-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Gartner, R.: Metadata in the digital library : building an integrated strategy with XML (2021)
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- Abstract
- The range of metadata needed to run a digital library and preserve its collections in the long term is much more extensive and complicated than anything in its traditional counterpart. It includes the same 'descriptive' information which guides users to the resources they require but must supplement this with comprehensive 'administrative' metadata: this encompasses technical details of the files that make up its collections, the documentation of complex intellectual property rights and the extensive set needed to support its preservation in the long-term. To accommodate all of this requires the use of multiple metadata standards, all of which have to be brought together into a single integrated whole.
- Classification
- AN 73700: Digitale Bibliothek / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
- Content
- Inhalt: 1 Introduction, Aims and Definitions -- 1.1 Origins -- 1.2 From information science to libraries -- 1.3 The central place of metadata -- 1.4 The book in outline -- 2 Metadata Basics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Three types of metadata -- 2.2.1 Descriptive metadata -- 2.2.2 Administrative metadata -- 2.2.3 Structural metadata -- 2.3 The core components of metadata -- 2.3.1 Syntax -- 2.3.2 Semantics -- 2.3.3 Content rules -- 2.4 Metadata standards -- 2.5 Conclusion -- 3 Planning a Metadata Strategy: Basic Principles -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Principle 1: Support all stages of the digital curation lifecycle -- 3.3 Principle 2: Support the long-term preservation of the digital object -- 3.4 Principle 3: Ensure interoperability -- 3.5 Principle 4: Control metadata content wherever possible -- 3.6 Principle 5: Ensure software independence -- 3.7 Principle 6: Impose a logical system of identifiers -- 3.8 Principle 7: Use standards whenever possible -- 3.9 Principle 8: Ensure the integrity of the metadata itself -- 3.10 Summary: the basic principles of a metadata strategy -- 4 Planning a Metadata Strategy: Applying the Basic Principles -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Initial steps: standards as a foundation -- 4.2.1 'Off-the shelf' standards -- 4.2.2 Mapping out an architecture and serialising it into a standard -- 4.2.3 Devising a local metadata scheme -- 4.2.4 How standards support the basic principles -- 4.3 Identifiers: everything in its place -- 5 XML: The Syntactical Foundation of Metadata -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 What XML looks like -- 5.3 XML schemas -- 5.4 Namespaces -- 5.5 Creating and editing XML -- 5.6 Transforming XML -- 5.7 Why use XML? -- 6 METS: The Metadata Package -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Why use METS?.
- RVK
- AN 73700: Digitale Bibliothek / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
-
Cooke, N.A.; Kitzie, V.L.: Outsiders-within-Library and Information Science : reprioritizing the marginalized in critical sociocultural work (2021)
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- Date
- 18. 9.2021 13:22:27
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Series
- Special issue: Paradigm shift in the field of information
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 72(2021) no.10, S.1285-1294
- Theme
- Information
-
Vakkari, P.; Järvelin, K.; Chang, Y.-W.: ¬The association of disciplinary background with the evolution of topics and methods in Library and Information Science research 1995-2015 (2023)
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- Abstract
- The paper reports a longitudinal analysis of the topical and methodological development of Library and Information Science (LIS). Its focus is on the effects of researchers' disciplines on these developments. The study extends an earlier cross-sectional study (Vakkari et al., Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2022a, 73, 1706-1722) by a coordinated dataset representing a content analysis of articles published in 31 scholarly LIS journals in 1995, 2005, and 2015. It is novel in its coverage of authors' disciplines, topical and methodological aspects in a coordinated dataset spanning two decades thus allowing trend analysis. The findings include a shrinking trend in the share of LIS from 67 to 36% while Computer Science, and Business and Economics increase their share from 9 and 6% to 21 and 16%, respectively. The earlier cross-sectional study (Vakkari et al., Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2022a, 73, 1706-1722) for the year 2015 identified three topical clusters of LIS research, focusing on topical subfields, methodologies, and contributing disciplines. Correspondence analysis confirms their existence already in 1995 and traces their development through the decades. The contributing disciplines infuse their concepts, research questions, and approaches to LIS and may also subsume vital parts of LIS in their own structures of knowledge production.
