Search (368 results, page 1 of 19)

  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  • × theme_ss:"Formalerschließung"
  1. Mönch, C.; Aalberg, T.: Automatic conversion from MARC to FRBR (2003) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Catalogs have for centuries been the main tool that enabled users to search for items in a library by author, title, or subject. A catalog can be interpreted as a set of bibliographic records, where each record acts as a surrogate for a publication. Every record describes a specific publication and contains the data that is used to create the indexes of search systems and the information that is presented to the user. Bibliographic records are often captured and exchanged by the use of the MARC format. Although there are numerous rdquodialectsrdquo of the MARC format in use, they are usually crafted on the same basis and are interoperable with each other -to a certain extent. The data model of a MARC-based catalog, however, is rdquo[...] extremely non-normalized with excessive replication of datardquo [1]. For instance, a literary work that exists in numerous editions and translations is likely to yield a large result set because each edition or translation is represented by an individual record, that is unrelated to other records that describe the same work.
    Source
    Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European Conference, proceedings / ECDL 2003, Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003
  2. Ferris, A.M.: Cataloging Internet resources using MARC21 and AACR2 : Online training for working catalogers (2002) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This article endorses the use of Web-based instruction for cataloging education as represented by OCLC's online course, Cataloging Internet Resources Using MARC21 and AACR2. This type of instruction is particularly useful to working catalogers (professional and paraprofessional alike) who cannot spare the time or the expense to attend workshops and seminars in order to receive training in the latest developments in the field. The OCLC course also paves the way for a new standardized program of online cataloging education that will be tailored for working catalogers at all levels of expertise and that will offer specialized, yet convenient, training in a wide variety of formats.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Education for cataloging and the organization of information: pitfalls and the pendulum; Part II
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  3. Oehlschläger, S.: Treffpunkt Standardisierung : Eine Veranstaltung des Standardisierungsausschusses beim 2. Leipziger Kongress für Information und Bibliothek (2004) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Treffpunkt Standardisierung - Projekte, Konzepte und Kooperationen - lautete der Titel der Veranstaltung des Standardisierungsausschusses beim 2. Leipziger Kongress für Information und Bibliothek »Information Macht Bildung«, die vom Vorsitzenden Berndt Dugall moderiert wurde. Den größten Raum innerhalb der Veranstaltung nahm der Themenkomplex »Umstieg auf internationale Formate und Regelwerke (MARC21, AACR2)« ein. Zunächst stellte die Projektbearbeiterin Luise Hoffmann die Ausgangslage des Projektes sowie bisher vorliegende Ergebnisse aus dem von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Projekt vor und ging dabei auf einige Projektschwerpunkte ein: Luise Hoffmann stellte einige Punkte aus dem Regelwerks- und Formatabgleich sowie der Untersuchung über die Konsequenzen eines Umstiegs auf die laufende Katalogisierung vor und ging dann ausführlicher auf mögliche Auswirkungen eines Umstiegs auf die Informationsversorgung des Benutzers ein, einen Aspekt, dem im DFG-Antrag eine besondere, hervorgehobene Bedeutung beigemessen wird. In erster Linie wurden die Strategien der Benutzer zur Literatursuche untersucht. Ziel war es, herauszufinden, ob und welche Auswirkungen ein Umstieg auf die Benutzung des örtlichen Bibliothekskatalogs haben würde. Hierzu wurde zunächst die Suchstrategie von Benutzern ermittelt, um anschließend analysieren zu können, ob diese Strategie in einem AACR-MARC-basierten Katalog erfolgreicher oder weniger erfolgreich gewesen wäre. Da die zunehmende Literaturrecherche im Internet möglicherweise das Suchverhalten in einem OPAC beeinflusst, wurde zusätzlich die Suchstrategie im Internet erfragt. Zur Ermittlung der Suchstrategie wurde ein Fragebogen entworfen und in Der Deutschen Bibliothek getestet. Anhand der Deutschen Bibliotheksstatistik wurden Bibliotheken unter den Gesichtspunkten der Nutzerfrequenz und der Bestandsgröße ausgewählt und angefragt, ob sie bereit wären, den Fragebogen in ihrer Bibliothek auszulegen. Nachdem sich zehn Bibliotheken bereit erklärt hatten, wurden für die endgültige Befragung einige spezielle Fragen zu Suchbegriffen an die jeweiligen Bibliotheks-OPACs angepasst, da Formulierungen und Bezeichnungen wie Person, Autor, Verfasser u. dgl. in den Bibliothekskatalogen voneinander abweichen können. Als erstes Ergebnis nach Auswertung der Fragebögen aus drei Universitätsbibliotheken konnte festgestellt werden, dass Benutzer überwiegend unter Titelstichwörtern und Personen suchen und dabei Namensformen verwenden, die ihnen geläufig sind. Ein großer Teil der Benutzer weiß der Umfrage zufolge nicht, wie man den Band eines mehrbändigen Werkes sucht, und fast die Hälfte aller Befragten sucht nach Aufsätzen von Sammelwerken. Benutzer unterscheiden überwiegend bei ihrer Suche nicht, ob sie in einem deutschen oder einem ausländischen Katalog recherchieren. Um zu einheitlichen Suchergebnissen bei der Suche in deutschen und ausländischen Katalogen zu gelangen, sollte eine Annäherung der Standards angestrebt werden.
