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  • × theme_ss:"Semantic Web"
  1. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.34 
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    Abstract
    By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  2. Weller, K.: Knowledge representation in the Social Semantic Web (2010) 0.10 
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    Abstract
    The main purpose of this book is to sum up the vital and highly topical research issue of knowledge representation on the Web and to discuss novel solutions by combining benefits of folksonomies and Web 2.0 approaches with ontologies and semantic technologies. This book contains an overview of knowledge representation approaches in past, present and future, introduction to ontologies, Web indexing and in first case the novel approaches of developing ontologies. This title combines aspects of knowledge representation for both the Semantic Web (ontologies) and the Web 2.0 (folksonomies). Currently there is no monographic book which provides a combined overview over these topics. focus on the topic of using knowledge representation methods for document indexing purposes. For this purpose, considerations from classical librarian interests in knowledge representation (thesauri, classification schemes etc.) are included, which are not part of most other books which have a stronger background in computer science.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: iwp 62(2011) H.4, S.205-206 (C. Carstens): "Welche Arten der Wissensrepräsentation existieren im Web, wie ausgeprägt sind semantische Strukturen in diesem Kontext, und wie können soziale Aktivitäten im Sinne des Web 2.0 zur Strukturierung von Wissen im Web beitragen? Diesen Fragen widmet sich Wellers Buch mit dem Titel Knowledge Representation in the Social Semantic Web. Der Begriff Social Semantic Web spielt einerseits auf die semantische Strukturierung von Daten im Sinne des Semantic Web an und deutet andererseits auf die zunehmend kollaborative Inhaltserstellung im Social Web hin. Weller greift die Entwicklungen in diesen beiden Bereichen auf und beleuchtet die Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen, die aus der Kombination der Aktivitäten im Semantic Web und im Social Web entstehen. Der Fokus des Buches liegt dabei primär auf den konzeptuellen Herausforderungen, die sich in diesem Kontext ergeben. So strebt die originäre Vision des Semantic Web die Annotation aller Webinhalte mit ausdrucksstarken, hochformalisierten Ontologien an. Im Social Web hingegen werden große Mengen an Daten von Nutzern erstellt, die häufig mithilfe von unkontrollierten Tags in Folksonomies annotiert werden. Weller sieht in derartigen kollaborativ erstellten Inhalten und Annotationen großes Potenzial für die semantische Indexierung, eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Retrieval im Web. Das Hauptinteresse des Buches besteht daher darin, eine Brücke zwischen den Wissensrepräsentations-Methoden im Social Web und im Semantic Web zu schlagen. Um dieser Fragestellung nachzugehen, gliedert sich das Buch in drei Teile. . . .
    Insgesamt besticht das Buch insbesondere durch seine breite Sichtweise, die Aktualität und die Fülle an Referenzen. Es ist somit sowohl als Überblickswerk geeignet, das umfassend über aktuelle Entwicklungen und Trends der Wissensrepräsentation im Semantic und Social Web informiert, als auch als Lektüre für Experten, für die es vor allem als kontextualisierte und sehr aktuelle Sammlung von Referenzen eine wertvolle Ressource darstellt." Weitere Rez. in: Journal of Documentation. 67(2011), no.5, S.896-899 (P. Rafferty)
    LCSH
    Semantic Web
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
    Object
    Web 2.0
    RSWK
    Semantic Web
    World Wide Web 2.0
    Series
    Knowledge and information; vol.3
    Subject
    Semantic Web
    World Wide Web 2.0
    Semantic Web
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  3. Voss, J.: LibraryThing : Web 2.0 für Literaturfreunde und Bibliotheken (2007) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    LibraryThing ist eine zur Klasse der Sozialen Software gehörende Webanwendung, in der Benutzer gemeinsam Bücher verwalten und miteinander in Kontakt treten können. Die Webseite wurde Ende August 2005 veröffentlicht und verzeichnet inzwischen (Juli 2007) über 235.000 Benutzer und 16 Millionen verschiedene Bücher. Jeder Nutzer verfügt über eine eigene Sammlung, die in LibraryThing als "Bibliotheken" oder "Katalog" bezeichnet wird. Die Katalogisierung geschieht in eine gemeinsame Datenbank, die von allen Nutzern direkt bearbeitet werden kann. Da es sich um eine reine Webanwendung handelt, muss zur Nutzung keine weitere Software installiert werden. Die Nutzung ist für bis zu 200 Medien kostenlos, eine jährliche Mitgliedschaft kostet 10 $ und eine lebenslange Mitgliedschaft 25 $. Bibliotheken und andere nichtkommerzielle Einrichtungen zahlen 15 $ pro Jahr. Dieses Preismodell hat sich auch nicht geändert, nachdem 40% des Unternehmens im Mai 2006 vom Gebrauchtbuchhändler AbeBooks übernommen wurden. Die Mehrheit hält weiterhin der Gründer Tim Spalding, der die ursprünglich als privates Projekt begonnene Seite mit inzwischen zwei weiteren Entwicklern und einer Bibliothekarin kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt.
