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Abstract

Die Nutzung von Online-Datenbanken war bis vor kurzem einem relativ kleinen Kreis von Spezialisten überlassen. Online ist heute jedoch für viele bereits zum Schlagwort einer neuen Kompetenz geworden, die die Bedeutung der elektronischen Informationsgewinnung als selbstverständliche Grundlage einer zeitgemäßen Entscheidungsfindung erkenntn und nutzt

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Abstract

10 Jahre cogito bedeuten auch 10 Jahre Fachinformationspolitik, die ich in einigen Abschnitten in cogito bereits früher dargestellt habe. Zum Jubiläum möchte ich ihre wesentlichen Grundzüge aus meiner Sicht skizzieren und Rückblick und Ausblick diesmal an der Marktentwicklung, der Produktion, dem Angebot und der Nutzung darstellen, wie es sich in einer Zeitschrift für den Informationsmarkt und einer sich entwickelnden Informationsgesellschaft anbietet

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Abstract

Kaum jemand wird uns widersprechen, wenn wir sagen: Wir sind auf dem Weg zur Informationsgesellschaft. Vor zehn Jahren, als cogito gegründet wurde, war das schon genau so. Und wird es in weiteren 10 Jahren auch noch so sein? Wahrscheinlich! Wann wird sie endlich da sein, die Informationsgesellschaft? Wie sieht sie aus? Und was kommt danach? Wenn ich das wüßte!

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Content

As the team describe in a paper posted (http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.04951) on arXiv, they found that figures did indeed matter-but not all in the same way. An average paper in PubMed Central has about one diagram for every three pages and gets 1.67 citations. Papers with more diagrams per page and, to a lesser extent, plots per page tended to be more influential (on average, a paper accrued two more citations for every extra diagram per page, and one more for every extra plot per page). By contrast, including photographs and equations seemed to decrease the chances of a paper being cited by others. That agrees with a study from 2012, whose authors counted (by hand) the number of mathematical expressions in over 600 biology papers and found that each additional equation per page reduced the number of citations a paper received by 22%. This does not mean that researchers should rush to include more diagrams in their next paper. Dr Howe has not shown what is behind the effect, which may merely be one of correlation, rather than causation. It could, for example, be that papers with lots of diagrams tend to be those that illustrate new concepts, and thus start a whole new field of inquiry. Such papers will certainly be cited a lot. On the other hand, the presence of equations really might reduce citations. Biologists (as are most of those who write and read the papers in PubMed Central) are notoriously mathsaverse. If that is the case, looking in a physics archive would probably produce a different result.
Dr Howe and his colleagues do, however, believe that the study of diagrams can result in new insights. A figure showing new metabolic pathways in a cell, for example, may summarise hundreds of experiments. Since illustrations can convey important scientific concepts in this way, they think that browsing through related figures from different papers may help researchers come up with new theories. As Dr Howe puts it, "the unit of scientific currency is closer to the figure than to the paper." With this thought in mind, the team have created a website (viziometrics.org (http://viziometrics.org/) ) where the millions of images sorted by their program can be searched using key words. Their next plan is to extract the information from particular types of scientific figure, to create comprehensive "super" figures: a giant network of all the known chemical processes in a cell for example, or the best-available tree of life. At just one such superfigure per paper, though, the citation records of articles containing such all-embracing diagrams may very well undermine the correlation that prompted their creation in the first place. Call it the ultimate marriage of chart and science.

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Abstract

10 Jahre cogito lassen auch uns auf diesen in der Branche langen Zeitraum zurückblicken. Der Informationsmarkt 1985 war noch gut überschaubar und von der PSI noch gar nicht als attraktiv erkannt. Doch schon zu diesem Zeitpunkt machten wir uns Gedanken über die Verarbeitung von unstrukturierten Informationen, da mehrere Nachrichtenverteilsysteme für größere Behörden relalisiert wurden. Die Wünsche der Benutzer waren mit herkömmlichen Datenbanken nur schwer zu realisieren oder die Zugriffszeiten zu lang

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Abstract

Increased competition has forced many industries to cut production costs, to reduce the time needed to bring products to market, and to better satisfy customer needs. Furthermore, the internationalization of business has caused an enormous increase in the need for communication and information exchange. Describes how SGML, when considered as an integral part of company's information system, can help meet these challenges and in so doing provide competitive advantage

Source

Managing information. 2(1995) no.3, S.25-27