  4. Bothmann, R.: Cataloging electronic books (2004) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Papers on the cataloging of electronic resources have focused on electronic journals and Internet resources such as Web sites and not on electronic books. Electronic books are nonserial monographic resources accessed with a computer either directly or remotely. Rules and standards for cataloging electronic resources have changed and continue to change. This article discusses the electronic book as a unique manifestation and provides practical instruction on the application of current cataloging rules. The cataloging elements covered are control fields and variable data fields, including classification, uniform titles, title information, edition information, type and extent of the resource, publication and distribution information, physical description, series statements, notes, and subject analysis.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  5. Smiraglia, R.P.: ¬The "works" phenomenon and best selling books (2007) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Studying works allows us to see empirically the problem of instantiation of works, both at large and in the catalog. The linkage of relationships among works is a critical goal for information retrieval because the ability to comprehend and select a specific instantiation of a work is crucial for the advancement of scholarship. Hence, the present study examines the instantiation of works among a set of entities known to be popular-best selling books of the 20th century. A sample of best selling works (fiction and non-fiction) from 1900-1999 was constructed. For each work in the sample, all bibliographic records were identified in both OCLC and RLIN as well as instantiations on the World Wide Web. All but one work in the sample exists in multiple instantiations; many have large networks; and complex networks of instantiations have begun to appear in full text on the Web. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of continuing to gather statistical data about works. Solutions devised for the catalog will need to be modified for use in the chaotic environment of the World Wide Web and its successors.
  6. Oehlschläger, S.: Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme : Aus der 46. Sitzung am 21. und 22. April 2004 im Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg in Konstanz (2004) 0.03 
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    Content
    - Projekt Umstieg auf internationale Formate und Regelwerke (MARC21, AACR2) Das Projekt Umstieg auf internationale Formate und Regelwerke (MARC21, AACR2) stand zum Zeitpunkt der Sitzung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft kurz vor seinem Abschluss. Im Rahmen der Veranstaltung des Standardisierungsausschusses beim 2. Leipziger Kongress für Information und Bibliothek wurden die wesentlichen Projektergebnisse vorgestellt. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Informationen gehen die Mitglieder der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme davon aus, dass das finanzielle Argument bei der anstehenden Entscheidung nicht mehr im Vordergrund stehen kann. Auch wenn davon ausgegangen wird, dass eine klare Umstiegsentscheidung durch den Standardisierungsausschuss derzeit politisch nicht durchsetzbar sei, sehen die Mitglieder der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme die Entwicklung durch die Projektergebnisse positiv. Durch die Diskussion wurden Defizite des deutschen Regelwerks und der Verbundpraxis offen gelegt und verschiedene Neuerungen angestoßen. Zur Verbesserung des Datentausches untereinander sehen die Verbundzentralen unabhängig von einer Entscheidung des Standardisierungsausschusses die Notwendigkeit, ihre Datenbestände zu homogenisieren und Hierarchien abzubauen bzw. die Verknüpfungsstrukturen zu vereinfachen. Auch die Entwicklung der Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) muss in diese Überlegungen einbezogen werden. Die Formate müssen dahingehend entwickelt werden, dass alle relevanten Informationen im Titelsatz transportiert werden können. Es wird eine Konvergenz von Regelwerk und Format angestrebt.
    - Elektronischer DDC-Dienst Im Fall der deutschen Übersetzung der Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) wurde die Idee einer Normdatei DDC-Deutsch zugunsten eines zentralen elektronischen DDC-Dienstes bei Der Deutschen Bibliothek aufgegeben. Dieser Dienst hält die übersetzten Daten bereit und stellt sie in drei verschiedenen Ausprägungen zur Verfügung: 1. Zentrales Such- und Browsingtool für Benutzer 2. Klassifikationswerkzeug für Sacherschließer 3. SOAP-Schnittstelle für den elektronischen Datenaustausch. Um die DDC künftig gewinnbringend in der Benutzung einsetzen zu können, werden Konkordanzen zu anderen Klassifikationen, insbesondere aber zur weit verbreiteten Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK) benötigt. Mithilfe dieser Konkordanzen können Benutzer im OPAL Der Deutschen Bibliothek nach DDC-Notationen suchen und würden zusätzlich Ergebnisse aus den Verbünden angezeigt bekommen, die bislang nicht mit der DDC erschlossen sind. Der GBV plant eine Grunderschließung seiner Verbunddatenbank mit der DDC in 5 Ebenen. Ziel ist es, bis Ende 2005 alle Verbunddaten mit der DDC zu verbinden und damit ein bedeutendes Recherchetool zu erhalten.
  7. Ellero, N.P.: Panning for gold : utility of the World Wide Web for metadata and authority control in special collections (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This article describes the use of the World Wide Web as a valuable name authority resource and tool for special collections analytic-level cataloging and the specific goal of fully discovering the names of people who lived in the past as well as those from the present. Current tools and initiatives such as the Name Authority Component of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (NACO) and the Library of Congress Name Authority File have a specific mission and are partially helpful. Web resources encompassing special collections are often intricate and require global and enhanced resources to continue what have been the guiding principles, tradition, and value of cataloging: to discover works via many points of entry; to find works by or about the same person, topic, or title; and to continue the great cataloging legacies of standards and cooperation.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  8. Raghavan, K.S.; Neelameghan, A.: Composite multimedia works on CD : catalogue entry according to ISBD (ER) and AACR-2 Revision 1998 (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Gives operational definitions of work, associated work, composite work and other selected terms. Mentions the challenges posed by the abundant availability of digital resources in different media, forms and formats to catalogers in particular and information professionals in general. Discusses with examples the applicability and adequacy of the rules and prescriptions of ISBD(ER) and AACR2, 1998 rev. for cataloging multimedia resources on CD, in view of the fact that the record medium, the physical form and format affect the effectiveness of accessing, retrieval and use of a work.
