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  1. Brintzinger, K.-R.: Abstracts im Verbund : Von der bibliothekarischen zur nutzerorientierten Erschließung. ein Versuch des Juristischen Seminars der Universität Tübingen (2003) 0.04 
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    Content
    "Der etwas provokante Titel soll keineswegs eine Dichotomie zwischen bibliothekarischer und nutzerorientierter Erschließung implizieren, sondern zwei Fragen stellen: Was suchen Nutzer in Bibliotheken? Was wollen Nutzer wissen? Die Antwort darauf wird immer heißen: Nutzer suchen nach Inhalten und wollen Informationen über Inhalte. Formale Aspekte, die unter bibliothekarischen Gesichtspunkten durchaus bedeutend sind, spielen für den Nutzer keine große Rolle, Schlagworte als Instrumente der verbalen Sacherschließung beschreiben Inhalte häufig unzureichend und sind für Nutzer vielfach unverständlich. Die bunten Kataloge der Internet-Buchhändler stellen zunehmend einen Kontrast, aber auch eine Konkurrenz zu unseren OPACs dar. Wer in diesen Katalogen recherchiert, findet zwar meist nur eine rudimentäre und natürlich bibliothekarischen Kriterien nicht entsprechende Titelbeschreibung, dafür jedoch regelmäßig zusätzliche Informationen wie Abstracts oder Verlagsinformationen, Rezensionen, Abbildungen, Textproben. Sollen wir uns nun den Katalog von Amazon.de (und seiner Konkurrenten) zum Vorbild nehmen? Wir meinen ja und erfassen daher Abstracts und andere Inhaltsinformationen, die wir mit unseren Titelaufnahmen im Verbund verlinken. Wir sehen darin eine Fortsetzung unseres seit einigen Jahren verfolgten Zieles, die traditionelle Sach- und Formalerschließung um neue Komponenten zu erweitern. Seit 1997 beteiligen wir uns an der kooperativen Aufsatzerschließung, insbesondere durch die Katalogisierung von Festschriftenaufsätzen. Aufsätze in fortlaufenden Sammelwerken katalogisieren wir nur ausnahmsweise, jedoch weisen wir von den Verlagen im Internet angebotene Inhaltsinformationen über Zeitschriften (Inhaltsverzeichnisse, Abstracts, Volltexte) auf der lokalen Ebene nach. Mit unserem Versuch, Abstracts in eine Datenbank des Verbundes einzustellen, haben wir Ende 2000 begonnen. Von ausgewählten Monographien werden Klappentexte, Verlagsinformationen und Abstracts erfasst und mit der Titelaufnahme verlinkt. Unser bisheriges Verfahren ist handgestrickt - hat aber den Vorteil, dass es ohne zusätzliche Technik auskommt und unmittelbar umsetzbar ist: In einem ersten Schritt werden Klappentexte und Inhaltsinformationen von geeigneten Werken ausgewählt. Die Auswahl berücksichtigt sowohl die Bedeutung des Buches wie Umfang und Qualität der Inhaltsinformationen. Das Erfassen der Texte geschieht durch Einscannen oder - wenn dies bei kurzen Texten effizienter ist - durch Abschreiben. Bei einzelnen Verlagen ist es möglich, die Texte direkt von den Webseiten des Verlages per copy-and-paste zu übernehmen. Die Doktoranden unserer Fakultät bitten wir um die Lieferung des Abstracts als Textdatei. Die durch Einscannen, Abschreiben oder Kopieren erzeugte Textdatei wird im nächsten Schritt in eine vom BSZ entwickelte Muster-HTML-Datei kopiert, konvertiert und mit der SWBIdentnummer versehen. Anschließend senden wir diese Datei per E-Mail an den Verbund. Der Verbund stellt unsere Dateien in den BSZ-Medienserver (http://www.bszbw.de/diglib/medserv/metainfhtml) ein, auf dem z.B. auch die ebenfalls mit den VerbundTiteldaten verlinkten IfB- und ekz-Rezensionen gespeichert werden."