    Content
    "Vom Nutzer zur Community Wie bei anderen Formen Sozialer Software beruht die Popularität von LibraryThing zu einem großen Teil auf den Interaktionsmöglichkeiten, durch die Nutzer miteinander in Kontakt treten und zusammenarbeiten. Neben einem allgemeinen Forum und Diskussionen zu konkreten Büchern, können sich Nutzer zu Gruppen zusammenschließen, beispielsweise die Comic-Liebhaber in der Gruppe Comics' und die deutschsprachigen LibraryThing-Nutzer in der Gruppe German Library Thingers. Per RSS können Nachrichten zu neuen Teilnehmern, Gruppen und Büchern aus Sammlungen von Gruppenmitgliedern abonniert werden. Jeder Benutzer verfügt über eine Profilseite, auf der er sich anderen Nutzern vorstellen kann und wo diese ihm Nachrichten hinterlassen können. Zu den Einträgen einzelner Nutzer, Werke, Bücher und Autoren wird jeweils angezeigt, welche Nutzer über die gleichen Bücher in ihrer Sammlung verfügen - so bringt LibraryThing Menschen zusammen, die sich für die gleichen Bücher interessieren. Jeder Nutzer kann zudem Bücher auf einer Skala von null bis fünf Sternen bewerten und Rezensionen einstellen. Erschließung leichtgemacht Nutzer können in LibraryThing bereits vorhandene Bücher mit einem Klick in ihre eigene Sammlung aufnehmen oder wieder entfernen. Das so kopierte Katalogisat können sie dann beliebig bearbeiten. Die Bearbeitung erfolgt nach dem Wiki-Prinzip direkt im Webbrowser. Bei der Anzeige einzelner Bücher und Werke werden die verschiedenen Metadaten dann zusammengefasst angezeigt. Andere Inhalte, wie die Autorenseiten (vergleichbar mit Personen-Normdatensätzen), können von allen Nutzern verändert werden. Eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Erschließung spielen freie Schlagwörter (Tags), aber auch DDC-Nummern lassen sich eintragen und werden beim Import aus Bibliothekskatalogen übernommen. Mit knapp 15 Feldern (Tags, Rezension, Bewertung, Titel, Autor, Weitere Autoren, Datum, ISBN, LoC-Signatur, DDC-Nummern, bibliographische Daten, Zusammenfassung, Kommentar und bis zu drei Sprachen) ist die Erschließung noch überschaubar und wird vor allem den Bedürfnissen der Nutzer gerecht.
    Zusammenarbeit mit Bibliotheken Bereits früh setzte sich Tim Spalding für eine Zusammenarbeit mit Bibliotheken ein. Zum Eintragen von neuen Büchern in LibraryThing können zahlreiche Bibliothekskataloge ausgewählt werden, die via Z39.50 eingebunden werden - seit Oktober 2006 ist auch der GBV dabei. Im April 2007 veröffentlichte Tim Spalding mit LibraryThing for Libraries ein Reihe von Webservices, die Bibliotheken in ihre OPACs einbinden können.4 Ein Webservice ist eine Funktion, die von anderen Programmen über das Web aufgerufen werden kann und Daten zurückliefert. Bereits seit Juni 2006 können über verschiedene offene LibraryThing-Webservices unter Anderem zu einer gegebenen ISBN die Sprache und eine Liste von ISBNs anderer Auflagen und Übersetzungen ermittelt werden, die zum gleichen Werk gehören (thinglSBN). Damit setzt LibraryThing praktisch einen Teil der Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) um, die in bibliothekswissenschaftlichen Fachkreisen bereits seit Anfang der 1990er diskutiert werden, aber bislang nicht so Recht ihre Umsetzung in Katalogen gefunden haben. Die Information darüber, welche Bücher zum gleichen Werk gehören, wird von der LibraryThing-Community bereitgestellt; jeder Benutzer kann einzelne Ausgaben mit einem Klick zusammenführen oder wieder trennen. Vergleiche mit dem ähnlichen Dienst xISBN von OCLC zeigen, dass sich thinglSBN und xISBN gut ergänzen, allerdings bietet LibraryThing seinen Webservice im Gegensatz zu OCLC kostenlos an. Neben Empfehlungen von verwandten Büchern ist es im Rahmen von LibraryThing for Libraries auch möglich, die von den Nutzern vergebenen Tags in den eigenen Katalog einzubinden. Ein Nachteil dabei ist allerdings die bisherige Übermacht der englischen Sprache und dass nur selbständige Titel mit ISBN berücksichtigt werden. Die VZG prüft derzeit, in welcher Form LibraryThing for Libraries am besten in GBV-Bibliotheken umgesetzt werden kann. Es spricht allerdings für jede einzelne Bibliothek nichts dagegen, schon jetzt damit zu experimentieren, wie der eigene OPAC mit zusätzlichen Links und Tags von LibraryThing aussehen könnte. Darüber hinaus können sich auch Bibliotheken mit einem eigenen Zugang als Nutzer in LibraryThing beteiligen. So stellt beispielsweise die Stadtbücherei Nordenham bereits seit Ende 2005 ihre Neuzugänge im Erwachsenenbestand in einer Sammlung bei LibraryThing ein.