    Content
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Works as entities for information retrieval"
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  9. Ahmed, S.S.: ¬A study of cataloging department Websites of the Arabian Gulf Libraries (2004/05) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Many libraries in the US provide information about their cataloging department homepages as segments of their technical services homepages. However, in case of the Arabian Gulf university libraries, all the library Websites focus on general collections and services available to their patrons and there is a lack of information on various departments within the library. Very few library Websites have information about the cataloging departments. Only the King Fand University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) library Website provides a separate Website for its Cataloging Operations Division. The study also found that the exploitation of Web-based cataloging resources by catalogers of the KFUPM library has resulted in enhancing the quality and efficiency of cataloging work.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Profiles in digital information"
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  10. Ellett, R.: ¬An evaluation of the effectiveness of OCLC Online Computer Library Center's Web-based module on cataloging Internet resources using the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules and MARC21 (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    In January 2001, the OCLC Institute released its first online learning course, Cataloging Internet Resources Using MARC21 and AACR2. This research investigated whether participants using this Web-based tool would gain experience equivalent to that of librarians who are already proficient in the skill of cataloging Internet resources. A pre-course/post-course comparison of test results of librarians not experienced with cataloging Internet resources indicated an increase of 35 percent (from 51 to 86 percent) of the correct answers after taking the Web-based course. The group experienced with cataloging Internet resources answered an average of 71 percent of the questions correctly.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Education for cataloging and the organization of information: pitfalls and the pendulum; Part II
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  11. IFLA Cataloguing Principles : steps towards an International Cataloguing Code. Report from the 1st Meeting of Experts on an International Cataloguing Code, Frankfurt 2003 (2004) 0.02 
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    BK
    06.04 / Ausbildung, Beruf, Organisationen <Information und Dokumentation>
    Classification
    06.04 / Ausbildung, Beruf, Organisationen <Information und Dokumentation>
    Footnote
    Rez. in: KO 31(2004) no.4, S.255-257: (P. Riva): "Cataloguing standardization at the international level can be viewed as proceeding in a series of milestone conferences. This meeting, the first in a series which will cover different regions of the world, will take its place in that progression. The first IFLA Meeting of Experts an an International Cataloguing Code (IME ICC), held July 28-30, 2003 at Die Deutsche Bibliothek in Frankfurt, gathered representatives of almost all European countries as well as three of the four AACR author countries. As explained in the introduction by Barbara Tillett, chair of the IME ICC planning committee, the plan is for five meetings in total. Subsequent meetings are to take place in Buenos Aires, Argentina (held August 17-18, 2004) for Latin America and the Carribean, to be followed by Alexandria, Egypt (2005) for the Middle East, Seoul, South Korea (2006) for Asia, and Durban, South Africa (2007) for Africa. The impetus for planning these meetings was triggered by the 40th anniversary of the Paris Principles, approved at the International Conference an Cataloguing Principles held in 1961. Many will welcome the timely publication of the reports and papers from this important conference in book form. The original conference website (details given an p. 176) which includes most of the same material, is still extant, but the reports and papers gathered into this volume will be referred to by cataloguing rule makers long after the web as we know it has transformed itself into a new (and quite possibly not backwards compatible) environment.
    The book is organized into four sections: introduction and results; presentation papers; background papers; and an appendix. The introduction by Barbara Tillett serves as a summary and report of the IME ICC meeting itself. The statement of the purpose of the meeting bears reporting in full (p. 6): "The goal for this meeting was to increase the ability to share cataloguing information worldwide by promoting standards for the content of bibliographic records and authority records used in library catalogues." The next item is a report summarizing the cataloguing Code comparisons prepared prior to the conference. As a mechanism for discussion, 18 codes were compared with the Paris Principles, the extent of compliance or divergence noted and discussed by representatives from the respective rule-making bodies. During the meeting the presentation of the comparisons took up half of the first day, but for the detailed responses one must return to the IME ICC website. The published summary is very dense, and difficult to follow if one is not very familiar with the Paris Principles or the codes being compared. The main outcome of the meeting follows, this is the Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (draft, as approved Dec. 19, 2003 by IME ICC participants), accompanied by a useful Glossary. The most important eontribution of this volume is to serve as the permanent and official record of the Statement as it stands after the first IME ICC meeting. Subsequent meetings will surely suggest modifications and enhancements, but this version of the Statement needs to be widely read and commented on. To this end the website also makes available translations of the Statement into 15 European languages, and the glossary into four languages. Compared to the Paris Principles, this statement covers some familiar ground in the choice of access points and forms of names, but its overall scope is broader, explicitly referring to the role of authority records, entities in bibliographic records and relationships. It concludes with an appendix of "Objectives for the construction of cataloguing codes."
