-
Levie, F.: ¬L' Homme qui voulait classer le monde : Paul Otlet et le Mundaneum (2006)
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- BK
- 06.01 / Geschichte des Informations- und Dokumentationswesens
- Classification
- AN 93400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Klassifikation
06.01 / Geschichte des Informations- und Dokumentationswesens
- Footnote
- Rez. in: KO 33(2006) no.2, S. 120-121 (S. Ducheyne): "To the readers of this journal the founding founder of bibliography and information science, the Belgian Paul Otlet (1868-1944), ground-layer of the Universal Decimal Classification, anticipator of multimedia, virtual libraries, and the Internet, and co-inventor of the microfilm or, as it was originally called, "le Bibliophote" (p. 107) (an achievement he shares together with Robert Goldschmidt), scarcely needs introduction. Françoise Levie's new biography of Otlet embodies the research she has started with the production of the documentary of the same name (Sofidoc, 2002, 60 min.). It is impossible to give a chapter-bychapter overview of this informatively dense and beautifully illustrated book, which consists of twenty chapters, a concluding piece by Benoît Peeters, a very useful list and description of the pivotal figures in Otlet's life, and a list containing the locations of the sources consulted (an index is, unfortunately, not provided). I will therefore restrict myself by pointing to Levie's innovative contributions to our knowledge of Otlet and to topics that are of genuine interest to the readers of this journal. Levie's book is the result of a fascinating, worldwide quest into the remains of Otlet's work and his international connections. Ever since W Boyd Rayward's monumental 1975 The Universe of Information: The Work of Paul Otlet for Documentation and International Organization (Moscow: VINITI), this book is the second systematic survey of the Collections of the Mundaneum (now, after various peregrinations, preserved at Bergen/Mons, Belgium) (cf. pp. 339-340), which contains Otlet's private documents, the "Otletaneum". Sixty-eight unopened banana boxes were the main source of inspirations for Levie's research. Of special interest in this respect is Levie's discovery of Otlet's 1916 diary "le Cahier Blue". As these boxes were, at the time Levie conducted her research, not classified and as they were thereafter re-divided and re-classified, precise references to this collection are not provided and the text is simply quoted during the course of the book (p. 339). While this is perfectly understandable, I would have welcomed exact references to Otlet's main works such as, for instance, Traité de documentation and Monde, Essai d'universalisme which are also quoted without supplying further details.
Levie's focus is not exclusively on Otlet's contributions to bibliography and information science per se, but aims at offering a very complete, chronological overview of the life and work of Paul Otlet. Levie succeeds very well at documenting Otlet's personal and familial life, and offers ample socio-historical and political contextualisation of Otlet's activities (e.g. the interaction between Otlet's internationalist endeavours and the expansionist politics of King Leopold II (p. 59), and Otlet's ardent pacifism during World War I are relevantly highlighted (pp. 161176)). Levie begins by exploring Otlet's childhood days and by bringing into perspective some of the traits which are relevant to understand his later work. She shows how his father Edouard, an internationally active railway contractor, awoke a mondial awareness in the young Otlet (pp. 20-21) and how his encyclopaedic spirit for the first time found expression in a systematic inventory of the small Mediterranean isle his father bought (L'île du Levant, 1882) (p. 31). From the age of 16 Otlet suffered from a disorder of his literal memory (Otlet's personal testimony in the Cahier Blue, on p. 47), which might perhaps explain his lifelong obsession with completeness and accuracy. Of special interest to the readers of this journal are chapter 4, in which Otlet's and Henri Lafontaine's adaptation of Melvil Dewey's Decimal Classification and the origin of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is discussed in extenso (pp. 5170; also see chapter 6, p. 98 for Otlet's attempt at a universal iconographical index) and chapter 17, in which Traité de documentation (1934) is presented
(pp. 267-277). In chapter 5 (pp. 75-89), Levie discusses Otlet's interest in urbanism (also see, p. 147 ff) and recounts how in Westende he built from scratch a complete coastal village, a kind of miniutopia, in close collaboration with the architects Octave Van Rysselberghe and Henry Van de Velde (unfortunately, it was destroyed in 1914). In close connection to their pacifist ideals, Otlet and his Nobelprize winning co-worker Lafontaine sought to realize a World City and in 1911 saw their ambitions shared by the joint work of the French architect Ernest Hébrard and the American-Norwegian sculptor Hendrik Anderson (pp. 128-141). Later, in the late 1920s, Otlet joined forces with Le Corbusier to establish such a world-centre (pp. 229-247, a 1930 letter of Le Corbusier to Otlet on this matter is reproduced on pages 234-235). In his later moments of desperation, Otlet called on virtually every major political leader, including Mussolini, Franco, and Hitler to achieve this goal (pp. 217-218, p. 294). In these chapters related to architecture, Levie draws extensively on previously unstudied correspondence and adds much detail to our knowledge of Otlet's explorations in this area. In several other chapters, Levie documents in great detail the less unknown rise and downfall of Otlet's "Mondial Palace" (which was inaugurated in 1919) (chapters 12-14 and 16). Looking back on Otlet's endeavours it is not difficult to realize that many of his "utopian" ideas were realized in the course of history. Levie's unique work represents a most welcome update of our knowledge of Otlet. It bears direct relevance for historians of information science and bibliography and historians of architecture, but will, no doubt, attract many scholars from other disciplines, as it places Otlet against the background of several important historical trends and as it is very accessibly written. I take it that publishers are already preparing an English edition of this work - or else, they should be. I wholeheartedly agree with Levie's conclusion that we haven't finished discovering Otlet's work (p. 318)."
