-
Hubrich, J.: Aufwand zur Sicherstellung der Qualität und Möglichkeiten des Nutzens im OPAC (2005)
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- Abstract
- »Sacherschließung - können wir uns die noch leisten?« Angesichts des zunehmend geringeren Gesamtetats, der den Bibliotheken zur Verfügung steht, drängt sich diese Frage nahezu auf. Sacherschließung ist teuer und für das moderne Bibliothekswesen nur dann noch tragbar, wenn der Mitteleinsatz in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zum Ergebnis steht, das sich in der Leistungsfähigkeit des Produkts widerspiegelt. Im deutschsprachigen Raum trägt die SWD wesentlich zu einer effektiveren Sacherschließungsarbeit bei. Ihre Pflege und Weiterentwicklung ist jedoch mit einem enormen Aufwand gekoppelt, der nur mit einer entsprechenden Nutzung der Daten für das thematische Retrieval in den OPACs gerechtfertigt werden kann.
- Source
- Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 17(2005) H.2, S.19-29
-
Ansorge, K.: Das was 2007 (2007)
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- Content
- Darin u.a: "Netzpublikationen - Die DNB hat mit Inkrafttreten des Gesetzes über die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek im Jahr 2006 den Auftrag der Sammlung, Erschließung, Verzeichnung und Archivierung von Netzpublikationen erhalten. Zum Sammelgebiet Netzpublikationen gehören alle Darstellungen in Schrift, Bild und Ton, die in öffentlichen Netzen zugänglich gemacht werden. Die Abgabepflicht umfasst sowohl Internetveröffentlichungen mit Entsprechungen zum Printbereich als auch webspezifische Medienwerke." "Kataloganreicherung - In Gesprächen mit dem Deutschen Bibliotheksverband und dem Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels hatte sich die DNB bereiterklärt, die Rolle eines zentralen Dienstleisters bei der Verbreitung digitaler Zusatzinformationen zu bibliografischen Daten zu übernehmen. Für die Anreicherung der Daten der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie mit qualitativ hochwertigen Zusatzinformationen (recherchierbare PDF-Dokumente) konnten im Jahr 2007 die Weichen gestellt werden. Seit Jahresbeginn 2008 werden die Inhaltsverzeichnisse der jährlich rund 75.000 monografischen Neuerscheinungen des Verlagsbuchhandels gescannt und als ergänzende bibliografische Daten über das Internet und die Datendienste der DNB angeboten. Im Rahmen der bestehenden Kooperation mit der MVB Marketing- und Verlagsservice des Buchhandels GmbH werden zukünftig neben den Daten des VLB (Verzeichnis Lieferbarer Bücher) auch die entstehenden Zusatzinformationen ausgetauscht."
"Standardisierung - Auch 2007 ist die Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung (AfS) auf dem Weg zur Internationalisierung der deutschen Regelwerke, Formate und Normdateien entscheidende Schritte vorangekommen. Im Mittelpunkt der Vorbereitungen für den Format-umstieg standen eine Konkordanz von MAB2 nach MARC 21 und die Festlegung neuer Felder, die für den Umstieg auf nationaler Ebene notwendig sind. Neben einer Vielzahl anderer Aktivitäten hat die DNB zwei Veranstaltungen zum Format-umstieg durchgeführt. In Zusammenarbeit mit den Expertengruppen des Standardisierungsausschusses wurden drei Stellungnahmen zu Entwürfen des Regelwerkes »Resource Description and Access (RDA)« erarbeitet; es fand eine Beteiligung an der internationalen Diskussion zu wichtigen Grundlagen statt. Der Erfüllung des Wunsches nach Einführung der Onlinekommunikation mit Normdateien ist die DNB im vergangenen Jahr deutlich nähergekommen: Änderungen an Normdaten sollen gleichzeitig in die zentral bei der DNB gehaltenen Dateien und in der Verbunddatenbank vollzogen werden. Seit Anfang September ist die erste Stufe der Onlinekommunikation im