    RSWK
    Alphabetische Katalogisierung / Standardisierung / Internationale Kooperation / Kongress / Frankfurt <Main, 2003>
    Subject
    Alphabetische Katalogisierung / Standardisierung / Internationale Kooperation / Kongress / Frankfurt <Main, 2003>
  12. Electronic cataloging : AACR2 and metadata for serials and monographs (2003) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Electronic Cataloging is the undertaking of three pioneers in library science: Sheila S. Intner, Sally C. Tseng, and Mary L. Larsgaard, who co-edited Maps and Related Cartographic Materials: Cataloging Classification, and Bibliographic Control (Haworth, 2000). With illustrations, references, additional reading lists, and case studies, this research tool offers you tips and strategies to make metadata work for you and your library. No one currently involved in information cataloging should be without this book! For a complete list of contents, visit our Web site at www.HaworthPress.com. Electronic Cataloging: AACR2 and Metadata for Serials and Monographs is a collection of papers about recent developments in metadata and its practical applications in cataloging. Acknowledged experts examine a wide variety of techniques for managing serials and monographs using standards and schemas like MARC, AACR2, ISSN, ISBD, and Dublin Core. From the broadest introduction of metadata usage to the revisions of AACR2 through 2000, this book offers vital analysis and strategy for achieving Universal Bibliographic Control. Electronic Cataloging is divided into three parts. The first is an introduction to metadata, what it is, and its relationship to the library in general. The second portion focuses in more an how metadata can be utilized by a library system and the possibilities in the near future. The third portion is very specific, dealing with individual standards of metadata and elements, such as AACR2 and MARC, as well as current policies and prospects for the future. Information covered in Electronic Cataloging includes: an overview of metadata and seriality and why it is important to the cataloging community Universal Bibliographic Control: what has succeeded so far in cataloging and how metadata will evolve the step-by-step process for creating an effective metadata repository for the community the inherent problems that accompany cataloging nonprint research materials, such as electronic serials and the Web metadata schemas and the use of controlled vocabularies and classification systems standards of metadata, including MARC, Dublin Core, RDF, and AACR2, with emphasis an the revisions and efforts made with AACR2 through 2000 an overview of the ISSN (International Serials Standard Number) and its relationships to current codes and metadata standards, including AACR2 and much more!
    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: Editors' Introduction (Sheila S. Intner, Sally C. Tseng, and Mary Lynette Larsgaard) PART 1. Cataloging in an Electronic Age (Michael Gorman) Why Metadata? Why Me? Why Now? (Brian E. C. Schottlaender) PART 2. Developing a Metadata Strategy (Grace Agnew) Practical Issues in Applying Metadata Schemas and Controlled Vocabularies to Cultural Heritage Information (Murtha Baca) Digital Resources and Metadata Application in the Shanghai Library (Yuanliang Ma and Wei Liu) Struggling Toward Retrieval: Alternatives to Standard Operating Procedures Can Help Librarians and the Public (Sheila S. Intner) PART 3. AACR2 and Other Metadata Standards: The Way Forward (Ann Huthwaite) AACR2 and Metadata: Library Opportunities in the Global Semantic Web (Barbara B. Tillett) Seriality: What Have We Accomplished? What's Next? (Jean Hirons) MARC and Mark-Up (Erik Jul) ISSN: Dumb Number, Smart Solution (Regina Romano Reynolds) Index Reference Notes Included
    Imprint
    Binghampton, NY : Haworth Information Press
  13. Copeland, A.: Works and digital resources in the catalog : electronic versions of Book of Urizen, The Kelmscott Chaucer and Robinson Crusoe (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Works as entities for information retrieval"
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  14. Bater, B.: Cataloguing electronic resources : wise up or dumb down? (2000) 0.02 
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    Source
    Managing information. 7(2000) no.4, S.36,38
  15. Henze, G.; Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung: Information zum Stellungnahmeverfahren Angleichung der Ansetzung von Personennamen (2004) 0.02 
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    Content
    Präzisierung des § RAK-NBM 109,3 Die Deutsche Bibliothek veröffentlicht auf ihrer Website als Ergebnis der Expertengruppe Online-Ressourcen eine Präzisierung des § RAK-NBM 109,3. <urn:nbn:de:1111-2004072117> http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:1111-2004072117 Ein Hinweis von HeBIS brachte zutage, dass die mit den RAK-NBM-Präzisierungen (Stand: Februar 2000) in § RAK-NBM 109,3 von der früheren Ad-hocArbeitsgruppe zur Erschließung elektronischer Ressourcen der Konferenz für Regelwerksfragen getroffene Festlegung von den Verbünden und Der Deutschen Bibliothek so nicht für fortlaufende Sammelwerke generell angewendet wird. Die Expertengruppe Online-Ressourcen hat sich seit ihrer ersten Sitzung im Juli 2003 mit der Frage befasst, ob für den Sonderfall, dass nur einzelne Teile einer Schriftenreihe als elektronische Ressource erscheinen, eine oder zwei Einheitsaufnahmen für eine Schriftenreihe angelegt werden sollen. Die Mitglieder der Expertengruppe Online-Ressourcen haben nach ausführlicher Beratung entsprechend der mehrheitlich geübten Verbundpraxis mehrheitlich eine Ergänzung des Regelwerkstextes beschlossen. Die Grundregeln der §§ RAK-NBM 2,3 und 109 sind nicht geändert worden. Für eine Schriftenreihe, die z. B. parallel als Print- und elektronische Ressource im Fernzugriff erscheint, werden zwei Einheitsaufnahmen angelegt. Der Standardisierungsausschuss hat im September 2004 in einem Umlaufverfahren einer Veröffentlichung und Inkraftsetzung des in der Expertengruppe Online-Ressourcen erzielten Ergebnisses zu § RAK-NBM 109,3 zugestimmt. Die Ergänzung ist im Regelwerkstext fett gekennzeichnet. Die entsprechende alte Seite der RAK-NBM-Präzisierungen ist durch die neue Seite zu ersetzen."