    Beispiel für die Anwendung von LibraryThing for Libraries im Katalog des Waterford Institute of Technology (): Zu einer ISBN werden auf Basis der in LibraryThing gesammelten Daten andere Auflagen und Übersetzungen, ähnliche Bücher und Tags eingeblendet. Soziale Software lebt vom Mitmachen Vieles spricht dafür, dass LibraryThing auf dem besten Weg ist, sich zu einem der wichtigsten Web 2.0-Dienste für die Zusammenarbeit mit Bibliotheken zu entwickeln. Wie schon bei Wikipedia gibt es allerdings noch viel zu oft Berührungsängste und die Vorstellung, dass sich diese Dienste erst durch Hilfe von Außen in der eigenen Einrichtung einführen ließen. Soziale Software lebt jedoch von der Zusammenarbeit und dem freien Austausch von Gedanken und Informationen. Deshalb hilft nur eins: Ausprobieren und Mitmachen. Ebenso wie Wikipedia schwer zu beurteilen ist, ohne selbst mit anderen Wikipedianern einen Artikel erstellt und diskutiert zu haben, erschließt sich LibraryThing erst vollständig durch eine eigene dort angelegte Büchersammlung. Zum Kennenlernen reicht der kostenlose Zugang und mit 15 $ Jahresgebühr können auch Bibliotheken problemlos bis zu 5.000 Medieneinheiten pro Sammlung einstellen. Wenn Sie erstmal mehr mit Library-Thing vertraut sind, werden Ihnen sicherlich weitere Einsatzmöglichkeiten für Ihre Einrichtung und deren Nutzer einfallen. LibraryThing entwickelt sich beständig weiter und dürfte noch für einige Überraschungen gut sein.
    Date
    22. 9.2007 10:36:23
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  4. Blumauer, A.; Pellegrini, T.: Semantic Web Revisited : Eine kurze Einführung in das Social Semantic Web (2009) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Während in den vergangenen Monaten Themen wie Web 2.0 und Social Software ein erstaunliches Konjunkturhoch erlebt haben, vollzieht sich weitgehend abseits der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung eine technologische Komplementärinnovation. Die wachsende Adaption semantischer Technologien zu Zwecken der strukturierten Erschließung von "Web 2.0 Content", aber auch der Einsatz von Social Software zur kollaborativen Anreicherung von Web Content mit maschinenlesbaren Metadaten sind Ausdruck eines Trends in Richtung "Social Semantic Web". Bezeichnendes Merkmal dieser Entwicklung ist die voranschreitende Konvergenz zwischen Social Software und Semantic Web Technologien. Dieser Beitrag hat das Ziel ein allgemeines Bewusstsein und Verständnis dieser Entwicklung zu schaffen und nähert sich dem Phänomen aus einer nichttechnischen Perspektive.
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Pages
    S.3-22
    Source
    Social Semantic Web: Web 2.0, was nun? Hrsg.: A. Blumauer u. T. Pellegrini
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  5. Bettel, S.: Warum Web 2.0? Oder : Was vom Web 2.0 wirklich bleiben wird (2009) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Entwicklungsgeschichte und den Facettenreichtum eines Begriffes, der gleichsam für technologische Innovation, soziale Modernisierung und eine schlaue Marketingstrategie steht. Es zeigt sich, dass die Verortung des Phänomens Web 2.0, gerade aufgrund der Polemik und Polarisierung, die der Begriff hervorgerufen hat, schwieriger ist, als man vermuten mag. Doch eines ist gewiss: Seit das Web 2.0 in unser Bewusstsein gelangt ist, ist das Internet wieder "in".
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Source
    Social Semantic Web: Web 2.0, was nun? Hrsg.: A. Blumauer u. T. Pellegrini
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  6. Weibel, S.L.: Social Bibliography : a personal perspective on libraries and the Semantic Web (2006) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    This paper presents a personal perspective on libraries and the Semantic Web. The paper discusses computing power, increased availability of processable text, social software developments and the ideas underlying Web 2.0 and the impact of these developments in the context of libraries and information. The article concludes with a discussion of social bibliography and the declining hegemony of catalog records, and emphasizes the strengths of librarianship and the profession's ability to contribute to Semantic Web development.
    Footnote
    Simultaneously published as Knitting the Semantic Web
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  7. ¬The Semantic Web - ISWC 2010 : 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, Shanghai, China, November 7-11, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Part 2. (2010) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    The two-volume set LNCS 6496 and 6497 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, held in Shanghai, China, during November 7-11, 2010. Part I contains 51 papers out of 578 submissions to the research track. Part II contains 18 papers out of 66 submissions to the semantic Web in-use track, 6 papers out of 26 submissions to the doctoral consortium track, and also 4 invited talks. Each submitted paper were carefully reviewed. The International Semantic Web Conferences (ISWC) constitute the major international venue where the latest research results and technical innovations on all aspects of the Semantic Web are presented. ISWC brings together researchers, practitioners, and users from the areas of artificial intelligence, databases, social networks, distributed computing, Web engineering, information systems, natural language processing, soft computing, and human computer interaction to discuss the major challenges and proposed solutions, the success stories and failures, as well the visions that can advance research and drive innovation in the Semantic Web.