produktiven Einsatz: Die PND-Redaktionen in den Aleph-Verbünden arbeiten online zusammen. Das neue Verfahren wird sich auf alle bei der DNB geführten Normdaten erstrecken und in einem gestuften Verfahren eingeführt werden. Die DNB war in zahlreichen Standardisierungsgremien zur Weiterentwicklung von Metadatenstandards wie z.B. Dublin Core und ONIX (Online Information eXchange) sowie bei den Entwicklungsarbeiten für The European Library beteiligt. Die Projektarbeiten im Projekt KIM - Kompetenzzentrum Interoperable Metadaten wurden maßgeblich unterstützt. Im Rahmen der Arbeiten zum Gesetz über die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek wurde ein Metadatenkernset für die Übermittlung von Metadaten an die DNB entwickelt und in einer ersten Stufe mit einem ONIX-Mapping versehen. Innerhalb des Projektes »Virtual International Authority File - VIAF« entwickelten die Library of Congress (LoC), die DNB und OCLC - zunächst für Personennamen - gemeinsam eine virtuelle, internationale Normdatei, in der die Normdatensätze der nationalen Normdateien im Web frei zugänglich miteinander verbunden werden sollen. Die bisherigen Projektergebnisse haben die Machbarkeit einer internationalen Normdatei eindrucksvoll unter Beweis gestellt. Darum haben die Projektpartner in einem neuen Abkommen, das auch die Bibliothèque Nationale de France einschließt, im Oktober 2007 ihr Engagement für den VIAF nochmals bekräftigt und damit eine Konsolidierungs- und Erweiterungsphase eingeleitet."
"DDC-Deutsch - Bereits im Jahr 2006 wurde die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) für die inhaltliche Erschließung der in den Reihen B (Monografien und Periodika außerhalb des Verlagsbuchhandels) und H (Hochschulschriften) der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie angezeigten Publikationen eingeführt. Mit Heft 1/2007 hat die DDC auch in der Reihe A (Monografien und Periodika des Verlagsbuchhandels) Einzug gehalten. Die dort angezeigten Publikationen werden zusätzlich wie bisher vollständig mit RSWK Schlagwortketten erschlossen. Die DNB wird damit zum größten europäischen Lieferanten von Dewey-Notationen und nimmt nach der LoC weltweit die zweite Stelle ein. Durch die Integration der Daten der DNB in den WorldCat werden Sichtbarkeit und Nutzungsmöglichkeiten dieses Angebots auch über den deutschsprachigen Raum hinaus verbessert. Um den Informationsaustausch unter den europäischen DDC-Anwendern zu verbessern, europäische Belange in der Klassifikation stärker durchzusetzen und die Verbreitung in Europa gemeinsam mit OCLC zu koordinieren, wurde die EDUG (European DDC Users' Group) gegründet."
"CrissCross - Ende Januar 2006 startete das von der DNB und der Fachhochschule Köln gemeinsam betriebene und von der DFG geförderte Projekt CrissCross. Das Projekt soll ein multilinguales, thesaurusbasiertes und benutzergerechtes Recherchevokabular schaffen. Hierzu werden die Sachschlagwörter der Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) mit den DDC-Notationen verbunden. Die Multilingualität wird durch die Verknüpfung mit ihren Äquivalenten in den beiden umfassenden Schlagwortnormdateien Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) und Rameau (Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié) erreicht. Die im Rahmen des Projekts erarbeiteten Festlegungen zur methodischen Vorgehensweise bei der Verknüpfung der DDC mit den SWD-Sachschlagwörtern wurden weiter präzisiert und fortentwickelt. Für die zweite Komponente des Projekts, die Anreicherung der in der Datenbank des MACS-Projekts vorliegenden Verbindungen zwischen LCSH und Rameau um den äquivalenten SWD-Terminus, wurde eine Vervollständigung und eine Verbesserung der Datenbasis erreicht und Tests der Verlinkung durchgeführt."
