-
Huvila, I.: Mining qualitative data on human information behaviour from the Web (2010)
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses an approach of collecting qualitative data on human information behaviour that is based on mining web data using search engines. The approach is technically the same that has been used for some time in webometric research to make statistical inferences on web data, but the present paper shows how the same tools and data collecting methods can be used to gather data for qualitative data analysis on human information behaviour.
- Series
- Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.58
- Source
- Information und Wissen: global, sozial und frei? Proceedings des 12. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2011) ; Hildesheim, 9. - 11. März 2011. Hrsg.: J. Griesbaum, T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
-
Mandl, T.; Schulz, J.M.; Marholz, N.; Werner, K.: Benutzerforschung anhand von Log-Dateien : Chancen Grenzen und aktuelle Trends (2011)
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- Abstract
- Die Analyse des Verhaltens von Benutzern von Informationssystemen stellt einen Kern der Informationswissenschaft dar. Die Sammlung von umfangreichen Verhaltensdaten fällt mit den heutigen technischen Möglichkeiten leicht. Der Artikel fasst Möglichkeiten und Chancen der Analyse von Log-Dateien zusammen. Der Track LogCLEF wird vorgestellt, der Forschern erstmals die Möglichkeit eröffnet, mit den denselben Log-Dateien und somit vergleichend arbeiten zu können. Die Datengrundlage und einige Ergebnisse von LogCLEF werden vorgestellt.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 62(2011) H.1, S.29-35
-
Bank, C.: ¬Die Usability von Online-Wörterbüchern und elektronischen Sprachportalen (2012)
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- Abstract
- Die Arbeit untersucht die Usability von Online-Wörterbüchern und elektronischen Sprachportalen und soll eine Brücke zwischen der Usability von Websites hinsichtlich softwareergonomischer Normen und Konventionen und Wörterbüchern in elektronischer Form schlagen. Die einzige Usability-Methode, mit der es möglich ist, konkrete und empirisch belegte Aussagen darüber zu treffen, wie potentielle Nutzer ein Online-Wörterbuch verwenden und welche Probleme dabei festgestellt werden, ist ein Usability- Test mit realen Benutzern. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand dient das Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch (Owid), die Base lexicale du français (BLF) und das elektronische Lernerwörterbuch Deutsch-Italienisch (Eldit). Die Arbeit setzt sich aus vier verschiedenen empirischen Studien zusammen. Da ein Usability-Test immer nur einen Ausschnitt an Funktionalitäten aus einem gesamten System widerspiegeln kann, wurden mithilfe einer empirischen Fragebogen-Studie zunächst die für den Benutzer wichtigsten und am meisten verwendeten Funktionen eines Online-Wörterbuchs identifiziert und als Grundlage für den Test gewählt. Eine anschließende heuristische Evaluation trug potentielle Usability-Probleme der drei Online- Wörterbücher zusammen und stellte die Grundlage für die Thesenstellung des Usability-Tests dar. Der Test setzte sich aus zwei empirischen Teilen zusammen: Einem Aufgabenteil, den die Testperson für jedes der drei Online-Wörterbüchern einzeln bearbeiten und dabei die Testmethode des lauten Denkens anwenden musste und einem Post-Test- Fragebogen, der direkt nach dem Bearbeiten des jeweiligen Aufgabenkatalogs ausgefüllt wurde. Der gesamte Test wurde mit Morae, einer Software u. a. für Software- und Website- Usability-Tests, durchgeführt und ausgewertet.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 63(2012) H.6, S.345-360
-
Stallmann, A.: Silver Surfer im Internet (2012)
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- Abstract