    RSWK
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Datenverwaltung / Wissensmanagement / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Anwendungssystem / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / World Wide Web 2.0 / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Subject
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Datenverwaltung / Wissensmanagement / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Anwendungssystem / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / World Wide Web 2.0 / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  8. Spinning the Semantic Web : bringing the World Wide Web to its full potential (2003) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    As the World Wide Web continues to expand, it becomes increasingly difficult for users to obtain information efficiently. Because most search engines read format languages such as HTML or SGML, search results reflect formatting tags more than actual page content, which is expressed in natural language. Spinning the Semantic Web describes an exciting new type of hierarchy and standardization that will replace the current "Web of links" with a "Web of meaning." Using a flexible set of languages and tools, the Semantic Web will make all available information - display elements, metadata, services, images, and especially content - accessible. The result will be an immense repository of information accessible for a wide range of new applications. This first handbook for the Semantic Web covers, among other topics, software agents that can negotiate and collect information, markup languages that can tag many more types of information in a document, and knowledge systems that enable machines to read Web pages and determine their reliability. The truly interdisciplinary Semantic Web combines aspects of artificial intelligence, markup languages, natural language processing, information retrieval, knowledge representation, intelligent agents, and databases.
    Content
    Inhalt: Tim Bemers-Lee: The Original Dream - Re-enter Machines - Where Are We Now? - The World Wide Web Consortium - Where Is the Web Going Next? / Dieter Fensel, James Hendler, Henry Lieberman, and Wolfgang Wahlster: Why Is There a Need for the Semantic Web and What Will It Provide? - How the Semantic Web Will Be Possible / Jeff Heflin, James Hendler, and Sean Luke: SHOE: A Blueprint for the Semantic Web / Deborah L. McGuinness, Richard Fikes, Lynn Andrea Stein, and James Hendler: DAML-ONT: An Ontology Language for the Semantic Web / Michel Klein, Jeen Broekstra, Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen, and Ian Horrocks: Ontologies and Schema Languages on the Web / Borys Omelayenko, Monica Crubezy, Dieter Fensel, Richard Benjamins, Bob Wielinga, Enrico Motta, Mark Musen, and Ying Ding: UPML: The Language and Tool Support for Making the Semantic Web Alive / Deborah L. McGuinness: Ontologies Come of Age / Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman, and Frank van Harmelen: Sesame: An Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF Data and Schema Information / Rob Jasper and Mike Uschold: Enabling Task-Centered Knowledge Support through Semantic Markup / Yolanda Gil: Knowledge Mobility: Semantics for the Web as a White Knight for Knowledge-Based Systems / Sanjeev Thacker, Amit Sheth, and Shuchi Patel: Complex Relationships for the Semantic Web / Alexander Maedche, Steffen Staab, Nenad Stojanovic, Rudi Studer, and York Sure: SEmantic portAL: The SEAL Approach / Ora Lassila and Mark Adler: Semantic Gadgets: Ubiquitous Computing Meets the Semantic Web / Christopher Frye, Mike Plusch, and Henry Lieberman: Static and Dynamic Semantics of the Web / Masahiro Hori: Semantic Annotation for Web Content Adaptation / Austin Tate, Jeff Dalton, John Levine, and Alex Nixon: Task-Achieving Agents on the World Wide Web
    LCSH
    Semantic Web
    World Wide Web
    RSWK
    Semantic Web
    Subject
    Semantic Web
    Semantic Web
    World Wide Web
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  9. Kleinz, T.: Beute im Netz : Das Web 2.0 hilft, Freunde mit gleichen Interessen zu finden - doch auch Geheimdienste und Betrüger lesen mit (2006) 0.05 
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    Content
    "Knapp zwei Jahre ist es her, seitdem der USVerleger Tim O'Reilly das "Web 2.0" ausgerufen hat - das soziale Internet. Seitdem hat sich das Angebot im weltumspannenden Datennetz gewandelt. Nicht Redaktionen oder Firmen gestalten zunehmend Angebote, sondern die Nutzer selbst. Sie schreiben in Weblogs über ihren Alltag, tragen ihre Freunde in Kontaktbörsen ein, stellen Fotos, Videos und Musik ins Netz. Doch nicht nur Freunde nutzen die Vorteile des neuen Netzes - auch Betrüger, Geheimdienste und Firmen sind dabei. "Die Weisheit der Massen kann viel zu leicht in den Wahnsinn der Massen umschlagen", warnt Web-2.0-Vordenker O'Reilly. Er spricht von der "dunklen Seite" des Web 2.0. "Kollektive Intelligenz erfordert das Speichern gewaltiger Datenmengen. Diese können genutzt werden, um innovative Dienste zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die gleichen Daten können aber auch unsere Privatsphäre bedrohen." So tobt in einer Mailingliste der Online-Enzyklopädie Wikipedia eine Debatte über ein Auswertungswerkzeug. Eine Webseite trug zahlreiche Details über alle WikipediaNutzer zusammen. Sie zeigte, wer wie lange und in welchen Feldern der Wikipedia tätig war. Übersichtliche Wochengrafiken veranschaulichten, zu welchen Tageszeiten welche Nutzer gerne aktiv sind. Einem ehemaligen Mitwirkenden gefällt das nicht. Uli Fuchs beklagte, solche Auswertungen verstießen gegen sein Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung und wahrscheinlich gegen mehrere Gesetze. Die Wikipedia-Verantwortlichen knickten ein: Bis zu einer rechtlichen Klärung schalteten sie das Auswertungswerkzeug ab. Fuchs spricht einen brisanten Punkt an. Penibel verzeichnet die Online-Enzyklopädie jede kleinste Änderung, die ein User an den Artikeln vornimmt. Die Daten sind bis auf den letzten Kommafehler auch nach Jahren noch einsehbar. In den falschen Händen können solche Informationen brisant sein. Sind etwa Arbeitnehmer krank gemeldet, geraten sie vielleicht in Erklärungsnöte, wenn sie zur gleichen Zeit an Wikipedia-Artikeln arbeiten. Ein Großteil der Nutzer versteckt sich daher hinter Pseudonymen.