- Date
- 22. 6.2023 18:15:06
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 74(2023) no.7, S.811-827
-
Santos Green, L.; Johnston, M.P.: ¬A contextualization of editorial misconduct in the library and information science academic information ecosystem (2022)
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- Abstract
- In the last decade, one of the most effective tools applied in combating the erosion of public trust in academic research has been an increased level of transparency in the peer review and editorial process. Publicly available publication ethics guidelines and policies are vital in creating a transparent process that prevents unethical research, publication misconduct, manipulation of the communication of research to practitioners, and the erosion of public trust. This study investigated how these unethical practices, specifically those coded as editorial misconduct, bring the authenticity and integrity of the library and information science academic research digital record into question. Employing a multi-layered approach, including key informant interviews, researchers determined the frequency and the content of ethical publishing policies and procedures in library and information science journals; exploring the ways the lack of, or nonadherence to these policies and procedures impacted library and information science researchers in instances of editorial misconduct.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.7, S.913-928
-
Libraries, archives and museums as democratic spaces in a digital age (2020)
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- BK
- 06.60 (Bibliotheksbenutzung)
- Classification
- 06.60 (Bibliotheksbenutzung)
- Series
- Current topics in library and information practice
-
Vakkari, P.; Chang, Y.-W.; Järvelin, K.: Disciplinary contributions to research topics and methodology in Library and Information Science : leading to fragmentation? (2022)
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- Abstract
- The study analyses contributions to Library and Information Science (LIS) by researchers representing various disciplines. How are such contributions associated with the choice of research topics and methodology? The study employs a quantitative content analysis of articles published in 31 scholarly LIS journals in 2015. Each article is seen as a contribution to LIS by the authors' disciplines, which are inferred from their affiliations. The unit of analysis is the article-discipline pair. Of the contribution instances, the share of LIS is one third. Computer Science contributes one fifth and Business and Economics one sixth. The latter disciplines dominate the contributions in information retrieval, information seeking, and scientific communication indicating strong influences in LIS. Correspondence analysis reveals three clusters of research, one focusing on traditional LIS with contributions from LIS and Humanities and survey-type research; another on information retrieval with contributions from Computer Science and experimental research; and the third on scientific communication with contributions from Natural Sciences and Medicine and citation analytic research. The strong differentiation of scholarly contributions in LIS hints to the fragmentation of LIS as a discipline.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.12, S.1706-1722
-
Peset, F.; Garzón-Farinós, F.; González, L.M.; García-Massó, X.; Ferrer-Sapena, A.; Toca-Herrera, J.L.; Sánchez-Pérez, E.A.: Survival analysis of author keywords : an application to the library and information sciences area (2020)
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- Abstract
- Our purpose is to adapt a statistical method for the analysis of discrete numerical series to the keywords appearing in scientific articles of a given area. As an example, we apply our methodological approach to the study of the keywords in the Library and Information Sciences (LIS) area. Our objective is to detect the new author keywords that appear in a fixed knowledge area in the period of 1 year in order to quantify the probabilities of survival for 10 years as a function of the impact of the journals where they appeared. Many of the new keywords appearing in the LIS field are ephemeral. Actually, more than half are never used again. In general, the terms most commonly used in the LIS area come from other areas. The average survival time of these keywords is approximately 3 years, being slightly higher in the case of words that were published in journals classified in the second quartile of the area. We believe that measuring the appearance and disappearance of terms will allow understanding some relevant aspects of the evolution of a discipline, providing in this way a new bibliometric approach.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 71(2020) no.4, S.462-473
-
Järvelin, K.; Vakkari, P.: LIS research across 50 years: content analysis of journal articles : offering an information-centric conception of memes (2022)
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- Abstract
- Purpose This paper analyses the research in Library and Information Science (LIS) and reports on (1) the status of LIS research in 2015 and (2) on the evolution of LIS research longitudinally from 1965 to 2015. Design/methodology/approach The study employs a quantitative intellectual content analysis of articles published in 30+ scholarly LIS journals, following the design by Tuomaala et al. (2014). In the content analysis, we classify articles along eight dimensions covering topical content and methodology. Findings The topical findings indicate that the earlier strong LIS emphasis on L&I services has declined notably, while scientific and professional communication has become the most popular topic. Information storage and retrieval has given up its earlier strong position towards the end of the years analyzed. Individuals are increasingly the units of observation. End-user's and developer's viewpoints have strengthened at the cost of intermediaries' viewpoint. LIS research is methodologically increasingly scattered since survey, scientometric methods, experiment, case studies and qualitative studies have all gained in popularity. Consequently, LIS may have become more versatile in the analysis of its research objects during the years analyzed. Originality/value Among quantitative intellectual content analyses of LIS research, the study is unique in its scope: length of analysis period (50 years), width (8 dimensions covering topical content and methodology) and depth (the annual batch of 30+ scholarly journals).