- Deutschland unterliegt einem demographischen Wandel, der Anteil der über 50-Jährigen nimmt deutlich zu. Internetnutzer mit einem Alter von 50 Jahren oder älter werden als Silver Surfer bezeichnet. Im Zuge der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung gilt der kompetente Umgang mit dem Internet als Schlüsselqualifikation zur Erleichterung und Bereicherung des Lebens. Es werden Ergebnisse einer Befragung vorgestellt, die zu beantworten versucht, ob und in welchem Umfang Silver Surfer über Kompetenz im Umgang mit dem Internet verfügen. Bei der Befragung findet der Persona-Ansatz aus dem Bereich der Softwareentwicklung Anwendung. Ergebnis der Studie ist, dass die Generation 50+ unterschiedliche Interneterfahrungen aufweist und nicht als homogene Gruppe betrachtet werden kann.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 63(2012) H.4, S.217-226
-
Knautz, K.; Dröge, E.; Finkelmeyer, S.; Guschauski, D.; Juchem, K.; Krzmyk, C.; Miskovic, D.; Schiefer, J.; Sen, E.; Verbina, J.; Werner, N.; Stock, W.G.: Indexieren von Emotionen bei Videos (2010)
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- Abstract
- Gegenstand der empirischen Forschungsarbeit sind dargestellte wie empfundene Gefühle bei Videos. Sind Nutzer in der Lage, solche Gefühle derart konsistent zu erschließen, dass man deren Angaben für ein emotionales Videoretrieval gebrauchen kann? Wir arbeiten mit einem kontrollierten Vokabular für neun tionen (Liebe, Freude, Spaß, Überraschung, Sehnsucht, Trauer, Ärger, Ekel und Angst), einem Schieberegler zur Einstellung der jeweiligen Intensität des Gefühls und mit dem Ansatz der broad Folksonomy, lassen also unterschiedliche Nutzer die Videos taggen. Versuchspersonen bekamen insgesamt 20 Videos (bearbeitete Filme aus YouTube) vorgelegt, deren Emotionen sie indexieren sollten. Wir erhielten Angaben von 776 Probanden und entsprechend 279.360 Schiebereglereinstellungen. Die Konsistenz der Nutzervoten ist sehr hoch; die Tags führen zu stabilen Verteilungen der Emotionen für die einzelnen Videos. Die endgültige Form der Verteilungen wird schon bei relativ wenigen Nutzern (unter 100) erreicht. Es ist möglich, im Sinne der Power Tags die jeweils für ein Dokument zentralen Gefühle (soweit überhaupt vorhanden) zu separieren und für das emotionale Information Retrieval (EmIR) aufzubereiten.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 61(2010) H.4, S.221-236
-
Werner, K.: das Confirmation/Disconfirmation-Paradigma der Kundenzufriedenheit im Kontext des Information Retrieval : Größere Zufriedenheit durch bessere Suchmaschinen? (2010)
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- Abstract
- In der vorgestellten Studie aus dem Bereich des interaktiven Information Retrieval wurde erstmals die Erwartungshaltung von Suchmaschinennutzern als mögliche Determinante der Benutzerzufriedenheit untersucht. Das experimentelle Untersuchungsdesign basiert auf einem betriebswirtschaftlichen Modell, das die Entstehung von Kundenzufriedenheit durch die Bestätigung bzw. Nicht-Bestätigung von Erwartungen erklärt. Ein zentrales Ergebnis dieser Studie ist, das bei der Messung von Benutzerzufriedenheit besonders auf den Messzeitpunkt zu achten ist. Des Weiteren konnte ein von der Systemgüte abhängiger Adaptionseffekt hinsichtlich der Relevanzbewertung der Benutzer nachgewiesen werden.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 61(2010) H.6/7, S.385-396
-
Okoli, C.; Mehdi, M.; Mesgari, M.; Nielsen, F.A.; Lanamäki, A.: Wikipedia in the eyes of its beholders : a systematic review of scholarly research on Wikipedia readers and readership (2014)
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- Abstract
- Hundreds of scholarly studies have investigated various aspects of Wikipedia. Although a number of literature reviews have provided overviews of this vast body of research, none has specifically focused on the readers of Wikipedia and issues concerning its readership. In this systematic literature review, we review 99 studies to synthesize current knowledge regarding the readership of Wikipedia and provide an analysis of research methods employed. The scholarly research has found that Wikipedia is popular not only for lighter topics such as entertainment but also for more serious topics such as health and legal information. Scholars, librarians, and students are common users, and Wikipedia provides a unique opportunity for educating students in digital literacy. We conclude with a summary of key findings, implications for researchers, and implications for the Wikipedia community.