    Auch "My Space" verdeutlicht die Schattenseite des Web 2.0: In mehreren hundert Fällen ermittelt die US-Bundespolizei FBI wegen sexueller Belästigungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die Plattform hat reagiert und wirbt seit dieser Woche in Fernsehspots für den verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit den eigenen Daten. Durchschlagender Erfolg ist nicht zu erwarten: So lautet ein Ratschlag an die Jugendlichen, das eigene Zugangs-Passwort den Eltern mitzuteilen - was der Empfehlung gleichkommt, das eigene Tagebuch bei den Eltern zu hinterlegen. Eine weitere Bedrohung für die Privatsphäre geht von den Konzernen aus, die diese Dienste anbieten. Die meisten sind kostenlos, sie sollen über Werbung und Partnerschaften Geld bringen. So hat der Internet-Riese Yahoo eine ganze Reihe von Web2.0-Firmen gekauft, darunter das Bilderportal "Flickr" und den Bookmark-Dienst "Del.icio.us". "My Space" gehört mittlerweile zum Imperium des Medien-Moguls Rupert Murdoch. O'Reilly warnt: "Diese Firmen werden einen enormen Einfluss auf unser aller Leben haben - und sie können ihn zum Guten wie zum Schlechten nutzen." Der Identitätsdiebstahl im Internet ist mittlerweile zu einem ernsthaften Problem geworden. Kriminelle gehen mit Daten wie Namen und Kreditkartenummern auf Betrugstour. Sie verursachten laut amtlicher Statistik allein im Jahr 2004 Schäden in Höhe von sechs Milliarden Dollar - aktuelle Schätzungen gehen von bis zu 50 Milliarden Dollar Schaden pro Jahr aus. Aber nicht nur Betrüger beuten den Datenschatz im Netz aus, auch Geheimdienste zeigen Interesse. So berichtet das Wissenschaftsmagazin New Scientist, der US-Geheimdienst National Security Agency erforsche intensiv Techniken, mit deren Hilfe die Agenten soziale Netzwerke überwachen und systematisch auswerten können. Das Interesse kommt nicht von ungefähr: Web-2.0-Dienste erfreuen sich einer großen Beliebtheit. So verzeichnet das erst vor zwei Jahren gegründete Portal "My Space" schon fast 100 Millionen Nutzer, die sich über Musik- und andere Konsumvorlieben austauschen. Besonders bei Musikern ist die Plattform beliebt: Mittlerweile sollen sich dort 400 000 Bands tummeln, die ihre Arbeit auf der Plattform vorstellen."
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  10. Feigenbaum, L.; Herman, I.; Hongsermeier, T.; Neumann, E.; Stephens, S.: ¬The Semantic Web in action (2007) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Six years ago in this magazine, Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila unveiled a nascent vision of the Semantic Web: a highly interconnected network of data that could be easily accessed and understood by any desktop or handheld machine. They painted a future of intelligent software agents that would head out on the World Wide Web and automatically book flights and hotels for our trips, update our medical records and give us a single, customized answer to a particular question without our having to search for information or pore through results. They also presented the young technologies that would make this vision come true: a common language for representing data that could be understood by all kinds of software agents; ontologies--sets of statements--that translate information from disparate databases into common terms; and rules that allow software agents to reason about the information described in those terms. The data format, ontologies and reasoning software would operate like one big application on the World Wide Web, analyzing all the raw data stored in online databases as well as all the data about the text, images, video and communications the Web contained. Like the Web itself, the Semantic Web would grow in a grassroots fashion, only this time aided by working groups within the World Wide Web Consortium, which helps to advance the global medium. Since then skeptics have said the Semantic Web would be too difficult for people to understand or exploit. Not so. The enabling technologies have come of age. A vibrant community of early adopters has agreed on standards that have steadily made the Semantic Web practical to use. Large companies have major projects under way that will greatly improve the efficiencies of in-house operations and of scientific research. Other firms are using the Semantic Web to enhance business-to-business interactions and to build the hidden data-processing structures, or back ends, behind new consumer services. And like an iceberg, the tip of this large body of work is emerging in direct consumer applications, too.