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
-
Buschman, J.: ¬The public sphere without democracy : some recent work in LIS (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and re-direct recent schematic and empirical scholarship on Habermas' theory of the public sphere in library and information science (LIS). Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a critical analysis of the relevant literature in light of Habermas' origination and use/purpose of the public sphere concept. Findings The authors examined here produced a schematic operationalization of the public sphere that thinned the concept, but in turn, that schematization has produced insight into the civil society functions and communications of libraries, both within and without. For this work to be meaningful, the considerations and contexts of democratic society must be reinserted. Research limitations/implications Further explorations of the relationship between the public sphere and civil society as they are manifested around and in libraries is called for. Additionally, Weigand's approach to producing data/evidence on the public sphere and libraries should be furthered. Practical implications Understanding the role and function of libraries in democratic societies is essential for libraries to play a productive democratic role in those societies and thus, in guiding them. Social implications This paper helps to situate the bewildering circumstances of libraries who face both popular support and broad political-social questioning of their role and place. Originality/value This paper arguably interjects a more sophisticated and nuanced theoretical picture of the public sphere than prior precis presented in the LIS literature have undertaken. It also engages a unique set of empirical-theoretical students from another perspective in order to deepen and shift that research discourse.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Theme
- Information
-
Zhang, L.: ¬The knowledge organization education within and beyond the master of library and information science (2023)
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- Abstract
- By analyzing 63 English-speaking institutions that offer ALA-accredited master's programs in library and information studies, this research aims to explore the education for knowledge organization (KO) at different levels and across fields. This research examines the KO courses that are the required courses and elective courses in the MLIS programs, that are offered in other master's programs and graduate certificate programs, that are adapted to the undergraduate degree and certificate programs, and that are particularly developed for programs other than MLIS. The findings indicate that the great majority of MLIS programs still have a focus on or a significant component of knowledge organization as their required course and include the knowledge organization elective courses, particularly library cataloging and classification, on their curriculum. However, there is a variety of the offerings of KO related courses across the programs in an institution or in the same program across the institutions. It shows a promising trend that the traditional and new KO courses play an important role in many other programs, at different levels and across fields. With the conventional, adapted, or innovative content, these courses demonstrate that the principles and skills of knowledge organization are applicable to a wide variety of settings, can be integrated with other disciplinary knowledge and emerging technologies, and meet the needs of different career pathways and groups of learners.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
-
Dewey, S.H.: Foucault's toolbox : use of Foucault's writings in LIS journal literature, 1990-2016 (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose To provide a close, detailed analysis of the frequency, nature, and depth of visible use of Michel Foucault's works by library and information science/studies (LIS) scholars. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted extensive full-text searches in a large number of electronically available LIS journal databases to find citations of Foucault's works, then examined each cited article to evaluate the nature and depth of use. Findings Most uses of Foucault are brief or in passing. In-depth explorations of Foucault's works are comparatively rare and relatively little-used by other LIS scholars. Yet the relatively brief uses of Foucault encompass a wide array of different topics spread across a wide spectrum of LIS journal literature. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to articles from particular relatively prominent LIS journals. Results might vary if different journals or non-journal literature were studied. More sophisticated bibliometric techniques might reveal different relative performance among journals and might better test, confirm, or reject various patterns and relationships found here. Other research approaches, such as discourse analysis, social network analysis, or scholar interviews, might reveal patterns of use and influence not visible in this literature sample. Originality/value This intensive study of both quality and quantity of citations may challenge some existing assumptions regarding citation analysis, plus illuminating Foucault scholarship. It also indicates possible problems for future application of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to similar depth-of-use studies.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
-
Aral, S.: ¬The hype machine : how social media disrupts our elections, our economy, and our health - and how we must adapt (2020)
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- BK
- 05.20 Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
05.30 Massenkommunikation Massenmedien: Allgemeines
83.00 (Volkswirtschaft: Allgemeines)
- Classification
- 05.20 Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
05.30 Massenkommunikation Massenmedien: Allgemeines
83.00 (Volkswirtschaft: Allgemeines)
- LCSH
- Information society
- Subject
- Information society
-
Information between Data and Knowledge : Information Science and its Neighbours from Data Science to Digital Humanities. Information zwischen Daten und Wissen. Die Informationswissenschaft und ihre Nachbarn von Data Science bis Digital Humanities. Proceedings to ISI 2021 (2021)
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- Abstract
- In ihrem Vorwort nehmen die Herausgeber Thomas Schmidt und Christian Wolff eine Art Vorbewertung der ISI 2021 vor. Mit zwei Jahren Verspätung ist das "16. Internationale Symposion für Informationswissenschaft" mitten in der Corona-Pandemie angekommen. Die nunmehr zwangsläufig virtuelle Konferenz hat immerhin den Vorteil, dass jedermann ohne Reisekosten teilnehmen kann (eine Registrierung vorausgesetzt). Die Herausgeber thematisieren im Besonderen "das Erstarken der digitalen Geisteswissenschaften in institutioneller, organisatorischer und personeller Hinsicht". Unter den "Kleinen Fächern" wachsen die digitalen Geisteswissenschaften mit am stärksten, was auch neue Konkurrenten für die Informationswissenschaft hervorbringt.
