Bowker, G.C.; Star, S.L.: Sorting things out : classification and its consequences (1999)
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- Abstract
- Is this book sociology, anthropology, or taxonomy? Sorting Things Out, by communications theorists Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star, covers a lot of conceptual ground in its effort to sort out exactly how and why we classify and categorize the things and concepts we encounter day to day. But the analysis doesn't stop there; the authors go on to explore what happens to our thinking as a result of our classifications. With great insight and precise academic language, they pick apart our information systems and language structures that lie deeper than the everyday categories we use. The authors focus first on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a widely used scheme used by health professionals worldwide, but also look at other health information systems, racial classifications used by South Africa during apartheid, and more. Though it comes off as a bit too academic at times (by the end of the 20th century, most writers should be able to get the spelling of McDonald's restaurant right), the book has a clever charm that thoughtful readers will surely appreciate. A sly sense of humor sneaks into the writing, giving rise to the chapter title "The Kindness of Strangers," for example. After arguing that categorization is both strongly influenced by and a powerful reinforcer of ideology, it follows that revolutions (political or scientific) must change the way things are sorted in order to throw over the old system. Who knew that such simple, basic elements of thought could have such far-reaching consequences? Whether you ultimately place it with social science, linguistics, or (as the authors fear) fantasy, make sure you put Sorting Things Out in your reading pile.
- BK
- 02.10 / Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft
06.70 / Katalogisierung / Bestandserschließung
- Classification
- AN 93400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Klassifikation
02.10 / Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft
06.70 / Katalogisierung / Bestandserschließung
- RVK
- AN 93400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Klassifikation
Maasen, S.: Wissenssoziologie (1999)
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- Abstract
- Die Wissensoziologie fußt auf einer radikalen Soziologisierung des Wissens: Daß Vergesellschaftung sich im Medium des Wissens vollzieht und alles Wissen standortgebunden ist, haben Autoren wie Scheler und Mannheim Ende der 20er Jahre eingeführt. Die Beziehungen zwischen Wissen und Gesellschaft werden seither im Hinblick auch die Produktion, Zirkulation und Rezeption von Denkstilen und Wissensbeständen untersucht. Wichtige Weiterentwicklungen finden sich in der (post-)strukturalistischen Diskursanalyse, der systemtheoretischen Semantikanalyse, dem 'strong programme' und der Sozialphänomenologie der Lebenswelt. Das aktuelle Forschungsthema 'Wissensgesellschaft' zeigt eine zunehmend interdisziplinär orientierte Wissensoziologie
- BK
- 02.10 / Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft
- Classification
- MS 6950 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Wissenssoziologie / Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft)
02.10 / Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft
- Content
- Rez.: "Neuerdings beschreibt sich die moderne Gesellschaft selbst als "Wissensgesellschaft". Wissen wird als zentrale Ressource begriffen. Vor diesem Hintergrund konstatiert Sabine Maasen in ihrem Buch "Wissenssoziologie", das in der Reihe "Einsichten. Soziologische Themen" im Transcript-Verlag erschienen ist, eine neue Aufgabe für die etwas aus der Mode gekommene Wissenssoziologie. Die Vielfalt der soziologischen Problematisierungsmöglichkeiten von Wissen zeigt die Autorin dabei anhand eines theoriegeschichtlichen Abrisses von der Tradition der Ideologiekritik bis zu den Wissenstheorien eines Foucault oder eines Luhmann. Die große Leistung dieses Buches besteht aber vor allem in der Skizzierung der Aufgabe, diese wissenssoziologischen Konzepte für den aktuellen Diskurs über die "Wissensgesellschaft" fruchtbar zu machen, der bislang gerade unter einem soziologisch defizitären Wissensbegriff leidet. Insgesamt eröffnet der Band sowohl ideengeschichtliche Perspektiven auf die Wissenssoziologie als auch systematische Perspektiven auf die "Wissensgesellschaft". Die klare und präzise Darstellung bietet dabei auch nicht vorinfomierten Lesern eine nützliche Einführung in dieses Themenfeld"
- RVK
- MS 6950 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Wissenssoziologie / Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft)
Berger, P.L.; Luckmann, Th.: ¬Die gesellschaftliche Konstruktion der Wirklichkeit : eine Theorie der Wissenssoziologie (1992)
0.02
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- Abstract
- In ihrer mittlerweile klassisch gewordenen Arbeit haben Peter L. Berger und Thomas Luckmann die Wissenssoziologie auf eine neue Basis gestellt. Mit dem begrifflichen Instrumentarium von Philosophie, Anthropologie, Sozialpsychologie und Sprachwissenschaft gehen sie der Frage nach, durch welche Prozesse sich für die Mitglieder von Gesellschaften eine intersubjektiv geteilte, gemeinsame Wirklichkeit herausbildet: wie die Formen der Vermittlung zwischen der objektiven Wirklichkeit der Gesellschaft, die durch soziale Interaktionen hervorgebracht, institutionell verstetigt und in vielfältiger Weise tradiert wird, und die subjektiven Bildungsprozesse der beteiligten individuen zu verstehen sind.
- Classification
- MS 6950 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Wissenssoziologie / Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft)
- RVK
- MS 6950 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Wissenssoziologie / Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft)
