Search (23 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

The performance of an information retrieval or text and media filtering system may be determined through analytic methods as well as by traditional simulation or experimental methods. These analytic methods can provide precise statements about expected performance. They can thus determine which of 2 similarly performing systems is superior. For both a single query terms and for a multiple query term retrieval model, a model for comparing the performance of different probabilistic retrieval methods is developed. This method may be used in computing the average search length for a query, given only knowledge of database parameter values. Describes predictive models for inverse document frequency, binary independence, and relevance feedback based retrieval and filtering. Simulation illustrate how the single term model performs and sample performance predictions are given for single term and multiple term problems

Date

22. 2.1996 13:14:10

Source

Information processing and management. 31(1995) no.4, S.555-572

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Abstract

A thesaurus and an ontology provide a set of structured terms, phrases, and metadata, often in a hierarchical arrangement, that may be used to index, search, and mine documents. We describe the decisions that should be made when including a term, deciding whether a term should be subdivided into its subclasses, or determining which of more than one set of possible subclasses should be used. Based on retrospective measurements or estimates of future performance when using thesaurus terms in document ordering, decisions are made so as to maximize performance. These decisions may be used in the automatic construction of a thesaurus. The evaluation of an existing thesaurus is described, consistent with the decision criteria developed here. These kinds of user-focused decision-theoretic techniques may be applied to other hierarchical applications, such as faceted classification systems used in information architecture or the use of hierarchical terms in "breadcrumb navigation".

Source

Information processing and management. 43(2007) no.4, S.958-968

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.7, S.1330-1344

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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COMPASS

Information science

Series

Library and information science

Subject

Information science

Theme

Information

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Abstract

Information may be defined as the characteristics of the output of a process, these being informative about the process and the input. This discipline independent definition may be applied to all domains, from physics to epistemology. Hierarchies of processes linked together, provide a communication channel between each of the corresponding functions and layers in the hierarchies. Models of communication, perception, observation, belief, and knowledge are suggested that are consistent with this conceptual framework of information as the value of the output of any process in a hierarchy of processes. Misinformation and errors are considered

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.3, S.254-269

Theme

Information

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Abstract

Studies the performance of probabilistic information retrieval systems where differing statistical dependence assumptions are used when estimating the probabilities inherent in the retrieval model. Uses the Bahadur Lazarsfeld expansion model

Source

Information processing and management. 30(1994) no.2, S.293-303

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Abstract

There are regularities in the statistical information provided by natural language terms about neighboring terms. We find that when phrase rank increases, moving from common to less common phrases, the value of the expected mutual information measure (EMIM) between the terms regularly decreases. Luhn's model suggests that midrange terms are the best index terms and relevance discriminators. We suggest reasons for this principle based on the empirical relationships shown here between the rank of terms within phrases and the average mutual information between terms, which we refer to as the Inverse Representation- EMIM principle. We also suggest an Inverse EMIM term weight for indexing or retrieval applications that is consistent with Luhn's distribution. An information theoretic interpretation of Zipf's Law is provided. Using the regularity noted here, we suggest that Zipf's Law is a consequence of the statistical dependencies that exist between terms, described here using information theoretic concepts.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.12, S.1019-1025

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Abstract

When do information retrieval systems using two document clusters provide better retrieval performance than systems using no clustering? We answer this question for one set of assumptions and suggest how this may be studied with other assumptions. The "Cluster Hypothesis" asks an empirical question about the relationships between documents and user-supplied relevance judgments, while the "Cluster Performance Question" proposed here focuses an the when and why of information retrieval or digital library performance for clustered and unclustered text databases. This may be generalized to study the relative performance of m versus n clusters.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.1, S.106-108

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Abstract

State of the art review of the mechanisms of feedback in information retrieval (IR) in terms of feedback concepts and models in cybernetics and social sciences. Critically evaluates feedback research based on the traditional IR models and comparing the different approaches to automatic relevance feedback techniques, and feedback research within the framework of interactive IR models. Calls for an extension of the concept of feedback beyond relevance feedback to interactive feedback. Cites specific examples of feedback models used within IR research and presents 6 challenges to future research

Source

Annual review of information science and technology. 31(1996), S.33-78

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Abstract

A document classifier places documents together in a linear arrangement for browsing or high-speed access by human or computerised information retrieval systems. Requirements for document classification and browsing systems are developed from similarity measures, distance measures, and the notion of subject aboutness. A requirement that documents be arranged in decreasing order of similarity as the distance from a given document increases can often not be met. Based on these requirements, information-theoretic considerations, and the Gray code, a classification system is proposed that can classifiy documents without human intervention. A measure of classifier performance is developed, and used to evaluate experimental results comparing the distance between subject headings assigned to documents given classifications from the proposed system and the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) system