- RVK
- AN 93400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Klassifikation
-
Daves, L.; Longchamp, L.: Courtiers et consultants en information (1994)
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- Abstract
- Die Welt der Dokumentation ist in den letzten Jahren in Bewegung geraten. Neben den Aufgaben der traditionellen Erwerbung, der Erfassung und der Bewahrung der Dokumente sind neue Aktionsfelder auf der Bildfläche erschienen; die Auswertung, die Retrokonversion und die Verbunfkataloge, die Datenbankabfrage und die Abfragemöglichkeiten für Benutzer, die Konzeption der Informationssysteme sowie die Expertenberatung. Neue Berufsfelder sind enstanden: Informationsvermittler und -berater
- Source
- ARBIDO-R. 9(1994) H.1, S.22-24
-
Maniez, J.: ¬Des classifications aux thesaurus : du bon usage des facettes (1999)
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- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Maniez, J.: ¬Du bon usage des facettes : des classifications aux thésaurus (1999)
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- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Degez, D.; Masse, C.: ¬L'indexation à l'ère d'Internet (2000)
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- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Indexing in the Internet era
-
Barbat, P.; Neste, E. van den; Drouhet, G.: Records management et archivistique française (1998)
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- Abstract
- An article in documentaliste 35(1998) no.1, presented the concept and contexts for the application of records management. This article, devoted to the experience of archivists, continues to focus on professional active and semi-active records management practices and their evolution in different countries and eras. P. Barbat analyzes the discovery in France in the 1960s of active records and the invlovement of both archivists and the departments actually generating the records in their management, and the impact this development has had on archival practices. Also discusses the impact that the international standard now being drafted by ISO will have on the profession. A government and a company archivist also describe their experience
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
21. 2.1999 15:22:35
-
Dupuis, P.; Lapointe, J.: Developpement d'un outil documentaire à Hydro-Quebec : le Thesaurus HQ (1997)
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- Source
- Argus. 26(1997) no.3, S.16-22
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Heinzelin, D. de; ¬d'¬Hautcourt, F.; Pols, R.: ¬Un nouveaux thesaurus multilingue informatise relatif aux instruments de musique (1998)
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- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Martin, P.; Vaillant, S.: ¬Le records management : Concept nouveau? Pratique ancienne? (1998)
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- Abstract
- Records management has appeared lately in France to designate the management of organizational documents and electronic data an enterprise must retain as proof of its activities and transactions. An international standard is under discussion to address issues concerned with retention. At the same time, some information professionals are finding themselves increasingly involved with active company records, since the role of records manager requires skills found in the professions of archivists, information scientist and quality controller. Presents examples which pose the question, is records management in fact a new profession or simply a new form of a familiar job?