  16. Intner, S.S.; Lazinger, S.S.; Weihs, J.: Metadata and its impact on libraries (2005) 0.02 
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    Content
    What is metadata? - Metadata schemas & their relationships to particular communities - Library and information-related metadata schemas - Creating library metadata for monographic materials - Creating library metadata for continuing materials - Integrating library metadata into local cataloging and bibliographic - databases - Digital collections/digital libraries - Archiving & preserving digital materials - Impact of digital resources on library services - Future possibilities
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST. 58(2007) no.6., S.909-910 (A.D. Petrou): "A division in metadata definitions for physical objects vs. those for digital resources offered in Chapter 1 is punctuated by the use of broader, more inclusive metadata definitions, such as data about data as well as with the inclusion of more specific metadata definitions intended for networked resources. Intertwined with the book's subject matter, which is to "distinguish traditional cataloguing from metadata activity" (5), the authors' chosen metadata definition is also detailed on page 5 as follows: Thus while granting the validity of the inclusive definition, we concentrate primarily on metadata as it is most commonly thought of both inside and outside of the library community, as "structured information used to find, access, use and manage information resources primarily in a digital environment." (International Encyclopedia of Information and Library Science, 2003) Metadata principles discussed by the authors include modularity, extensibility, refinement and multilingualism. The latter set is followed by seven misconceptions about metadata. Two types of metadata discussed are automatically generated indexes and manually created records. In terms of categories of metadata, the authors present three sets of them as follows: descriptive, structural, and administrative metadata. Chapter 2 focuses on metadata for communities of practice, and is a prelude to content in Chapter 3 where metadata applications, use, and development are presented from the perspective of libraries. Chapter 2 discusses the emergence and impact of metadata on organization and access of online resources from the perspective of communities for which such standards exist and for the need for mapping one standard to another. Discussion focuses on metalanguages, such as Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and eXtensible Markup Language (XML), "capable of embedding descriptive elements within the document markup itself' (25). This discussion falls under syntactic interoperability. For semantic interoperability, HTML and other mark-up languages, such as Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) and Computer Interchange of Museum Information (CIMI), are covered. For structural interoperability, Dublin Core's 15 metadata elements are grouped into three areas: content (title, subject, description, type, source, relation, and coverage), intellectual property (creator, publisher, contributor and rights), and instantiation (date, format, identifier, and language) for discussion.
    Other selected specialized metadata element sets or schemas, such as Government Information Locator Service (GILS), are presented. Attention is brought to the different sets of elements and the need for linking up these elements across metadata schemes from a semantic point of view. It is no surprise, then, that after the presentation of additional specialized sets of metadata from the educational community and the arts sector, attention is turned to the discussion of Crosswalks between metadata element sets or the mapping of one metadata standard to another. Finally, the five appendices detailing elements found in Dublin Core, GILS, ARIADNE versions 3 and 3. 1, and Categories for the Description of Works of Art are an excellent addition to this chapter's focus on metadata and communities of practice. Chapters 3-6 provide an up-to-date account of the use of metadata standards in Libraries from the point of view of a community of practice. Some of the content standards included in these four chapters are AACR2, Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), and Library of Congress Subject Classification. In addition, uses of MARC along with planned implementations of the archival community's encoding scheme, EAD, are covered in detail. In a way, content in these chapters can be considered as a refresher course on the history, current state, importance, and usefulness of the above-mentioned standards in Libraries. Application of the standards is offered for various types of materials, such as monographic materials, continuing resources, and integrating library metadata into local catalogs and databases. A review of current digital library projects takes place in Chapter 7. While details about these projects tend to become out of date fast, the sections on issues and problems encountered in digital projects and successes and failures deserve any reader's close inspection. A suggested model is important enough to merit a specific mention below, in a short list format, as it encapsulates lessons learned from issues, problems, successes, and failures in digital projects. Before detailing the model, however, the various projects included in Chapter 7 should be mentioned. The projects are: Colorado Digitization Project, Cooperative Online Resource Catalog (an Office of Research project by OCLC, Inc.), California Digital Library, JSTOR, LC's National Digital Library Program and VARIATIONS.
    Chapter 8 discusses issues of archiving and preserving digital materials. The chapter reiterates, "What is the point of all of this if the resources identified and catalogued are not preserved?" (Gorman, 2003, p. 16). Discussion about preservation and related issues is organized in five sections that successively ask why, what, who, how, and how much of the plethora of digital materials should be archived and preserved. These are not easy questions because of media instability and technological obsolescence. Stakeholders in communities with diverse interests compete in terms of which community or representative of a community has an authoritative say in what and how much get archived and preserved. In discussing the above-mentioned questions, the authors once again provide valuable information and lessons from a number of initiatives in Europe, Australia, and from other global initiatives. The Draft Charter on the Preservation of the Digital Heritage and the Guidelines for the Preservation of Digital Heritage, both published by UNESCO, are discussed and some of the preservation principles from the Guidelines are listed. The existing diversity in administrative arrangements for these new projects and resources notwithstanding, the impact on content produced for online reserves through work done in digital projects and from the use of metadata and the impact on levels of reference services and the ensuing need for different models to train users and staff is undeniable. In terms of education and training, formal coursework, continuing education, and informal and on-the-job training are just some of the available options. The intensity in resources required for cataloguing digital materials, the questions over the quality of digital resources, and the threat of the new digital environment to the survival of the traditional library are all issues quoted by critics and others, however, who are concerned about a balance for planning and resources allocated for traditional or print-based resources and newer digital resources. A number of questions are asked as part of the book's conclusions in Chapter 10. Of these questions, one that touches on all of the rest and upon much of the book's content is the question: What does the future hold for metadata in libraries? Metadata standards are alive and well in many communities of practice, as Chapters 2-6 have demonstrated. The usefulness of metadata continues to be high and innovation in various elements should keep information professionals engaged for decades to come. There is no doubt that metadata have had a tremendous impact in how we organize information for access and in terms of who, how, when, and where contact is made with library services and collections online. Planning and commitment to a diversity of metadata to serve the plethora of needs in communities of practice are paramount for the continued success of many digital projects and for online preservation of our digital heritage."
