different document languages. Duplication of documents and sites is common. Documents are interconnected through networks of hyperlinks. Because of the size and dynamic nature of the Web, preprocessing all documents requires considerable resources and is often not feasible, certainly not an the frequent basis required to ensure currency. Query length is usually much shorter than in other environments-only a few words-and user behavior differs from that in other environments. These differences make the Web a novel environment for information retrieval (Baeza-Yates & Ribeiro-Neto, 1999b; Bharat & Henzinger, 1998; Huang, 2000).
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 37(2003), S.91-126
-
Koch, T.: Experiments with automatic classification of WAIS databases and indexing of WWW : some results from the Nordic WAIS/WWW project (1994)
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- Abstract
- The Nordic WAIS/WWW project sponsored by NORDINFO is a joint project between Lund University Library and the National Technological Library of Denmark. It aims to improve the existing networked information discovery and retrieval tools Wide Area Information System (WAIS) and World Wide Web (WWW), and to move towards unifying WWW and WAIS. Details current results focusing on the WAIS side of the project. Describes research into automatic indexing and classification of WAIS sources, development of an orientation tool for WAIS, and development of a WAIS index of WWW resources
-
Wolfekuhler, M.R.; Punch, W.F.: Finding salient features for personal Web pages categories (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines techniques that discover features in sets of pre-categorized documents, such that similar documents can be found on the WWW. Examines techniques which will classifiy training examples with high accuracy, then explains why this is not necessarily useful. Describes a method for extracting word clusters from the raw document features. Results show that the clustering technique is successful in discovering word groups in personal Web pages which can be used to find similar information on the WWW
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue of papers from the 6th International World Wide Web conference, held 7-11 Apr 1997, Santa Clara, California
-
Niggemann, E.: Wer suchet, der findet? : Verbesserung der inhaltlichen Suchmöglichkeiten im Informationssystem Der Deutschen Bibliothek (2006)
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- Abstract
- Elektronische Bibliothekskataloge und Bibliografien haben ihr Monopol bei der Suche nach Büchern, Aufsätzen, musikalischen Werken u. a. verloren. Globale Suchmaschinen sind starke Konkurrenten, und Bibliotheken müssen heute so planen, dass ihre Dienstleistungen auch morgen noch interessant sind. Die Deutsche Bibliothek (DDB) wird ihre traditionelle Katalogrecherche zu einem globalen, netzbasierten Informationssystem erweitern, das die Vorteile der neutralen, qualitätsbasierten Katalogsuche mit den Vorteilen moderner Suchmaschinen zu verbinden sucht. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Verbesserung der inhaltlichen Suchmöglichkeiten im Informationssystem Der Deutschen Bibliothek. Weitere Entwicklungsstränge sollen nur kurz im Ausblick angerissen werden.
- Source
- Information und Sprache: Beiträge zu Informationswissenschaft, Computerlinguistik, Bibliothekswesen und verwandten Fächern. Festschrift für Harald H. Zimmermann. Herausgegeben von Ilse Harms, Heinz-Dirk Luckhardt und Hans W. Giessen
-
Rädler, K.: In Bibliothekskatalogen "googlen" : Integration von Inhaltsverzeichnissen, Volltexten und WEB-Ressourcen in Bibliothekskataloge (2004)
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- Abstract