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
31.12.1998 15:32:22
-
Lupovici, C.: ¬Le digital object identifier : le système du DOI (1998)
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- Abstract
- The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) has been developed by the academic technical and medical publishing sectors to enable the management of access rights to information published electronically. The DOI system has evolved from the physical documentary unit identifiers developed in the 1970, physical and document logical unit identifiers developed in the 1980s and recently modified to meet the needs of electronic distribution. This experience is integrated into the standardization, currently in progress on the Internet network, of the identification of resources and their localization. The DOI system is potentially the object of an international standard as the ISBN and the ISSN have been
- Date
- 22. 1.1999 19:29:22
-
Desrichard, Y.: ¬Le dedoublonage des banques de donnees bibliographiques : un etat de l'art (1997)
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- Abstract
- Duplicate citations in databases and library and information centre catalogues are a frequent problem for end users and information professionals. Current practice involves downloading bibliographic citations from external sources and integrating them in local catalogues. Describes the main processes by which duplicates are removed and the cluster technique which allows citation comparison. A more extensive discussion is available on the ADBS website
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Duplicates in bibliographic databanks: state of the art
-
Gagnon-Arguin, L.: ¬L'¬analyse documentaire 1 : les thesaurus en France (1995)
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- Abstract
- First in a series of articles on archival description. Describes the experience of French archives in the creation of thesauri with special emphasis on the following: the context within which French expertise in the description and analysis of archival documents was developed; the 3 principle thesauri currently used in French archives for the description of public administration documents, Vocabulaire de Varenne, Thesaurus W, and Priam 3; and some considerations for archivists in Quebec
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
André, A.-S.: ¬L'¬information culturelle : acteurs, usages et enjeux pour les professionels de l'information (1997)
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- Abstract
- A summary of a thesis based on the supposition that in an era of increasing leisure more time is to be available for cultural activities and that analysis can lead to a better grasp of the concept of cultural information. Discusses: the relationship of government, cultural networks and the cultural engineering sector to information; existing kinds of cultural information, their use and the impact on them of new technologies; and the characteristics and role of information professionals in this sector
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
-
Regimbeau, G.: Acces thématiques aux oeuvres d'art contemporaines dans les banques de données (1998)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the possibilities and difficulties encountered when using a thematic index to search contemporary art databanks. Jaconde and Videomuseum, 2 French databanks, are used as examples. the core problems found in the study are the methods and limits of indexing in both systems. A thematic index should be developed that is better adapted to 20th century art, based on the complementary and reciprocal relationship between text and image, and which fully exploits hypertext
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
-
Tomitch, M.-M.: ¬Le role de l'IFLA en matière de normalisation (1998)
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- Abstract
- Discussing the work of the IFLA classification and indexing section, part of the Bibliographic Control Division. Activities related to subject access include (1) Guidelines for subject authority and reference entries; (2) the 1993 Lisbon conference on 'subject indexing: principles and practices in the 90s'; (3) research on the principles underlying subject heading languages; and (4) recommendations for classification data format. Future areas of work include compatibility between indexing languages and multilingual access
- Content
- Presentation given at the French Libraries Association study and research section day on 'research and indexing: limited results', held in Grenoble in Oct 1997
- Date
- 17.11.1998 16:22:09
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: The role of IFLA in standardisation matters
-
Gascon, P.: ¬Le Répertoire de Vedettes-matière de la Bibliothèque de l'Université Laval : sa genese et son évolution (1994)
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- Abstract
- Developed to meet the needs of the library at the Université Laval, the Répertoire de Vedettes-matière is used by many institutions and is recognized as the Canadian standard by the National Library of Canada. The Répertoire also supported the creation of a union catalogue network and its use in libraries abroad, especially the Bibliothèque Nationale in France, confirms, this status and guarantees its continuing role in the increasing standardization of subject headings used in the French-speaking world. Concludes the history of the Répertoire and the major events that shaped its progress
- Date
- 20.10.2000 13:34:22
-
Cliche, M.; Panneton, J.: ¬Les bibliothèques publiques et l'autoroute de l'information : depasser le role de point d'access (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines the responsibilities and obligations of libraries in an electronic environment. These include: ensuring access, mostly free, to the Internet; training the public to use it; developing research and navigational tools; using the Internet as a gateway; participating in the organization of data; providing access to the documentary heritage; collection development; forging links with other database producers; providng a forum for dissemination projects; speaking out against censorship; and involving users and the local community in the development of databases
- Date
- 6. 9.2000 14:13:22
-
Piccotti, P.: ¬Les nouvelles technologies et la recherche documentaire (1998)
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- Abstract
- The Venice University Institute of Architecture has developed Easyweb, a software package to integrate its heterogeneous non-compatible bibliographic and multimedia databases, standardise access and create internal links, by transferring all existing OPAC applications to the Web. Features include importation of UNIMARC data, multiple window searching, multibase searching and special applications, e.g. circulation management. Easyweb is notable user friendly and has become the point of reference for OPACs in Italy
- Content
- Summary of a presentation given at the French Libraries Association 5th national arts libraries meeting, held in Paris in Sept. 1997
- Source
- Bulletin d'informations de l'Association des Bibliothecaires Francais. 1998, no.178, S.20-22
-
Degez, D.: Compatibilité des langages d'indexation mariage, cohabitation ou fusion? : Quelques examples concrèts (1998)
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- Abstract
- To illustrate the theoretical analysis presented by J. Maniez published in Documentaliste 34(1997) nos.4/5 presents some concrete examples drawn for experience of the difficulties increasingly faced in trying to make different indexing languages compatible. Various types of problems may be considered: comparing semantic terms and relationships that compose indexing languages, setting standards for writing and vocabulary, and opposing pre and post coordinated descriptors. Proposes several solutions and discusses the need for further applied research in this area
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:01:00
-
Paquel, N.: Autoroutes, CD, multimedia : le manège électronique continue de tourner (1995)
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- Abstract
- Considers the new roles of those involved in multimedia, the information superhighway and electronic publishing. The growth of technology has developed the market of the home computer, multimedia machines, CD-ROM and the Internet. discusses the use of information highways, interactive television, standards for those media and sources of funding
- Source
- Bulletin des Bibliothèques de France. 40(1995) no.2, S.18-22