- Footnote
- Vgl. den Beitrag: "Über die neue Datenseligkeit Probleme des Umgangs mit Information nicht in den Hintergrund rücken" Für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs einen "geschützten Raum" in Open Password Nr.897 vom 09.03.2021 unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzI2OSwiYTBjNTIwMGQ1YTc5IiwwLDAsMjM4LDFd.
-
Ma, J.; Lund, B.: ¬The evolution and shift of research topics and methods in library and information science (2021)
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- Abstract
- Employing approaches adopted from studies of library and information science (LIS) research trends performed by Järvelin et al., this content analysis systematically examines the evolution and distribution of LIS research topics and data collection methods at 6-year increments from 2006 to 2018. Bibliographic data were collected for 3,422 articles published in LIS journals in the years 2006, 2012, and 2018. While the classification schemes provided in the Järvelin studies do not indicate much change, an analysis of subtopics, data sources, and keywords indicates a substantial impact of social media and data science on the discipline, which emerged at some point between the years of 2012 and 2018. These findings suggest a type of shift in the focus of LIS research, with social media and data science topics playing a role in well over one-third of articles published in 2018, compared with approximately 5% in 2012 and virtually none in 2006. The shift in LIS research foci based on these two technologies/approaches appears similar in extent to those produced by the introduction of information systems in library science in the 1960s, or the Internet in the 1990s, suggesting that these recent advancements are fundamental to the identity of LIS as a discipline.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
Informationswissenschaft
- Footnote
- Erratum aus no.10: The articles listed above, intended for publication in Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology volume 72, number 10, were erroneously published in Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, volume 72, number 8. The articles will remain as part of their prior issues and can be accessed by following the DOI links found in the references listed above. The Publisher apologizes for this error. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24474.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 72(2021) no.8, S.1059-1074
-
Boczkowski, P.; Mitchelstein, E.: ¬The digital environment : How we live, learn, work, and play now (2021)
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- Abstract
- Increasingly we live through our personal screens; we work, play, socialize, and learn digitally. The shift to remote everything during the pandemic was another step in a decades-long march toward the digitization of everyday life made possible by innovations in media, information, and communication technology. In The Digital Environment, Pablo Boczkowski and Eugenia Mitchelstein offer a new way to understand the role of the digital in our daily lives, calling on us to turn our attention from our discrete devices and apps to the array of artifacts and practices that make up the digital environment that envelops every aspect of our social experience. Boczkowski and Mitchelstein explore a series of issues raised by the digital takeover of everyday life, drawing on interviews with a variety of experts. They show how existing inequities of gender, race, ethnicity, education, and class are baked into the design and deployment of technology, and describe emancipatory practices that counter this--including the use of Twitter as a platform for activism through such hashtags as #BlackLivesMatter and #MeToo. They discuss the digitization of parenting, schooling, and dating--noting, among other things, that today we can both begin and end relationships online. They describe how digital media shape our consumption of sports, entertainment, and news, and consider the dynamics of political campaigns, disinformation, and social activism. Finally, they report on developments in three areas that will be key to our digital future: data science, virtual reality, and space exploration.