"DDC-vascoda - Das Projekt DDC-vascoda wurde 2007 abgeschlossen. Für den Sucheinstieg bei vascoda wurde bislang nur eine Freitextsuche über alle Felder oder eine Expertensuche, bei der die Freitextsuche mit den formalen Kriterien Autor, Titel und (Erscheinungs-)Jahr kombiniert werden kann, angeboten. Die Suche konnte zwar auf einzelne Fächer oder Fachzugänge beschränkt werden, ein sachlicher Zugang zu der Information fehlt jedoch. Vascoda verwendete die Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) als einheitliches Klassifikationsinstrument. Ziel des Projektes DDC-vascoda war es, über diese Klassifikation einen komfortablen und einheitlichen sachlichen Zugang als Einstieg in das Gesamtangebot einzurichten. Weiterhin wurde ein HTML-Dienst entwickelt, der es Fachportalen und anderen Datenanbietern ermöglicht, ohne großen Programmieraufwand ein DDC-Browsing über die eigenen Daten bereitzustellen."
- Source
- Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 20(2008) H.1, S.7-13
-
Oehlschläger, S.: Treffpunkt Standardisierung : Der Standardisierungsausschuss beim 94. Deutschen Bibliothekartag in Düsseldorf (2005)
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- Content
- "Nach Augsburg, Bielefeld und Leipzig hat der Standardisierungsausschuss beim 94. Deutschen Bibliothekartag in Düsseldorf zum vierten Mal in Folge eine Veranstaltung zum Themenfeld Standardisierung durchgeführt, die vom Vorsitzenden, Berndt Dugall, moderiert wurde. Auch in diesem Jahr konnten dafür wieder zwei Referenten aus dem Ausland gewonnen werden, die einen Einblick in internationale Aktivitäten gewährten. Den Auftakt bildete Jeffrey Garrett von der Northwestern University Library in Evanston, Illinois mit seinem Vortrag »Entscheidend auch hier der Einstieg - Wandel und Kontinuität im Ethos des Katalogisierens in den USA«. Zunächst erläuterte der Referent die Losung aus dem Titel, die aus dem Werk »Bücherlabyrinthe: Suchen und Finden im alexandrinischen Zeitalter« von Nikolaus Wegmann stammt. Dieses Buch erinnere daran, dass der Katalog in der Nachfolge von Schrettinger und Dewey den Einstieg des Benutzers in die ansonsten gewaltige Unordnung der Bibliothek ermögliche, und dadurch die »Sichtbarkeit« der modernen Forschungsbibliothek erst her- bzw. sicherstellt. Garrett stellte die Frage nach dem Sinn von Katalogen im elektronischen Zeitalter, einer Zeit, in der bibliografische Angaben beziehungsweise Schlagworte durch Volltextrecherchen, die sich gleichzeitig auf mehrere tausend Publikationen erstrecken können, umgangen werden können, und in welcher der Inhalt eines Textes in ständigem Wandel begriffen ist. In seinem Vortrag hat der Referent einige Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet des Katalogisierens in den USA teils theoretisch, teils konkret nachgezeichnet, in der Absicht, sowohl den Wandel als auch die Kontinuität im Bereich der Erschließung aufzuzeigen. Die bisweilen geäußerte Feststellung, dass Kataloge auf den Müllhaufen der Geschichte gehörten, bezeichnete Garrett als maßlos übertrieben und nur angesichts des »Google-Schocks« in den USA zu erklären. Der Katalog diene nach wie vor als Beschreibung des Volltexts. Der Moderator kommentierte dazu, dass der Gedanke des »Vanishing catalogue« vergleichbar sei mit dem Traum vom papierlosen Büro. Patrick Le Boeuf, der Vorsitzende der IFLA FRBR Review Group, referierte in seinem Vortrag »Zwischen Traum und Wirklichkeit« über die Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR). Anhand von leicht verständlichen Beispielen erläuterte er, was die FRBR mit den vier Entitäten der Gruppe 1: Werk (work), Fassung (expression), Erscheinungsform (manifestation) und Exemplar (item) sind. Ausführlich ging er auch darauf ein, was die FRBR nicht sind und was sie nicht leisten können. Es handelt sich dabei weder um eine Norm, noch um ein Datenmodell oder gar ein Format. Dennoch haben die FRBR Einfluss auf die Standardisierungsaktivitäten auf internationaler wie nationaler Ebene. In einigen Systemen, Prototypen und Projekten lässt sich das Potenzial des FRBRModells für bibliografische Informationen bereits aufzeigen. Ganz konkret werden die FRBR in die Überlegungen der IFLA Meetings of Experts an an International Cataloguing Code einbezogen und haben Einzug in die »Frankfurt principles« gefunden, deren Ziel eine Aktualisierung der »Paris principles« ist, und die bei nachfolgenden Regionaltreffen bis 2007 von Kolleginnen und Kollegen aus allen Teilen der WeIt weiter diskutiert und modifiziert werden. Durch die gegenwärtige Revision der Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR) werden die FRBR auch Einzug in das internationale Regelwerk halten.