    Source
    4. BSZ-Kolloquium am 17. und 18. September an der Universität Stuttgart. Vorträge
  2. Scholz, M.: Qualitätssicherung von Datenbanken : eine gemeinsame Aufgabe von Autor, Schriftleitung und Dokumentar (1994) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Die Gestaltung von Publikationen in Zeitschriften, Schriftenreihen und anderem Schrifttum des Agrarbereiches erfüllt oft nicht die Normen (DIN 1422 und DIN 1426). Titel, Kurzreferat (abstract) und zusätzliche Stichworte werden Bestandteile der Datenbank und tragen wesentlich zur erfolgreichen Wiederauffindung von Veröffentlichungen bei. Beispiele verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit einer Initiative von ZADI und GBDL im FIS-ELF
    Source
    Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Bibliothekswesen und Dokumentation des Landbaues. 1994, H.50, S.24-27d
  3. Reischer, J.; Lottes, D.; Meier, F.; Stirner, M.: Evaluation von Summarizing-Systemen : Kommerzielle und freie Systeme im Vergleich (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Fünf kommerzielle und freie Systeme zum automatischen Zusammenfassen von englischen Texten werden hinsichtlich ihrer Summarizing-Leistung vergleichend evaluiert. Hierfür notwendige, eigene und fremde Evaluations-Ressourcen werden vorgestellt und diskutiert sowie Auswahlkriterien für verwendete Summarizer und Evaluationsmaße dargestellt.
    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.58
    Source
    Information und Wissen: global, sozial und frei? Proceedings des 12. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2011) ; Hildesheim, 9. - 11. März 2011. Hrsg.: J. Griesbaum, T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  4. Neumann-Duscha, I.: Über die Qualität von Referaten (1990) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Die Qualität der Dokumentenanlyse entscheidet über die Wirksamkeit eines Dokumentationsvorhabens, denn Auswahl und Darstellung von Informationselementen bilden die Grundlage zum Wiederfinden des dokumentierten Wissens. Kurzreferate informieren über den Inhalt einer Veröffentlichung. Verschiedene Typen von Inhaltsangaben werden entsprechend der DIN 1426 vorgestellt, Vorschriften und Anweisungen an Referate werden analysiert und die Bewertung der Qualität von Kurzreferaten diskutiert. Das zunehmende Wissen über den Aufbau und das Information Retrieval von Faktendatenbanken führt zu der Schlußfolgerung, daß über die verbale Kurzdarstellung des Dokumenteninhalts hinaus Fakten extrahiert und in speziellen Datenbanken gespeichert werden sollten
    Source
    Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Bibliothekswesen und Dokumentation des Landbaus. 1990, H.46, S.53-70
  5. Eimermacher, M.: Textverstehen im Projekt KIT : kognitive Verfahren zur Informationsextraktion und Zusammenfassung aus Texten (1983) 0.01 
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    Source
    Deutscher Dokumentartag 1982, Lübeck-Travemünde, 29.-30.9.1982: Fachinformation im Zeitalter der Informationsindustrie. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
  6. Endres-Niggemeyer, B.: ¬An empirical process model of abstracting (1992) 0.01 
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    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.7
    Source
    Mensch und Maschine: Informationelle Schnittstellen der Kommunikation. Proc. des 3. Int. Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI'92), 5.-7.11.1992 in Saarbrücken. Hrsg.: H.H. Zimmermann, H.-D. Luckhardt u. A. Schulz