- Ausgangslage Die Katalog-Recherchen über Internet, also von außerhalb der Bibliothek, nehmen erwartungsgemäß stark zu bzw. sind mittlerweile die Regel. Damit ist natürlich das Bedürfnis und die Notwendigkeit gewachsen, über den Titel hinaus zusätzliche inhaltliche Informationen zu erhalten, die es erlauben, die Zweckmäßigkeit wesentlich besser abschätzen zu können, eine Bestellung vorzunehmen oder vielleicht auch 50 km in die Bibliothek zu fahren, um ein Buch zu entleihen. Dieses Informationsdefizit wird zunehmend als gravierender Mangel erfahren. Inhaltsverzeichnisse referieren den Inhalt kurz und prägnant. Sie sind die erste Stelle, welche zur Relevanz-Beurteilung herangezogen wird. Fast alle relevanten Terme einer Fachbuchpublikation finden sich bereits dort. Andererseits wird immer deutlicher, dass die dem bibliothekarischen Paradigma entsprechende intellektuelle Indexierung der einzelnen dokumentarischen Einheiten mit den engsten umfassenden dokumentationssprachlichen Termen (Schlagwörter, Klassen) zwar eine notwendige, aber keinesfalls hinreichende Methode darstellt, das teuer erworbene Bibliotheksgut Information für den Benutzer in seiner spezifischen Problemstellung zu aktivieren und als Informationsdienstleistung anbieten zu können. Informationen zu sehr speziellen Fragestellungen, die oft nur in kürzeren Abschnitten (Kapitel) erörtert werden, sind derzeit nur indirekt, mit großem Zeitaufwand und oft überhaupt nicht auffindbar. Sie liegen sozusagen brach. Die Tiefe der intellektuellen Indexierung bis in einzelne inhaltliche Details zu erweitern, ist aus personellen und damit auch finanziellen Gesichtspunkten nicht vertretbar. Bibliotheken fallen deshalb in der Wahrnehmung von Informationssuchenden immer mehr zurück. Die enorme Informationsvielfalt liegt hinter dem Informations- bzw. Recherchehorizont der bibliographischen Aufnahmen im Katalog.
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Lück, W.; Rittberger, W.; Schwantner, M.: ¬Der Einsatz des Automatischen Indexierungs- und Retrievalsystems (AIR) im Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe (1994)
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- Footnote
- Wiederabdruck aus: Experimentelles und praktisches Information Retrieval. Hrsg.: R. Kuhlen. Konstanz: Universitätsverlag 1992
- Series
- Bibliothek aktuell; Sonderh.12
-
Gábor, K.; Zargayouna, H.; Tellier, I.; Buscaldi, D.; Charnois, T.: ¬A typology of semantic relations dedicated to scientific literature analysis (2016)
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- Content
- Vortrag, "Semantics, Analytics, Visualisation: Enhancing Scholarly Data Workshop co-located with the 25th International World Wide Web Conference April 11, 2016 - Montreal, Canada", Montreal 2016.
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Fauzi, F.; Belkhatir, M.: Multifaceted conceptual image indexing on the world wide web (2013)
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- Abstract
- In this paper, we describe a user-centered design of an automated multifaceted concept-based indexing framework which analyzes the semantics of the Web image contextual information and classifies it into five broad semantic concept facets: signal, object, abstract, scene, and relational; and identifies the semantic relationships between the concepts. An important aspect of our indexing model is that it relates to the users' levels of image descriptions. Also, a major contribution relies on the fact that the classification is performed automatically with the raw image contextual information extracted from any general webpage and is not solely based on image tags like state-of-the-art solutions. Human Language Technology techniques and an external knowledge base are used to analyze the information both syntactically and semantically. Experimental results on a human-annotated Web image collection and corresponding contextual information indicate that our method outperforms empirical frameworks employing tf-idf and location-based tf-idf weighting schemes as well as n-gram indexing in a recall/precision based evaluation framework.
- Source
- Information processing and management. 49(2013) no.2, S.420-440
-
Voorhees, E.M.: Implementing agglomerative hierarchic clustering algorithms for use in document retrieval (1986)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.6, S.465-476
-
Biebricher, N.; Fuhr, N.; Lustig, G.; Schwantner, M.; Knorz, G.: ¬The automatic indexing system AIR/PHYS : from research to application (1988)
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- Date
- 16. 8.1998 12:51:22
- Footnote
- Wiederabgedruckt in: Readings in information retrieval. Ed.: K. Sparck Jones u. P. Willett. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann 1997. S.513-517.