- Date
- 18.11.2014 13:22:03
- Series
- Advances in information science
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.12, S.2381-2403
-
Mizrachi, D.; Bates, M.J.: Undergraduates' personal academic information management and the consideration of time and task-urgency (2013)
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- Abstract
- Young undergraduate college students are often described as "digital natives," presumed to prefer living and working in completely digital information environments. In reality, their world is part-paper/part-digital, in constant transition among successive forms of digital storage and communication devices. Studying for a degree is the daily work of these young people, and effective management of paper and digital academic materials and resources contributes crucially to their success in life. Students must also constantly manage their work against deadlines to meet their course and university requirements. This study, following the "Personal Information Management" (PIM) paradigm, examines student academic information management under these various constraints and pressures. A total of 41 18- to 22-year-old students were interviewed and observed regarding the content, structure, and uses of their immediate working environment within their dormitory rooms. Students exhibited remarkable creativity and variety in the mixture of automated and manual resources and devices used to support their academic work. The demands of a yearlong procession of assignments, papers, projects, and examinations increase the importance of time management activities and influence much of their behavior. Results provide insights on student use of various kinds of information technology and their overall planning and management of information associated with their studies.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.8, S.1590-1607
-
Monchaux, S.; Amadieu, F.; Chevalier, A.; Mariné, C.: Query strategies during information searching : effects of prior domain knowledge and complexity of the information problems to be solved (2015)
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- Abstract
- This study addresses the impact of domain expertise (i.e. of prior knowledge of the domain) on the performance and query strategies used by users while searching for information. Twenty-four experts (psychology students) and 24 non-experts (students from other disciplines) had to search for psychology information from the Universalis website in order to perform six information problems of varying complexity: two simple problems (the keywords required to complete the task were provided in the problem statement), two more difficult problems (the keywords required had to be inferred) and two impossible problems (no answer was provided by the website). The results showed that participants with prior knowledge in the domain (experts in psychology) performed better (i.e. reached more correct answers after shorter search times) than non-experts. This difference was stronger as the complexity of the problems increased. This study also showed that experts and non-experts displayed different query strategies. Experts reformulated the impossible problems more often than non-experts, because they produced new queries with psychology-related keywords. The participants rarely used thematic category tool and when they did so this did not enhance their performance.
- Date
- 25. 1.2016 18:46:22
- Source
- Information processing and management. 51(2015) no.5, S.557-569
-
Aloteibi, S.; Sanderson, M.: Analyzing geographic query reformulation : an exploratory study (2014)
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- Abstract
- Search engine users typically engage in multiquery sessions in their quest to fulfill their information needs. Despite a plethora of research findings suggesting that a significant group of users look for information within a specific geographical scope, existing reformulation studies lack a focused analysis of how users reformulate geographic queries. This study comprehensively investigates the ways in which users reformulate such needs in an attempt to fill this gap in the literature. Reformulated sessions were sampled from a query log of a major search engine to extract 2,400 entries that were manually inspected to filter geo sessions. This filter identified 471 search sessions that included geographical intent, and these sessions were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results revealed that one in five of the users who reformulated their queries were looking for geographically related information. They reformulated their queries by changing the content of the query rather than the structure. Users were not following a unified sequence of modifications and instead performed a single reformulation action. However, in some cases it was possible to anticipate their next move. A number of tasks in geo modifications were identified, including standard, multi-needs, multi-places, and hybrid approaches. The research concludes that it is important to specialize query reformulation studies to focus on particular query types rather than generically analyzing them, as it is apparent that geographic queries have their special reformulation characteristics.
- Date
- 26. 1.2014 18:48:22
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.1, S.13-24
-
Westman, S.; Laine-Hernandez, M.; Oittinen, P.: Development and evaluation of a multifaceted magazine image categorization model (2011)
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- Abstract
- The development of visual retrieval methods requires information about user interaction with images, including their description and categorization. This article presents the development of a categorization model for magazine images based on two user studies. In Study 1, we elicited 10 main classes of magazine image categorization criteria through sorting tasks with nonexpert and expert users (N=30). Multivariate methods, namely, multidimensional scaling and hierarchical clustering, were used to analyze similarity data. Content analysis of category names gave rise to classes that were synthesized into a categorization framework. The framework was evaluated in Study 2 by experts (N=24) who categorized another set of images consistent with the framework and found it to be useful in the task. Based on the evaluation study the framework was solidified into a model for categorizing magazine imagery. Connections between classes were analyzed both from the original sorting data and from the evaluation study and included into the final model. The model is a practical categorization tool that may be used in workplaces, such as magazine editorial offices. It may also serve to guide the development of computational methods for image understanding, selection of concepts for automatic detection, and approaches to support browsing and exploratory image search.