    Content
    Vgl. auch unter: http://thefigtrees.net/lee/sw/sciam/semantic-web-in-action#single-page.
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  11. Raabe, A.: Entwicklungsperspektiven von Social Software und dem Web 2.0 (2009) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Der Artikel beschäftigt sich zunächst mit dem derzeitigen und zukünftigen Einsatz von Social Software in Unternehmen. Nach dem großen Erfolg von Social Software im Web beginnen viele Unternehmen eigene Social Software-Initiativen zu entwickeln. Der Artikel zeigt die derzeit wahrgenommenen Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Social Software im Unternehmen auf, erörtert Erfolgsfaktoren für die Einführung und präsentiert mögliche Wege für die Zukunft. Nach der Diskussion des Spezialfalles Social Software in Unternehmen werden anschließend die globalen Trends und Zukunftsperspektiven des Web 2.0 in ihren technischen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Dimensionen dargestellt. Wie aus den besprochenen Haupttrends hervorgeht, wird die Masse an digital im Web verfügbaren Informationen stetig weiterwachsen. So stellt sich die Frage, wie es in Zukunft möglich sein wird, die Qualität der Informationssuche und der Wissensgenerierung zu verbessern. Mit dem Einsatz von semantischen Technologien im Web wird hier eine revolutionäre Möglichkeit geboten, Informationen zu filtern und intelligente, gewissermaßen "verstehende" Anwendungen zu entwerfen. Auf dem Weg zu einem intelligenten Web werden sich das Semantic Web und Social Software annähern: Anwendungen wie Semantic Wikis, Semantic Weblogs, lightweight Semantic Web-Sprachen wie Microformats oder auch kommerzielle Angebote wie Freebase von Metaweb werden die ersten Vorzeichen einer dritten Generation des Webs sein.
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Source
    Social Semantic Web: Web 2.0, was nun? Hrsg.: A. Blumauer u. T. Pellegrini
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  12. Schaffert, S.; Bry, F.; Baumeister, J.; Kiesel, M.: Semantische Wikis (2009) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Das Thema "Semantic Wikis" als Verknüpfung von Wiki-Konzepten mit semantischen Technologien gewinnt in den letzten Jahren zunehmend an Bedeutung, weil es "soziale Intelligenz" und "künstliche Intelligenz" miteinander verknüpft. Ziel des Artikels ist es, einen Überblick über das Thema Semantic Wikis zu schaffen. Wir gehen dabei insbesondere auch auf Anwendungsfelder ein und geben einen kurzen Vergleich ausgewählter Systeme.
    Source
    Social Semantic Web: Web 2.0, was nun? Hrsg.: A. Blumauer u. T. Pellegrini
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  13. Towards the Semantic Web : ontology-driven knowledge management (2004) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    With the current changes driven by the expansion of the World Wide Web, this book uses a different approach from other books on the market: it applies ontologies to electronically available information to improve the quality of knowledge management in large and distributed organizations. Ontologies are formal theories supporting knowledge sharing and reuse. They can be used to explicitly represent semantics of semi-structured information. These enable sophisticated automatic support for acquiring, maintaining and accessing information. Methodology and tools are developed for intelligent access to large volumes of semi-structured and textual information sources in intra- and extra-, and internet-based environments to employ the full power of ontologies in supporting knowledge management from the information client perspective and the information provider. The aim of the book is to support efficient and effective knowledge management and focuses on weakly-structured online information sources. It is aimed primarily at researchers in the area of knowledge management and information retrieval and will also be a useful reference for students in computer science at the postgraduate level and for business managers who are aiming to increase the corporations' information infrastructure. The Semantic Web is a very important initiative affecting the future of the WWW that is currently generating huge interest. The book covers several highly significant contributions to the semantic web research effort, including a new language for defining ontologies, several novel software tools and a coherent methodology for the application of the tools for business advantage. It also provides 3 case studies which give examples of the real benefits to be derived from the adoption of semantic-web based ontologies in "real world" situations. As such, the book is an excellent mixture of theory, tools and applications in an important area of WWW research. * Provides guidelines for introducing knowledge management concepts and tools into enterprises, to help knowledge providers present their knowledge efficiently and effectively. * Introduces an intelligent search tool that supports users in accessing information and a tool environment for maintenance, conversion and acquisition of information sources. * Discusses three large case studies which will help to develop the technology according to the actual needs of large and or virtual organisations and will provide a testbed for evaluating tools and methods. The book is aimed at people with at least a good understanding of existing WWW technology and some level of technical understanding of the underpinning technologies (XML/RDF). It will be of interest to graduate students, academic and industrial researchers in the field, and the many industrial personnel who are tracking WWW technology developments in order to understand the business implications. It could also be used to support undergraduate courses in the area but is not itself an introductory text.