    LCSH
    Information organization
    Cataloging of electronic information resources
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Electronic information resources / Management
    RSWK
    Bibliothek / Elektronische Publikation / Metadaten
    Series
    Library and information science text series
    Subject
    Bibliothek / Elektronische Publikation / Metadaten
    Information organization
    Cataloging of electronic information resources
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Electronic information resources / Management
  17. Dorner, D.: Cataloging in the 21st century : pt.2: digitization and information standards (2000) 0.01 
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    Form
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  18. E-Serials cataloging : access to continuing and integrating resources via the catalog and the Web (2002) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This unique collection examines the state of electronic serials cataloging with an emphasis an online accessibility. It presents a review of e-serials cataloging in the 1990s and discusses standards (ISSN, ISBD[ER], AACR2) that are applicable in current electronic library science. E-Serials Cataloging: Access to Continuing and Integrating Resources via the Catalog and the Web is a comprehensive reference for practicing librarians, catalogers, and administrators of technical services, cataloging and Service departments, and Web managers.
    Form
    Elektronische Dokumente
  19. Oehlschläger, S.: Aus der 48. Sitzung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme am 12. und 13. November 2004 in Göttingen (2005) 0.01 
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    Content
    Enthält u.a. folgende Aussagen aus einzelnen Bibliotheken oder Verbünden: MARC21 als Austauschformat Die Expertengruppe Datenformate des Standardisierungsausschusses hat am 11. April 2005 getagt, dabei wurden die Arbeitspakete aus einem von der Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung Der Deutschen Bibliothek vorgelegten Projektund Zeitplan in überschaubare Einheiten aufgegliedert. Ziel ist es, das bestehende MARC21 weitgehend zu übernehmen. Sollten nationale Abweichungen von MARC21 dennoch notwendig sein, so müssen diese einheitlich für alle Verbünde gelten. Bibliotheksservicezentrum Baden-Württemberg (BSZ) SWBPIus "Catalogue enrichment", die Anreicherung von Katalogdaten durch ergänzende Materialien, wie z. B. Rezensionen und Inhaltsverzeichnisse, wird als eine der wichtigsten Möglichkeiten diskutiert, die Nutzung von OPACs zu erleichtern und zu verbessern. Ganz im Trend liegt daher die Anwendung SWBplus, in der das BSZ weiterführende Texte zu Titeln in Verbund- und lokalen OPACs auflegt. Nach ca. 2.500 Dokumenten im Jahr 2003 ist der Bestand mittlerweile bei 12.300 angelangt. Mit 6.900 haben dabei die Inhaltsverzeichnisse die Rezensionen anteilsmäßig überholt. Erreicht wurde dies durch die Mitarbeit der Universitätsbibliotheken Konstanz und Heidelberg, die Inhaltsverzeichnisse scannen und an das BSZ liefern. In diese Kooperation werden nun auch die Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, die Bibliotheken der PH Ludwigsburg und PH Freiburg sowie die Bibliothek des Bundesgerichtshofs in Karlsruhe eintreten. Vorbereitet wird zudem die Zusammenarbeit mit dem Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, so dass Inhaltsverzeichnisse auch aus Bayern in die Datenbank eingebracht und gemeinsam genutzt werden können. Fehlertolerante Suche in OPACs Gemeinsam mit der Bibliothek der Fachhochschule Konstanz und der Firma exorbyte führt das BSZ derzeit einen Test durch, in dem OPAC-Nutzer bei Unsicherheiten hinsichtlich der Schreibweise von Suchbegriffen unterstützt werden. Dazu wurde dem Horizon-WebPac der FH Konstanz die RechercheSoftware Matchmaker vorgeschaltet, die dem Nutzer neben exakten auch näherungsweise Treffer sowie Alternativen zu den Suchbegriffen anbietet. Sucht man dort nun z. B. nach "Pronnstein", so findet man dennoch unter den ersten Treffern die bekannte mathematische Formelsammlung von Ilja Bronstejn. In einer Befragung, die den Test begleitet, fanden ca. 70% der Nutzer den Einsatz dieser Technologie hilfreich und gaben an, auch die Alternativvorschläge zu nutzen. Weitere Informationen stehen unter der Adresse http://cms.bsz-bw.de/cms/entwicki/ftolsuche/ zur Verfügung. Interessenten an einem Einsatz der Software melden sich bitte beim BSZ, das die Einführung koordiniert.
    Die Deutsche Bibliothek Retrieval von Content In dem Projekt wird angestrebt, Verfahren zu entwickeln und einzuführen, die automatisch und ohne intellektuelle Bearbeitung für das Content-Retrieval ausreichend Sucheinstiege bieten. Dabei kann es sich um die Suche nach Inhalten von Volltexten, digitalen Abbildern, Audiofiles, Videofiles etc. von in Der Deutschen Bibliothek archivierten digitalen Ressourcen oder digitalen Surrogaten archivierter analoger Ressourcen (z. B. OCR-Ergebnisse) handeln. Inhalte, die in elektronischer Form vorhanden sind, aber dem InternetBenutzer Der Deutschen Bibliothek bisher nicht oder nur eingeschränkt zur Verfügung stehen, sollen in möglichst großem Umfang und mit möglichst großem Komfort nutzbar gemacht werden. Darüber hinaus sollen Inhalte benutzt werden, die für ein in ILTIS katalogisiertes Objekt beschreibenden Charakter haben, um auf das beschriebene Objekt zu verweisen. Die höchste Priorität liegt dabei auf der Erschließung von Inhalten in Textformaten. In einem ersten Schritt wurde der Volltext aller Zeitschriften, die im Projekt "Exilpresse digital" digitalisiert wurden, für eine erweiterte Suche genutzt. In einem nächsten Schritt soll die PSI-Software für die Volltextindexierung von Abstracts evaluiert werden. MILOS Mit dem Einsatz von MILOS eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit, nicht oder wenig sachlich erschlossene Bestände automatisch mit ergänzenden Inhaltserschließungsinformationen zu versehen, der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Freitext-Indexierung. Das bereits in einigen Bibliotheken eingesetzte System, das inzwischen von Der Deutschen Bibliothek für Deutschland lizenziert wurde, wurde in eine UNIX-Version überführt und angepasst. Inzwischen wurde nahezu der gesamte Bestand rückwirkend behandelt, die Daten werden im Gesamt-OPAC für die Recherche zur Verfügung stehen. Die in einer XMLStruktur abgelegten Indexeinträge werden dabei vollständig indexiert und zugänglich gemacht. Ein weiterer Entwicklungsschritt wird in dem Einsatz von MILOS im Online-Verfahren liegen.