- Date
- 22. 1.2011 14:09:26
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 62(2011) no.2, S.295-313
-
Griesbaum, J.; Mahrholz, N.; Kiedrowski, K. von Löwe; Rittberger, M.: Knowledge generation in online forums : a case study in the German educational domain (2015)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to get a first approximation of the usefulness of online forums with regard to information seeking and knowledge generation. Design/methodology/approach - This study captures the characteristics of knowledge generation by examining the pragmatics and types of information needs of posted questions and by investigating knowledge related characteristics of discussion posts as well as the success of communication. Three online forums were examined. The data set consists of 55 threads, containing 533 posts which were categorized manually by two researchers. Findings - Results show that questioners often ask for personal estimations. Information needs often aim for actionable insights or uncertainty reduction. With regard to answers, factual information is the dominant content type and has the highest knowledge value as it is the strongest predictor with regard to the generation of new knowledge. Opinions are also relevant, but in a rather subsequent and complementary way. Emotional aspects are scarcely observed. Overall, results indicate that knowledge creation predominantly follows a socio-cultural paradigm of knowledge exchange. Research limitations/implications - Although the investigation captures important aspects of knowledge building processes, the measurement of the forums' knowledge value is still rather limited. Success is only partly measurable with the current scheme. The central coding category "new topical knowledge" is only of nominal value and therefore not able to compare different kinds of knowledge gains in the course of discussion. Originality/value - The investigation reaches out beyond studies that do not consider that the role and relevance of posts is dependent on the state of the discussion. Furthermore, the paper integrates two perspectives of knowledge value: the success of the questioner with regard to the expressed information need and the knowledge building value for communicants and readers.
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
- Source
- Aslib journal of information management. 67(2015) no.1, S.2-26
-
Beaudoin, J.E.: Content-based image retrieval methods and professional image users (2016)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2016 12:32:25
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 67(2016) no.2, S.350-365
-
Heller, L.: Ergebnisse der Benutzerumfrage "Literaturverwaltung - Was ich benutze und was ich brauche", TIB/UB Hannover 2011 (2011)
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- Footnote
- Vgl. auch: http://www.tib.uni-hannover.de/de/aktuelles/aktuell/newsdetail/article/citavi-endnote-zotero-und-co/62.html.
-
Borlund, P.; Dreier, S.: ¬An investigation of the search behaviour associated with Ingwersen's three types of information needs (2014)
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- Abstract
- We report a naturalistic interactive information retrieval (IIR) study of 18 ordinary users in the age of 20-25 who carry out everyday-life information seeking (ELIS) on the Internet with respect to the three types of information needs identified by Ingwersen (1986): the verificative information need (VIN), the conscious topical information need (CIN), and the muddled topical information need (MIN). The searches took place in the private homes of the users in order to ensure as realistic searching as possible. Ingwersen (1996) associates a given search behaviour to each of the three types of information needs, which are analytically deduced, but not yet empirically tested. Thus the objective of the study is to investigate whether empirical data does, or does not, conform to the predictions derived from the three types of information needs. The main conclusion is that the analytically deduced information search behaviour characteristics by Ingwersen are positively corroborated for this group of test participants who search the Internet as part of ELIS.
- Source
- Information processing and management. 50(2014) no.4, S.493-507
-
Niu, X.; Hemminger, B.M.: ¬A study of factors that affect the information-seeking behavior of academic scientists (2012)
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- Abstract
- In an effort to understand how academic scientists seek information relevant to their research in today's environment of ubiquitous electronic access, a correlation framework is built and regression analysis is applied to the survey results from 2,063 academic researchers in natural science, engineering, and medical science at five research universities in the United States. Previous work has reported descriptive statistics about these scientists' information-seeking behavior. This study extends that work to examine relationships between scientists' information-seeking behaviors and their personal and environmental factors. Several regression models, including the Poisson model, the logit model, and the ordered logit model, are built to interpret the correlation among scientists' behaviors. In addition, exploratory factor analysis is used for data reduction. Overall, many factors were found to affect the specific information-seeking behaviors of scientists, including demographic, psychological, role-related, and environmental factors. Of the factors having an effect, academic position was the most important determinant of information behavior.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.2, S.336-353
-
Savolainen, R.: Judging the quality and credibility of information in Internet discussion forums (2011)
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- Abstract