    Content
    Inhalt: OIL and DAML + OIL: Ontology Languages for the Semantic Web (pages 11-31) / Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen and Ian Horrocks A Methodology for Ontology-Based Knowledge Management (pages 33-46) / York Sure and Rudi Studer Ontology Management: Storing, Aligning and Maintaining Ontologies (pages 47-69) / Michel Klein, Ying Ding, Dieter Fensel and Borys Omelayenko Sesame: A Generic Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF and RDF Schema (pages 71-89) / Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman and Frank van Harmelen Generating Ontologies for the Semantic Web: OntoBuilder (pages 91-115) / R. H. P. Engels and T. Ch. Lech OntoEdit: Collaborative Engineering of Ontologies (pages 117-132) / York Sure, Michael Erdmann and Rudi Studer QuizRDF: Search Technology for the Semantic Web (pages 133-144) / John Davies, Richard Weeks and Uwe Krohn Spectacle (pages 145-159) / Christiaan Fluit, Herko ter Horst, Jos van der Meer, Marta Sabou and Peter Mika OntoShare: Evolving Ontologies in a Knowledge Sharing System (pages 161-177) / John Davies, Alistair Duke and Audrius Stonkus Ontology Middleware and Reasoning (pages 179-196) / Atanas Kiryakov, Kiril Simov and Damyan Ognyanov Ontology-Based Knowledge Management at Work: The Swiss Life Case Studies (pages 197-218) / Ulrich Reimer, Peter Brockhausen, Thorsten Lau and Jacqueline R. Reich Field Experimenting with Semantic Web Tools in a Virtual Organization (pages 219-244) / Victor Iosif, Peter Mika, Rikard Larsson and Hans Akkermans A Future Perspective: Exploiting Peer-To-Peer and the Semantic Web for Knowledge Management (pages 245-264) / Dieter Fensel, Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer, Frank van Harmelen and John Davies Conclusions: Ontology-driven Knowledge Management - Towards the Semantic Web? (pages 265-266) / John Davies, Dieter Fensel and Frank van Harmelen
    LCSH
    Semantic web
    RSWK
    Semantic Web / Wissensmanagement / Wissenserwerb
    Wissensmanagement / World Wide web (BVB)
    Subject
    Semantic Web / Wissensmanagement / Wissenserwerb
    Wissensmanagement / World Wide web (BVB)
    Semantic web
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  14. Faaborg, A.; Lagoze, C.: Semantic browsing (2003) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    We have created software applications that allow users to both author and use Semantic Web metadata. To create and use a layer of semantic content on top of the existing Web, we have (1) implemented a user interface that expedites the task of attributing metadata to resources on the Web, and (2) augmented a Web browser to leverage this semantic metadata to provide relevant information and tasks to the user. This project provides a framework for annotating and reorganizing existing files, pages, and sites on the Web that is similar to Vannevar Bushrsquos original concepts of trail blazing and associative indexing.
    Source
    Research and advanced technology for digital libraries : 7th European Conference, proceedings / ECDL 2003, Trondheim, Norway, August 17-22, 2003
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
    Semantic Web
  15. ¬The Semantic Web - ISWC 2010 : 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, Shanghai, China, November 7-11, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Part I. (2010) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    The two-volume set LNCS 6496 and 6497 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, held in Shanghai, China, during November 7-11, 2010. Part I contains 51 papers out of 578 submissions to the research track. Part II contains 18 papers out of 66 submissions to the semantic Web in-use track, 6 papers out of 26 submissions to the doctoral consortium track, and also 4 invited talks. Each submitted paper were carefully reviewed. The International Semantic Web Conferences (ISWC) constitute the major international venue where the latest research results and technical innovations on all aspects of the Semantic Web are presented. ISWC brings together researchers, practitioners, and users from the areas of artificial intelligence, databases, social networks, distributed computing, Web engineering, information systems, natural language processing, soft computing, and human computer interaction to discuss the major challenges and proposed solutions, the success stories and failures, as well the visions that can advance research and drive innovation in the Semantic Web.