- BK
- 54.08 Informatik in Beziehung zu Mensch und Gesellschaft
- Classification
- SR 850: SQ-SU Informatik / SR Allgemeines, Organisation, Ausbildung / Gesellschaftliche Folgen der Datenverarbeitung
54.08 Informatik in Beziehung zu Mensch und Gesellschaft
- Date
- 22. 6.2023 18:25:18
- RVK
- SR 850: SQ-SU Informatik / SR Allgemeines, Organisation, Ausbildung / Gesellschaftliche Folgen der Datenverarbeitung
-
Dijk, J: ¬The digital divide (2020)
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- Classification
- MS 6950: Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft, Informationsgesellschaft) / Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien
- RVK
- MS 6950: Allgemeines (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft, Informationsgesellschaft) / Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien
-
Cox, A.: How artificial intelligence might change academic library work : applying the competencies literature and the theory of the professions (2023)
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- Abstract
- The probable impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on work, including professional work, is contested, but it is unlikely to leave them untouched. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the likelihood of the adoption of different approaches to AI in academic libraries. As theoretical lenses to guide the analysis the paper draws on both the library and information science (LIS) literature on librarians' competencies and the notions of jurisdiction and hybrid logics drawn from the sociological theory of the professions. The paper starts by outlining these theories and then reviews the nature of AI and the range of its potential uses in academic libraries. The main focus of the paper is on the application of AI to knowledge discovery. Eleven different potential approaches libraries might adopt to such AI applications are analyzed and their likelihood evaluated. Then it is considered how a range of internal and external factors might influence the adoption of AI. In addition to reflecting on the possible impact of AI on librarianship the paper contributes to understanding how to synthesize the competencies literature with the theory of the profession and presents a new understanding of librarians as hybrid.
- Field
- Bibliothekswesen
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 74(2023) no.3, S.367-380
-
Hartel, J.: ¬The red thread of information (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose In The Invisible Substrate of Information Science, a landmark article about the discipline of information science, Marcia J. Bates wrote that ".we are always looking for the red thread of information in the social texture of people's lives" (1999a, p. 1048). To sharpen our understanding of information science and to elaborate Bates' idea, the work at hand answers the question: Just what does the red thread of information entail? Design/methodology/approach Through a close reading of Bates' oeuvre and by applying concepts from the reference literature of information science, nine composite entities that qualify as the red thread of information are identified, elaborated, and related to existing concepts in the information science literature. In the spirit of a scientist-poet (White, 1999), several playful metaphors related to the color red are employed. Findings Bates' red thread of information entails: terms, genres, literatures, classification systems, scholarly communication, information retrieval, information experience, information institutions, and information policy. This same constellation of phenomena can be found in resonant visions of information science, namely, domain analysis (Hjørland, 2002), ethnography of infrastructure (Star, 1999), and social epistemology (Shera, 1968). Research limitations/implications With the vital vermilion filament in clear view, newcomers can more easily engage the material, conceptual, and social machinery of information science, and specialists are reminded of what constitutes information science as a whole. Future researchers and scientist-poets may wish to supplement the nine composite entities with additional, emergent information phenomena. Originality/value Though the explication of information science that follows is relatively orthodox and time-bound, the paper offers an imaginative, accessible, yet technically precise way of understanding the field.
- Date
- 30. 4.2020 21:03:22
- Field
- Informationswissenschaft
- Theme
- Information
-
Patriarca, S.: Information literacy gives us the tools to check sources and to verify factual statements : What does Popper`s "Es gibt keine Autoritäten" mean? (2021)
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- Abstract
- I wonder if you would consider an English perspective on the exchange between Bernd Jörs and Hermann Huemer. In my career in the independent education sector I can recall many discussions and Government reports about cross-curricular issues such as logical reasoning and critical thinking, In the IB system this led to the inclusion in the Diploma of "Theory of Knowledge." In the UK we had "key skills" and "critical thinking." One such key skill is what we now call "information literacy." "In his parody of Information literacy, Dr Jörs seems to have confused a necessary condition for a sufficient condition. The fact that information competence may be necessary for serious academic study does not of course make it sufficient. When that is understood the joke about the megalomaniac rather loses its force. (We had better pass over the rant which follows, the sneer at "earth sciences" and the German prejudice towards Austrians)."
- Content
- Zu: Bernd Jörs, Zukunft der Informationswissenschaft und Kritischer Rationalismus - Gegen die Selbstüberschätzung der Vertreter der "Informationskompetenz" eine Rückkehr zu Karl R. Popper geboten, in: Open Password, 30 August - Herbert Huemer, Informationskompetenz als Kompetenz für lebenslanges Lernen, in: Open Password, #965, 25. August 2021 - Huemer nahm auf den Beitrag von Bernd Jörs "Wie sich "Informationskompetenz" methodisch-operativ untersuchen lässt" in Open Password am 20. August 2021 Bezug.
- Footnote
- Vgl. die Erwiderung: Jörs, B.: Informationskompetenz ist auf domänenspezifisches Vorwissen angewiesen und kann immer nur vorläufig sein: eine Antwort auf Steve Patriarca. Unter: Open Password. 2021, Nr.998 vom 15. November 2021 [https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzM3NiwiYTRlYWIxNTJhOTU4IiwwLDAsMzM5LDFd].