  7. Kuhlen, R.: Informationsaufbereitung III : Referieren (Abstracts - Abstracting - Grundlagen) (2004) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Was ein Abstract (im Folgenden synonym mit Referat oder Kurzreferat gebraucht) ist, legt das American National Standards Institute in einer Weise fest, die sicherlich von den meisten Fachleuten akzeptiert werden kann: "An abstract is defined as an abbreviated, accurate representation of the contents of a document"; fast genauso die deutsche Norm DIN 1426: "Das Kurzreferat gibt kurz und klar den Inhalt des Dokuments wieder." Abstracts gehören zum wissenschaftlichen Alltag. Weitgehend allen Publikationen, zumindest in den naturwissenschaftlichen, technischen, informationsbezogenen oder medizinischen Bereichen, gehen Abstracts voran, "prefe-rably prepared by its author(s) for publication with it". Es gibt wohl keinen Wissenschaftler, der nicht irgendwann einmal ein Abstract geschrieben hätte. Gehört das Erstellen von Abstracts dann überhaupt zur dokumentarischen bzw informationswissenschaftlichen Methodenlehre, wenn es jeder kann? Was macht den informationellen Mehrwert aus, der durch Expertenreferate gegenüber Laienreferaten erzeugt wird? Dies ist nicht so leicht zu beantworten, zumal geeignete Bewertungsverfahren fehlen, die Qualität von Abstracts vergleichend "objektiv" zu messen. Abstracts werden in erheblichem Umfang von Informationsspezialisten erstellt, oft unter der Annahme, dass Autoren selber dafür weniger geeignet sind. Vergegenwärtigen wir uns, was wir über Abstracts und Abstracting wissen. Ein besonders gelungenes Abstract ist zuweilen klarer als der Ursprungstext selber, darf aber nicht mehr Information als dieser enthalten: "Good abstracts are highly structured, concise, and coherent, and are the result of a thorough analysis of the content of the abstracted materials. Abstracts may be more readable than the basis documents, but because of size constraints they rarely equal and never surpass the information content of the basic document". Dies ist verständlich, denn ein "Abstract" ist zunächst nichts anderes als ein Ergebnis des Vorgangs einer Abstraktion. Ohne uns zu sehr in die philosophischen Hintergründe der Abstraktion zu verlieren, besteht diese doch "in der Vernachlässigung von bestimmten Vorstellungsbzw. Begriffsinhalten, von welchen zugunsten anderer Teilinhalte abgesehen, abstrahiert' wird. Sie ist stets verbunden mit einer Fixierung von (interessierenden) Merkmalen durch die aktive Aufmerksamkeit, die unter einem bestimmten pragmatischen Gesichtspunkt als wesentlich' für einen vorgestellten bzw für einen unter einen Begriff fallenden Gegenstand (oder eine Mehrheit von Gegenständen) betrachtet werden". Abstracts reduzieren weniger Begriffsinhalte, sondern Texte bezüglich ihres proportionalen Gehaltes. Borko/ Bernier haben dies sogar quantifiziert; sie schätzen den Reduktionsfaktor auf 1:10 bis 1:12
    Source
    Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis
  8. Kuhlen, R.: Volltextanalyse zum Zwecke des Abstracting (1983) 0.00 
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    Source
    Deutscher Dokumentartag 1982, Lübeck-Travemünde, 29.-30.9.1982: Fachinformation im Zeitalter der Informationsindustrie. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
  9. Gerdel, W.: Anforderungen an Referier Regeln aus Benutzersicht (1983) 0.00 
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    Source
    Deutscher Dokumentartag 1982, Lübeck-Travemünde, 29.-30.9.1982: Fachinformation im Zeitalter der Informationsindustrie. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
  10. Hahn, U.; Reimer, U.: Informationslinguistische Konzepte der Volltextverarbeitung in TOPIC (1983) 0.00 
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    Source
    Deutscher Dokumentartag 1982, Lübeck-Travemünde, 29.-30.9.1982: Fachinformation im Zeitalter der Informationsindustrie. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