- This exploratory study contributes to research on relevance assessment by specifying criteria that are used in the judgment of information quality and credibility in Internet discussion forums. To this end, 4,739 messages posted to 160 Finnish discussion threads were analyzed. Of the messages, 20.5% contained explicit judgments of the quality of information and credibility in other messages. In the judgments, the forum participants employed both positive criteria such as validity of information and negative criteria such as dishonesty in argumentation. In the evaluation of the quality of the message's information content, the most frequently used criteria pertained to the usefulness, correctness, and specificity of information. In the judgment of information credibility, the main criteria included the reputation, expertise, and honesty of the author of the message. Since Internet discussion forums tend to emphasize the role of disputational discourse questioning rather than accepting the views presented by others, mainly negative criteria were used in the judgments. The generality of our claims is limited because we chose forums that focused on sensitive and value-laden topics; future work could explore credibility and quality judgment in other forums and forumlike venues such as question and answer sites as well as exploring how quality and credibility judgments interact with other aspects of forum use.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 62(2011) no.7, S.1243-1256
- Theme
- Information
-
Nicholas, D.; Clark, D.; Rowlands, I.; Jamali, H.R.: Information on the go : a case study of Europeana mobile users (2013)
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- Abstract
- According to estimates the mobile device will soon be the main platform for searching the web, and yet our knowledge of how mobile consumers use information, and how that differs from desktops/laptops users, is imperfect. The paper sets out to correct this through an analysis of the logs of a major cultural website, Europeana. The behavior of nearly 70,000 mobile users was examined over a period of more than a year and compared with that for PC users of the same site and for the same period. The analyses conducted include: size and growth of use, time patterns of use; geographical location of users, digital collections used; comparative information-seeking behavior using dashboard metrics, clustering of users according to their information seeking, and user satisfaction. The main findings were that mobile users were the fastest-growing group and will rise rapidly to a million by December 2012 and that their visits were very different in the aggregate from those arising from fixed platforms. Mobile visits could be described as being information "lite": typically shorter, less interactive, and less content viewed per visit. Use took a social rather than office pattern, with mobile use peaking at nights and weekends. The variation between different mobile devices was large, with information seeking on the iPad similar to that for PCs and laptops and that for smartphones very different indeed. The research further confirms that information-seeking behavior is platform-specific and the latest platforms are changing it all again. Websites will have to adapt.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.7, S.1311-1322
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Vuong, T.; Saastamoinen, M.; Jacucci, G.; Ruotsalo, T.: Understanding user behavior in naturalistic information search tasks (2019)
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- Abstract
- Understanding users' search behavior has largely relied on the information available from search engine logs, which provide limited information about the contextual factors affecting users' behavior. Consequently, questions such as how users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the users' tasks affect search behavior, as well as what triggers information needs, remain largely unanswered. We report an experiment in which naturalistic information search behavior was captured by analyzing 24/7 continuous recordings of information on participants' computer screens. Written task diaries describing the participants' tasks were collected and used as real-life task contexts for further categorization. All search tasks were extracted and classified under various task categories according to users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the tasks. We investigated the effect of different task categories on three behavioral factors: search efforts, content-triggers, and application context. Our results suggest four findings: (i) Search activity is integrally associated with the users' creative processes. The content users have seen prior to searching more often triggers search, and is used as a query, within creative tasks. (ii) Searching within intellectual and creative tasks is more time-intensive, while search activity occurring as a part of daily routine tasks is associated with more frequent searching within a search task. (iii) Searching is more often induced from utility applications in tasks demanding a degree of intellectual effort. (iv) Users' leisure information-seeking activity is occurring inherently within social media services or comes from social communication platforms. The implications of our findings for information access and management systems are discussed.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.11, S.1248-1261
-
MacFarlane, A.; Al-Wabil, A.; Marshall, C.R.; Albrair, A.; Jones, S.A.; Zaphiris, P.: ¬The effect of dyslexia on information retrieval : a pilot study (2010)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to resolve a gap in the knowledge of how people with dyslexia interact with information retrieval (IR) systems, specifically an understanding of their information-searching behaviour. Design/methodology/approach - The dyslexia cognitive profile is used to design a logging system, recording the difference between two sets of participants: dyslexic and control users. A standard Okapi interface is used - together with two standard TREC topics - in order to record the information searching behaviour of these users. Findings - Using the log data, the differences in information-searching behaviour of control and dyslexic users, i.e. in the way the two groups interact with Okapi, are established and it also established that qualitative information collected (such as experience etc.) may not be able to account for these differences. Evidence from query variables was unable to distinguish between groups, but differences on topic for the same variables were recorded. Users who view more documents tended to judge more documents as being relevant, in terms of either the user group or topic. Session data indicated that there may be an important difference between the number of iterations used in a search between the user groups, as there may be little effect from the topic on this variable. Originality/value - This is the first study of the effect of dyslexia on information search behaviour, and it provides some evidence to take the field forward.