    Hessisches BibliotheksinformationsSystem (HEBIS) Personennamendatei (PND) Vor dem Hintergrund der Harmonisierungsbestrebungen bei den Normdateien hat der HeBIS-Verbundrat nach erneuter Diskussion mehrheitlich entschieden, künftig neben SWD und GKD auch die PND als in HeBIS integrierte Normdatei obligatorisch zu nutzen. Im Zuge der wachsenden Vernetzung der regionalen Verbundsysteme kommt der Homogenität der Datensätze eine zunehmend wichtigere Bedeutung zu. Konkret wird dies speziell für HeBIS mit dem Produktionsbeginn des HeBIS-Portals und der integrierten verbundübergreifenden Fernleihe. Nur wenn die Verfasserrecherche in den einzelnen Verbunddatenbanken auf weitgehend einheitliche Datensätze einschließlich Verweisungsformen trifft, kann der Benutzer gute Trefferergebnisse erwarten und damit seine Chancen erhöhen, die gewünschte Literatur über Fernleihe bestellen zu können. Das Gesamtkonzept ist ausgelegt auf eine pragmatische und aufwandsreduzierte Vorgehensweise. Mit der Umsetzung wurde begonnen. Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (HBZ) FAST-Suchmaschine Das HBZ hat die Suchmaschinentechnologie des norwegischen Herstellers FAST lizenziert. Ziel ist es, die Produkte des HBZ mit Hilfe innovativer Suchmaschinentechnologien in einer neuen Ausrichtung zu präsentieren. Die Präsentation soll einen schnellen Recherche-Zugang zu den NRWVerbunddaten mittels FAST-Suchmaschinentechnologie mit folgenden Eigenschaften beinhalten: - Eine Web-Oberfläche, um für Laien eine schnelle Literatursuche anbieten zu können. - Eine Web-Oberfläche, um für Expertinnen und Experten eine schnelle Literatur-Suche anbieten zu können. - Präsentation von Zusatzfunktionen, die in gängigen Bibliothekskatalogen so nicht vorhanden sind. - Schaffung einer Zugriffsmöglichkeit für den KVK auf die Verbunddaten mit sehr kurzen Antwortzeiten Digitale Bibliothek Die Mehrzahl der Bibliotheken ist inzwischen auf Release 5 umgezogen. Einige befinden sich noch im Bearbeitungsstatus. Von den letzten drei Bibliotheken liegen inzwischen die Umzugsanträge vor. Durch die Umstrukturierung der RLB Koblenz zum LBZ Rheinland-Pfalz werden die Einzelsichten der RLB Koblenz, PLB Speyer und der Bipontina in Zweibrücken mit den Büchereistellen Koblenz und Neustadt zu einer Sicht verschmolzen.
  20. Oehlschläger, S.; Altenhöner, R.; Gömpel, R.; Hengel, C.; Jahns, Y.; Junger, U.; Mahnke, C.; Werner, C.: Weltkongress Bibliothek und Information, 72. IFLA-Generalkonferenz in Seoul, Korea : Aus den Veranstaltungen der Division IV Bibliographic Control, der Core Activities ICABS und UNIMARC sowie der Information Technology Section (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    "Libraries - Dynamic Engines for the Knowledge and Information Society" war das Motto des Weltkongresses Bibliothek und Information, der 72. IFLA-Generalkonferenz, die vom 20. bis 24. August 2006 in Seoul, Korea, stattgefunden hat. Rund 4000 Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare aus allen Teilen der Welt kamen in diesem Jahr in Fernost zusammen, um sich über die jüngsten Entwicklungen in ihrem Fach zu informieren und Erfahrungen mit anderen auszutauschen. Dazu boten insgesamt 160 Veranstaltungen und etliche Arbeitsgruppen-Sitzungen am Rande der Tagung ausreichend Gelegenheit.