  11. Ruda, S.: Abstracting: eine Auswahlbibliographie (1992) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Die vorliegende Auswahlbibliographie ist in 9 Themenbereiche unterteilt. Der erste Abschnitt enthält Literatur, in der auf Abstracts und Abstracting-Verfahren allgemein eingegangen und ein Überblick über den Stand der Forschung gegeben wird. Im nächsten Abschnitt werden solche Aufsätze referiert, die die historische Entwicklung des Abstracting beschreiben. Im dritten Teil sind Abstracting-Richtlinien verschiedener Institutionen aufgelistet. Lexikalische, syntaktische und semantische Textkondensierungsverfahren sind das Thema der in Abschnitt 4 präsentierten Arbeiten. Textstrukturen von Abstracts werden unter Punkt 5 betrachtet, und die Arbeiten des nächsten Themenbereiches befassen sich mit dem Problem des Schreibens von Abstracts. Der siebte Abschnitt listet sog. 'maschinelle' und maschinen-unterstützte Abstracting-Methoden auf. Anschließend werden 'maschinelle' und maschinenunterstützte Abstracting-Verfahren, Abstracts im Vergleich zu ihren Primärtexten sowie Abstracts im allgemeien bewertet. Den Abschluß bilden Bibliographien
  12. Hahn, U.: Abstracting - Textzusammenfassung (2023) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Abstracts (hier als Sammelbegriff für jegliche Form meist schriftlicher Zusammenfassungen verstanden) beruhen auf der inhaltlichen Informationsverdichtung (Kondensierung) von längeren Quelltexten (etwa Zeitungs- oder Zeitschriftenartikel). Geht man von der Menge aller Aussagen eines Originaldokumentes (auch als Volltext bezeichnet) aus, soll ein Abstract - abhängig vom gewünschten Verdichtungsgrad - nur die wichtigsten Aussagen des Volltextes oder Generalisierungen davon in redundanzfreier, grammatikalisch korrekter, textuell kohärenter und gut lesbarer Form enthalten. Durch die Verdichtung - so die zentrale informationswissenschaftliche Annahme - gewinnt der Nutzer Übersicht über die in einem (oder mehreren) Dokument(en) behandelten Themen mit wesentlich geringerem (Zeit-)Aufwand als durch die Lektüre des Originaltextes. Es ist dabei unstrittig, dass jede Form der Kondensierung zu Informationsverlusten führt. Folglich gilt es, ein Optimum an Zeitgewinn und Informationsverlust anzustreben. Abstracting, der Prozess der Erstellung von Abstracts, selbst kann als Spezialisierung der allgemeineren Textzusammenfassung (TZF) aufgefasst werden, fokussiert jedoch primär auf Fach- und Sachtexte.
    Source
    Grundlagen der Informationswissenschaft. Hrsg.: Rainer Kuhlen, Dirk Lewandowski, Wolfgang Semar und Christa Womser-Hacker. 7., völlig neu gefasste Ausg
  13. Kuhlen, R.: Abstracts, abstracting : intellektuelle und maschinelle Verfahren (1990) 0.00 
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    Source
    Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 3. Aufl. Hrsg.: M. Buder u.a. Bd.1
  14. Sauperl, A.; Klasinc, J.; Luzar, S.: Components of abstracts : logical structure of scholarly abstracts in pharmacology, sociology, and linguistics and literature (2008) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The international standard ISO 214:1976 defines an abstract as "an abbreviated, accurate representation of the contents of a document" (p. 1) that should "enable readers to identify the basic content of a document quickly and accurately to determine relevance" (p. 1). It also should be useful in computerized searching. The ISO standard suggests including the following elements: purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Researchers have often challenged this structure and found that different disciplines and cultures prefer different information content. These claims are partially supported by the findings of our research into the structure of pharmacology, sociology, and Slovenian language and literature abstracts of papers published in international and Slovenian scientific periodicals. The three disciplines have different information content. Slovenian pharmacology abstracts differ in content from those in international periodicals while the differences between international and Slovenian abstracts are small in sociology. In the field of Slovenian language and literature, only domestic abstracts were studied. The identified differences can in part be attributed to the disciplines, but also to the different role of journals and papers in the professional society and to differences in perception of the role of abstracts. The findings raise questions about the structure of abstracts required by some publishers of international journals.