    RSWK
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Datenverwaltung / Wissensmanagement / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Anwendungssystem / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / World Wide Web 2.0 / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Subject
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Datenverwaltung / Wissensmanagement / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / Anwendungssystem / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Semantic Web / World Wide Web 2.0 / Kongress / Schanghai <2010>
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  16. Shoffner, M.; Greenberg, J.; Kramer-Duffield, J.; Woodbury, D.: Web 2.0 semantic systems : collaborative learning in science (2008) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    The basic goal of education within a discipline is to transform a novice into an expert. This entails moving the novice toward the "semantic space" that the expert inhabits-the space of concepts, meanings, vocabularies, and other intellectual constructs that comprise the discipline. Metadata is significant to this goal in digitally mediated education environments. Encoding the experts' semantic space not only enables the sharing of semantics among discipline scientists, but also creates an environment that bridges the semantic gap between the common vocabulary of the novice and the granular descriptive language of the seasoned scientist (Greenberg, et al, 2005). Developments underlying the Semantic Web, where vocabularies are formalized in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), and Web 2.0 approaches of user-generated folksonomies provide an infrastructure for linking vocabulary systems and promoting group learning via metadata literacy. Group learning is a pedagogical approach to teaching that harnesses the phenomenon of "collective intelligence" to increase learning by means of collaboration. Learning a new semantic system can be daunting for a novice, and yet it is integral to advance one's knowledge in a discipline and retain interest. These ideas are key to the "BOT 2.0: Botany through Web 2.0, the Memex and Social Learning" project (Bot 2.0).72 Bot 2.0 is a collaboration involving the North Carolina Botanical Garden, the UNC SILS Metadata Research center, and the Renaissance Computing Institute (RENCI). Bot 2.0 presents a curriculum utilizing a memex as a way for students to link and share digital information, working asynchronously in an environment beyond the traditional classroom. Our conception of a memex is not a centralized black box but rather a flexible, distributed framework that uses the most salient and easiest-to-use collaborative platforms (e.g., Facebook, Flickr, wiki and blog technology) for personal information management. By meeting students "where they live" digitally, we hope to attract students to the study of botanical science. A key aspect is to teach students scientific terminology and about the value of metadata, an inherent function in several of the technologies and in the instructional approach we are utilizing. This poster will report on a study examining the value of both folksonomies and taxonomies for post-secondary college students learning plant identification. Our data is drawn from a curriculum involving a virtual independent learning portion and a "BotCamp" weekend at UNC, where students work with digital plan specimens that they have captured. Results provide some insight into the importance of collaboration and shared vocabulary for gaining confidence and for student progression from novice to expert in botany.
    Source
    Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  17. Ziegler, C.: Smartes Chaos : Web 2.0 versus Semantic Web (2006) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Web 2.0 und Semantic Web schicken sich gleichermaßen an, dem klassischen WWW neuen Lebensatem einzuhauchen. Dabei könnte Web 2.0 sich zu genau dem entwickeln, was das Semantic Web sein wollte, nie wurde und womöglich niemals sein kann
    Object
    Web 2.0
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  18. ¬The Semantic Web : research and applications ; second European Semantic WebConference, ESWC 2005, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, May 29 - June 1, 2005 ; proceedings (2005) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second European Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2005, heldin Heraklion, Crete, Greece in May/June 2005. The 48 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 148 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on semantic Web services, languages, ontologies, reasoning and querying, search and information retrieval, user and communities, natural language for the semantic Web, annotation tools, and semantic Web applications.
    LCSH
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Information systems
    Software engineering
    RSWK
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Iraklion <2005>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Iraklion <2005>
    Subject
    Semantic Web / Kongress / Iraklion <2005>
    Semantic Web / Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung> / Kongress / Iraklion <2005>
    Information storage and retrieval systems
    Information systems
    Software engineering
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  19. Hüsken, P.: Informationssuche im Semantic Web : Methoden des Information Retrieval für die Wissensrepräsentation (2006) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Das Semantic Web bezeichnet ein erweitertes World Wide Web (WWW), das die Bedeutung von präsentierten Inhalten in neuen standardisierten Sprachen wie RDF Schema und OWL modelliert. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Aspekt des Information Retrieval, d.h. es wird untersucht, in wie weit Methoden der Informationssuche sich auf modelliertes Wissen übertragen lassen. Die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von IR-Systemen wie vage Anfragen sowie die Unterstützung unsicheren Wissens werden im Kontext des Semantic Web behandelt. Im Fokus steht die Suche nach Fakten innerhalb einer Wissensdomäne, die entweder explizit modelliert sind oder implizit durch die Anwendung von Inferenz abgeleitet werden können. Aufbauend auf der an der Universität Duisburg-Essen entwickelten Retrievalmaschine PIRE wird die Anwendung unsicherer Inferenz mit probabilistischer Prädikatenlogik (pDatalog) implementiert.
    Footnote
    Zugl.: Dortmund, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2006 u.d.T.: Hüsken, Peter: Information-Retrieval im Semantic-Web.
    RSWK
    Information Retrieval / Semantic Web
    Subject
    Information Retrieval / Semantic Web
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  20. Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J.; Lassila, O.: Mein Computer versteht mich (2001) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Was wäre, wenn der Computer den Inhalt einer Seite aus dem World Wide Web nicht nur anzeigen, sondern auch seine Bedeutung erfassen würde? Er könnte ungeahnte Dinge für seinen Benutzer tun - und das vielleicht schon bald, wenn das semantische Netz etabliert ist
    Footnote
    Dt. Übersetzung von: The Semantic Web: a new form of Web content that is meaningful to computers will unleash a revolution of new possibilities. In: Scientific American. 284(2001) no.5, S.34-43.
    Theme
    Semantic Web

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