    Content
    Enthält Berichte zu: - Bibliography Section (Sektion Bibliografie) - Claudia Werner Die Sektion befasst sich mit Inhalt, Aufbau, Produktion, Verteilung und Erhaltung von bibliografischen Informationen, in erster Linie, aber nicht ausschließlich bezogen auf Nationalbibliografien. Sie fördert die "Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC)" durch die Verbreitung von Standards und Best-Practice-Beispielen. Wie in den vergangenen Jahren konzentrierte sich das Programm der Sektion auf die Region, in der der iFLA-Kongress stattfand. Es stand unter dem Titel "National Bibliographies - the Asian Experience" mit Beiträgen aus Korea und China sowie über die asiatischen Staaten der früheren Sowjetunion. (S-1128-1130) - Cataloguing Section (Sektion Katalogisierung) - Renate Gömpel; Ulrike Junger Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit dieser Sektion liegt auf der Erarbeitung bzw. internationalen Harmonisierung von Strukturen, Regeln und Arbeitsverfahren mit dem Ziel, die internationale Kooperation im Katalogisierungsbereich zu verbessern. Die beiden Arbeitssitzungen des Ständigen Ausschusses der Sektion Katalogisierung dienen neben der Abwicklung von Routinegeschäften der Entgegennahme bzw. Verabschiedung von Berichten der einzelnen Arbeitsgruppen, der Vorbereitung der Veranstaltungen sowie der Fortschreibung des Strategieplans' der Sektion. Die neuen internationalen Katalogisierungsprinzipien sollen die bisherigen Paris Principles aus dem Jahr 1961 ablösen. Sie sollen in gleicher Weise für die Formalund Sacherschließung gelten und nicht nur für den einzelnen Katalog bestimmt sein, sondern auch für Daten in (globalen) Netzen zutreffen. Sie sehen die Verwendung von Normdaten vor und beruhen auf den IFLA-Modellen "Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records" (FRBR) und "Functional Requirements for Authority Records" (FRAR) und demnächst den "Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records (FRSAR)" (s.a. Classification und Indexing Section), die die gemeinsame Nutzung von Daten unterstützen. Als zweites wichtiges Ergebnis ihrer Arbeit wird die Arbeitsgruppe einen Bericht zur Machbarkeit einer internationalen Standardnummer für Normdaten vorlegen, in dem Erfahrungen aus anderen Standardnummernprojekten analysiert werden und abschließend empfohlen wird, die Konzeption einer einheitlichen Normdatennummer nicht weiter zu unterstützen und anstatt dessen die Aktivitäten beim Aufbau eines Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) zu intensivieren. Die Working Group on Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records (FRANAR) wurde im April 1999 durch die IFLA Division of Bibliographic Control und das damalige IFLA Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC Programme (UBCIM) ins Leben gerufen. Ihre Aufgabe ist es, die funktionellen Anforderungen an Normdatensätze zu definieren und die Machbarkeit einer internationalen Standard-Normdatennummer (International Standard Authority Data Number (ISADN)) zu untersuchen. (S.1130-1134)
    - Classification and Indexing Section (Sektion Klassifikation und Indexierung) - Yvonne Jahns Die Sektion versteht sich als Forum für den internationalen Austausch über Methoden der Sacherschließung und die Bedeutsamkeit des inhaltlichen Zugangs zu Dokumenten und Wissen. Neben der Förderung von Standards und einheitlichen Erschließungsregeln geht es auch um die Interoperabilität der verwendeten Informationssysteme. Diesen Zielen sind derzeit zwei Arbeitsgruppen verpflichtet: Thema des Sektionsprogramms in Seoul war die Interoperabilität von Inhaltserschließung in mehrsprachigen Umgebungen bzw. bei verschiedenen Schriftsystemen. In unserer heutigen vernetzten Informationswelt ist das Überschreiten sprachlicher und kultureller Grenzen leicht. Die Ergebnisse von systemübergreifenden Recherchen können jedoch unbefriedigend sein, weil die semantische Interoperabilität zu wenig beachtet wird. Herausragend war in diesem Zusammenhang der Vortrag von Prof. Gertrude Soonja Lee Koh, Dominican University, River Forest (USA). Sie demonstrierte die Schwierigkeiten beim Transfer von Wortbedeutungen am Beispiel der Übersetzung englischer Schlagwörter ins Koreanische. Ihre Forschungen haben ergeben, dass Schlagwörter gut in andere Sprachen übersetzt werden können bzw. verschiedensprachige Thesauri gut miteinander verlinkt werden können, solange Sinn und Bedeutung der Wörter in Ausgangs- und Zielsprache umfassend berücksichtigt sind. Die zusätzliche Anbindung der multilingualen Schlagwort-Paare an eine Klassifikation wie die DDC empfiehlt sich dabei zur Disambiguierung, da Notationen die kontextuelle Bedeutung von Schlagwörtern wesentlich schärfer transportieren als jeder weitere sprachliche Zusatz. Diesem Thema widmete sich auch das diesjährige DDC-Anwendertreffen. Dabei wurden interessante Ansätze der Verknüpfung von DDC-Notationen und Schlagwörtern aus dem italienischen Soggettario, der deutschen Schlagwortnormdatei und den Library of Congress Subject Headings vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus wurde über die neuesten DDC-Übersetzungen informiert. Hingewiesen sei hier auf die gerade erschienene vietnamesiche Kurzausgabe der DDC14. Die Sektion Klassifikation und Indexierung plant für den nächsten Weltkongress in Durban eine Vortragsreihe unter dem Motto "Bibliotheken und Benutzer - Partnerschaften für den sachlichen Zugang zu Information". Dabei sollen praktische Beispiele etwa aus den Themenbereichen Indexierer-vs. Benutzervokabular, Tagging und Folksonomien oder Benutzeranleitungen zur sachlichen Suche präsentiert werden. (S.1134-1136)
    Information Technology Section (Sektion Informationstechnologie) - Reinhard Altenhöner Die Information Technology Section ist eine der größten IFLA-Sektionen und fokussiert als Querschnittssektion besonders innovative Entwicklungen und sich abzeichnende Trends in ihrer Auswirkung auf die verschiedenen Arbeitsfelder der Bibliotheken. Daher gehört die Durchführung entsprechender Informationsund Diskussionsveranstaltungen zu den Aufgabenschwerpunkten der Sektion, bevorzugt in Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Sektionen, um auf diese Weise den Anwendungsaspekt besonders im Blick zu behalten. Ein weiteres Kennzeichen der Sektionsarbeit ist - neben der aktiven Unterstützung von internationalen Standardisierungs- und Normungsanstrengungen - die Weiterverbreitung von spezifischem Wissen und die Unterstützung von Aktivitäten insbesondere in noch nicht entwickelten Ländern mit Schwächen in der (technischen) Informationsversorgungsinfrastruktur. (S.1138-1142)

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