- Source
- Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on research and development in information retrieval. Ed.: Y. Chiaramella
-
Hauer, M.: Neue Qualitäten in Bibliotheken : Durch Content-Ergänzung, maschinelle Indexierung und modernes Information Retrieval können Recherchen in Bibliothekskatalogen deutlich verbessert werden (2004)
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- Abstract
- Seit Frühjahr 2004 ist Dandelon.com als neues, offenes, internationales Wissenschaftsportal in Betrieb. Erste Retrieval-Tests bescheinigen deutlich bessere Suchergebnisse als in herkömmlichen OPACs oder Verbundsystemen. Seine Daten stammen aus intelligentCAPTURE und Bibliothekskatalogen. intelligentCAPTURE erfasst Content über Scanning oder File-Import oder Web-Spidering und indexiert nach morphosyntaktischen und semantischen Verfahren. Aufbereiteter Content und Indexate gehen an Bibliothekssysteme und an dandelon.com. Dandelon.com ist kostenlos zugänglich für Endbenutzer und ist zugleich Austauschzentrale und Katalogerweiterung für angeschlossene Bibliotheken. Neue Inhalte können so kostengünstig und performant erschlossen werden.
-
Shafer, K.: Scorpion Project explores using Dewey to organize the Web (1996)
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- Abstract
- As the amount of accessible information on the WWW increases, so will the cost of accessing it, even if search servcies remain free, due to the increasing amount of time users will have to spend to find needed items. Considers what the seemingly unorganized Web and the organized world of libraries can offer each other. The OCLC Scorpion Project is attempting to combine indexing and cataloguing, specifically focusing on building tools for automatic subject recognition using the technqiues of library science and information retrieval. If subject headings or concept domains can be automatically assigned to electronic items, improved filtering tools for searching can be produced
-
Hauer, M: Silicon Valley Vorarlberg : Maschinelle Indexierung und semantisches Retrieval verbessert den Katalog der Vorarlberger Landesbibliothek (2004)
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- Abstract
- 10 Jahre Internet haben die WeIt um die Bibliotheken herum stark geändert. Der Web-OPAC war eine Antwort der Bibliotheken. Doch reicht ein Web-OPAC im Zeitalter des Internets noch aus? Außer Web ist es doch der alte Katalog. Ca. 90% aller Bibliotheksrecherchen durch Benutzer sind Themenrecherchen. Ein Anteil dieser Recherchen bringt kein Ergebnis. Es kann leicht gemessen werden, dass null Medien gefunden wurden. Die Gründe hierfür wurden auch immer wieder untersucht: Plural- anstelle Singularformen, zu spezifische Suchbegriffe, Schreib- oder Bedienungsfehler. Zu wenig untersucht sind aber die Recherchen, die nicht mit einer Ausleihe enden, denn auch dann kann man in vielen Fällen von einem Retrieval-Mangel ausgehen. Schließlich: Von den ausgeliehenen Büchern werden nach Einschätzung vieler Bibliothekare 80% nicht weiter als bis zum Inhaltsverzeichnis gelesen (außer in Präsenzbibliotheken) - und erst nach Wochen zurückgegeben. Ein Politiker würde dies neudeutsch als "ein Vermittlungsproblem" bezeichnen. Ein Controller als nicht hinreichende Kapitalnutzung. Einfacher machen es sich immer mehr Studenten und Wissenschaftler, ihr Wissensaustausch vollzieht sich zunehmend an anderen Orten. Bibliotheken (als Funktion) sind unverzichtbar für die wissenschaftliche Kommunikation. Deshalb geht es darum, Wege zu finden und auch zu beschreiten, welche die Schätze von Bibliotheken (als Institution) effizienter an die Zielgruppe bringen. Der Einsatz von Information Retrieval-Technologie, neue Erschließungsmethoden und neuer Content sind Ansätze dazu. Doch die bisherigen Verbundstrukturen und Abhängigkeit haben das hier vorgestellte innovative Projekt keineswegs gefördert. Innovation entsteht wie die Innvoationsforschung zeigt eigentlich immer an der Peripherie: in Bregenz fing es an.