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 43(1992) no.4, S.312-322

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Abstract

Suggests a method for comparison of the use of Boolean queries and ranking documents using document and term weights, and examines their relative merits. The performance of information retrieval may be determined either by using experimental simulation, or through the application of analytic techniques that estimate the retrieval performance, given values for query and database characteristics. Using these performance predicting techniques, sample performance figures are provided for queries using the Boolean operators and, and or, as well as for probabilistic systems assuming statistical term independence or term dependence. Examines the performance of models failing to meet statistical and other assumptions

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.2, S.143-156

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Abstract

The variety of performance measures available for information retrieval systems, search engines, and network filtering agents can be confusing to both practitioners and scholars. Most discussions about these measures address their theoretical foundations and the characteristics of a measure that make it desirable for a particular application. In this work, we consider how measures of performance at a point in a search may be formally compared. Criteria are developed that allow one to determine the percent of time or conditions under which 2 different performance measures suggest that one document ordering is superior to another ordering, or when the 2 measures disagree about the relative value of document orderings. As an example, graphs provide illustrations of the relationships between precision and F

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.9, S.834-840

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.10, S.882-889

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Abstract

The use of terms from natural and social science titles and abstracts is studied from the perspective of sublanguages and their specialized dictionaries. Explores different notions of sublanguage distinctiveness. Object methods for separating hard and soft sciences are suggested based on measures of sublanguage use, dictionary characteristics, and sublanguage distinctiveness. Abstracts were automatically classified with a high degree of accuracy by using a formula that condsiders the degree of uniqueness of terms in each sublanguage. This may prove useful for text filtering of information retrieval systems

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.7, S.519-529

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Abstract

Relevance and economic feedback may be used to produce an ordering of documents that supports browsing in hypermedia and digital libraries. Document classification based on the Gray code provides paths through the entire collection, each path traversing each node in the set of documents exactly once. Examines systems organizing document based on weighted and unweighted Gray codes. Relevance feedback is used to conceptually organize the collection for an individual to browse, based on that individual's interests and information needs, as reflected by their relevance judgements and user supplied economic preferences. Applies Bayesian learning theory to estimating the characteristics of documents of interest to the user and supplying an analytic model of browsing performance, based on minimising the Expected Browsing Distance. Economic feedback may be used to change the ordering of documents to benefit the user. Using these techniques, a hypermedia or digital library may order any and all available documents, not just those examined, based on the information provided by the searcher or people with similar interests

Source

Information processing and management. 33(1997) no.2, S.175-192

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Abstract

Both structured and unstructured data, as well as structured data representing several different types of tuples, may be integrated into a single list for browsing or retrieval. Data may be arranged in the Gray code order of the features and metadata, producing optimal ordering for browsing. We provide several metrics for evaluating the performance of systems supporting browsing, given some constraints. Metadata and indexing terms are used for sorting keys and attributes for structured data, as well as for semi-structured or unstructured documents, images, media, etc. Economic and information theoretic models are suggested that enable the ordering to adapt to user preferences. Different relational structures and unstructured data may be integrated into a single, optimal ordering for browsing or for displaying tables in digital libraries, database management systems, or information retrieval systems. Adaptive displays of data are discussed.

Source

Information processing and management. 42(2006) no.2, S.440-452

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Abstract

Knowledge of window style, content, location, and grammatical structure may be used to classify documents as originating within a particular discipline or may be used to place a document on a theory vs. practice spectrum. Examines characteristics of phrases and text windows, including their number, location in documents, and grammatical construction, in addition to studying variations in these window characteristics across disciplines. Examines some of the linguistic regularities for individual disciplines, and suggests families of regularities that may provide helpful for the automatic classification of documents, as well as for information retrieval and filtering applications

Source

Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.6, S.747-767

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Abstract

A text window is a group of words appearing in contiguous positions in text used to exploit a variety of lexical, syntactics, and semantic relationships without having to analyze the text explicitely for their structure. This supports the previously suggested idea that natural grouping of words are best treated as a unit of size 7 to 11 words, that is, plus or minus 3 to 5 words. The text retrieval experiments varying the size of windows, both with full text and with stopwords removed, support these size ranges. The characteristcs of windows that best match terms in queries are examined in detail, revealing intersting differences between those for queries with good results and those for queries with poorer results. Queries with good results tend to contain morte content word phrase and few terms with high frequency of use in the database. Information retrieval systems may benefit from expanding thesaurus-style relationships or incorporating statistical dependencies for terms within these windows

Source

Information processing and management. 30(1994) no.5, S.619-629

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Source

Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.2, S.185-197

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Abstract

An analytic method of information retrieval and filtering evaluation can quantitatively predict the expected number of documents examined in retrieving a relevant document. It also allows researchers and practioners to qualitatively understand how varying different estimates of query parameter values affects retrieval performance. The incoorporation of relevance feedback to increase our knowledge about the parameters of relevant documents and the robustness of parameter estimates is modeled. Single term and two term independence models, as well as a complete term dependence model, are developed. An economic model of retrieval performance may be used to study the effects of database size and to provide analytic answers to questions comparing retrieval from small and large databases, as well as questions about the number of terms in a query. Results are presented as a performance surface, a three dimensional graph showing the effects of two independent variables on performance.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.1, S.95-105