  15. Hartley, J.; Sydes, M.: Which layout do you prefer? : an analysis of readers' preferences for different typographic layouts of structured abstracts (1996) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.1, S.27-37
  16. Hartley, J.; Sydes, M.; Blurton, A.: Obtaining information accurately and quickly : are structured abstracts more efficient? (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Reports results of 2 studies to determine if structured abstracts offer any advantage to users in terms of whether they are easier to search. In study 1, using a specially prepared electronic database of abstracts in either their original format or the structured format, 52 users were asked to find the answers to 2 questions for each of 8 abstracts in traditional format followed by 2 questions for each of 8 abstracts set in the structured format. Time and error data were recorded automatically. In study 2, using a printed database, 56 users were asked to to find 5 abstracts that reprted a particular kind of study and then find 5 more references that reported another kind of study. In study 1 users performed significantly faster and made fewer errors with structured abstracts but there were some unexplainable practice effects. In study 2, the users again performed significantly faster and made fewer errors with structured abstracts. However, there were asymmetrical transfer effects: users who responded first to the structured abstracts responded more quickly to the following traditional abstracts than did those users who responded first to the traditional abstracts. Nevertheless, the overall findings support the hypothesis that it is easier for user to search structured abstracts than it is to search traditional abstracts
    Source
    Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.5, S.349-356
  17. Heinrich, G.: ¬Die "Allzweck-Annotation" und der annotierte Katalogzetteldienst : offene Fragen und mögliche Alternativen (1971) 0.00 
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  18. Ou, S.; Khoo, C.; Goh, D.H.; Heng, H.-Y.: Automatic discourse parsing of sociology dissertation abstracts as sentence categorization (2004) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    We investigated an approach to automatic discourse parsing of sociology dissertation abstracts as a sentence categorization task. Decision tree induction was used for the automatic categorization. Three models were developed. Model 1 made use of word tokens found in the sentences. Model 2 made use of both word tokens and sentence position in the abstract. In addition to the attributes used in Model 2, Model 3 also considered information regarding the presence of indicator words in surrounding sentences. Model 3 obtained the highest accuracy rate of 74.5 % when applied to a test sample, compared to 71.6% for Model 2 and 60.8% for Model 1. The results indicated that information about sentence position can substantially increase the accuracy of categorization, and indicator words in earlier sentences (before the sentence being processed) also contribute to the categorization accuracy.
    Content
    1. Introduction This paper reports our initial effort to develop an automatic method for parsing the discourse structure of sociology dissertation abstracts. This study is part of a broader study to develop a method for multi-document summarization. Accurate discourse parsing will make it easier to perform automatic multi-document summarization of dissertation abstracts. In a previous study, we determined that the macro-level structure of dissertation abstracts typically has five sections (Khoo et al., 2002). In this study, we treated discourse parsing as a text categorization problem - assigning each sentence in a dissertation abstract to one of the five predefined sections or categories. Decision tree induction, a machine-learning method, was applied to word tokens found in the abstracts to construct a decision tree model for the categorization purpose. Decision tree induction was selected primarily because decision tree models are easy to interpret and can be converted to rules that can be incorporated in other computer programs. A well-known decision-tree induction program, C5.0 (Quinlan, 1993), was used in this study.
    Source
    Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
  19. Kuhlen, R.: Abstracts, abstracting : intellektuelle und maschinelle Verfahren (1997) 0.00 
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    Source
    Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation: ein Handbuch zur Einführung in die fachliche Informationsarbeit. 4. Aufl. Hrsg.: M. Buder u.a
  20. Koltay, T.: ¬A hypertext tutorial on abstracting for library science students (1995) 0.00 
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    Date
    27. 1.1996 18:22:06

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