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Zhitomirsky-Geffet, M.; Prebor, G.; Bloch, O.: Improving proverb search and retrieval with a generic multidimensional ontology (2017)
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- Abstract
- The goal of this research is to develop a generic ontological model for proverbs that unifies potential classification criteria and various characteristics of proverbs to enable their effective retrieval and large-scale analysis. Because proverbs can be described and indexed by multiple characteristics and criteria, we built a multidimensional ontology suitable for proverb classification. To evaluate the effectiveness of the constructed ontology for improving search and retrieval of proverbs, a large-scale user experiment was arranged with 70 users who were asked to search a proverb repository using ontology-based and free-text search interfaces. The comparative analysis of the results shows that the use of this ontology helped to substantially improve the search recall, precision, user satisfaction, and efficiency and to minimize user effort during the search process. A practical contribution of this work is an automated web-based proverb search and retrieval system which incorporates the proposed ontological scheme and an initial corpus of ontology-based annotated proverbs.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.1, S.141-153
-
Groß, T.; Faden, M.: Automatische Indexierung elektronischer Dokumente an der Deutschen Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften : Bericht über die Jahrestagung der Internationalen Buchwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft (2010)
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- Abstract
- Die zunehmende Verfügbarmachung digitaler Informationen in den letzten Jahren sowie die Aussicht auf ein weiteres Ansteigen der sogenannten Datenflut kumulieren in einem grundlegenden, sich weiter verstärkenden Informationsstrukturierungsproblem. Die stetige Zunahme von digitalen Informationsressourcen im World Wide Web sichert zwar jederzeit und ortsungebunden den Zugriff auf verschiedene Informationen; offen bleibt der strukturierte Zugang, insbesondere zu wissenschaftlichen Ressourcen. Angesichts der steigenden Anzahl elektronischer Inhalte und vor dem Hintergrund stagnierender bzw. knapper werdender personeller Ressourcen in der Sacherschließun schafft keine Bibliothek bzw. kein Bibliotheksverbund es mehr, weder aktuell noch zukünftig, alle digitalen Daten zu erfassen, zu strukturieren und zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen. In der Informationsgesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts wird es aber zunehmend wichtiger, die in der Flut verschwundenen wissenschaftlichen Informationen zeitnah, angemessen und vollständig zu strukturieren und somit als Basis für eine Wissensgenerierung wieder nutzbar zu machen. Eine normierte Inhaltserschließung digitaler Informationsressourcen ist deshalb für die Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften (ZBW) als wichtige Informationsinfrastruktureinrichtung in diesem Bereich ein entscheidender und auch erfolgskritischer Aspekt im Wettbewerb mit anderen Informationsdienstleistern. Weil die traditionelle intellektuelle Sacherschließung aber nicht beliebig skalierbar ist - mit dem Anstieg der Zahl an Online-Dokumenten steigt proportional auch der personelle Ressourcenbedarf an Fachreferenten, wenn ein gewisser Qualitätsstandard gehalten werden soll - bedarf es zukünftig anderer Sacherschließungsverfahren. Automatisierte Verschlagwortungsmethoden werden dabei als einzige Möglichkeit angesehen, die bibliothekarische Sacherschließung auch im digitalen Zeitalter zukunftsfest auszugestalten. Zudem können maschinelle Ansätze dazu beitragen, die Heterogenitäten (Indexierungsinkonsistenzen) zwischen den einzelnen Sacherschließer zu nivellieren, und somit zu einer homogeneren Erschließung des Bibliotheksbestandes beitragen.
-
Hodges, P.R.: Keyword in title indexes : effectiveness of retrieval in computer searches (1983)
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- Abstract
- A study was done to test the effectiveness of retrieval using title word searching. It was based on actual search profiles used in the Mechanized Information Center at Ohio State University, in order ro replicate as closely as possible actual searching conditions. Fewer than 50% of the relevant titles were retrieved by keywords in titles. The low rate of retrieval can be attributes to three sources: titles themselves, user and information specialist ignorance of the subject vocabulary in use, and to general language problems. Across fields it was found that the social sciences had the best retrieval rate, with science having the next best, and arts and humanities the lowest. Ways to enhance and supplement keyword in title searching on the computer and in printed indexes are discussed.
- Date
- 14. 3.1996 13:22:21
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Jardine, N.; Rijsbergen, C.J. van: ¬The use of hierarchic clustering in information retrieval (1971)
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- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 7(1971), S.217-240
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Sparck Jones, K.; Jackson, D.M.: ¬The use of automatically obtained keyword classification for information retrieval (1970)
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- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 5(1970), S.175-201
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Kantor, P.B.; Voorhees, E.: Information retrieval with scanned texts (2000)
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- Source
- Information retrieval. 2(2000), S.165-176