Mit großer Spannung wurde der Vortrag von Elisabeth Niggemann und Reiner Diedrichs über das weitere Vorgehen nach Abschluss des Projekts »Umstieg auf internationale Formate und Regelwerke (MARC21, AACR2)« erwartet. Unter dem programmatischen Titel »Hinter dem Horizont geht es weiter« stellten der Vorsitzende der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme und die Generaldirektorin Der Deutschen Bibliothek vor, wie die Internationalisierung der deutschen Standards im Einzelnen aussehen soll, und welche Maßnahmen erforderlich sind. Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme hatte in ihrer Herbstsitzung 2004 verschiedene Beschlüsse getroffen, welche die Zusammenarbeit der Verbundsysteme fördern und erleichtern sollen. Dazu gehören u. a. die Entwicklung eines prototypischen Verfahrens für einen Neukatalogisierungsdienst mit einheitlichen Datenstrukturen und einheitlichen Formatanwendungen, die Verwendung von MARC21 als einheitlichem Austauschformat und die Entwicklung eines Matchkey-Verfahrens zur verbundübergreifenden Titelerkennung. Außerdem wurden grundsätzliche Anforderungen an das künftige Regelwerk und für eine Reorganisation der Normdatenarbeit formuliert, die die Ziele der Arbeitsgemeinschaft effektiv unterstützen sollen. Der Standardisierungsausschuss hat diese Beschlüsse in seiner 9. Sitzung im Dezember 2004 begrüßt, bestätigt und konkretisiert. Nun gilt es, die Beschlüsse zügig umzusetzen, um die gesteckten Ziele zu verfolgen: einfacher Zugang zu bibliografischer Information national wie international für wissenschaftliche und andere persönliche Nutzer, leichte Austauschbarkeit von bibliografischer Information zwischen professionellen Benutzergruppen und Anwendern und last but not least Kostenreduktion bei der Erschließung. Im Anschluss stellte Renate Gömpel, Die Deutsche Bibliothek, die IFLA-CDNL Allianz für Bibliografische Standards (ICABS) vor, die während des Weltkongresses Bibliothek und Information in Berlin als ein neues strategisches Vorhaben ins Leben gerufen wurde. Mit ICABS streben die National Library of Australia, die Library of Congress, die British Library, die Koninklijke Bibliotheek der Niederlande und Die Deutsche Bibliothek gemeinsam mit der Biblioteca Nacional Portugals, der IFLA und der Conference of Directors of National Libraries (CDNL) die Fortsetzung und Unterstützung von Schlüsselaktivitäten im Bereich der bibliografischen und der Ressourcenkontrolle sowie damit zusammenhängender Formatstandards an. Die Allianz führt damit die Arbeit der Geschäftsstellen der früheren IFLA-Kernprogramme UBCIM (Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC) und UDT (Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications) fort. In dem Vortrag wurde ein Überblick über Ziele und Vorhaben von ICABS, ihre Organisation sowie deren Arbeit als Dach für facettenreiche Aktivitäten im Bereich bibliografischer Standards gegeben. Koordiniert wird die Arbeit von ICABS durch das Advisory Board, das aus Vertretern aller beteiligten Institutionen und Organisationen besteht und dessen Vorsitz gegenwärtig ebenso wie das Sekretariat bei Der Deutschen Bibliothek angesiedelt ist. Der Standardisierungsausschuss hat bereits erste Planungen für eine Veranstaltung beim 95. Deutschen Bibliothekartag in Dresden angestellt. Dort soll über den Stand der Internationalisierung des deutschen Regelwerks, den Umstieg auf MARC21 und die Weiterentwicklung der Normdateien berichtet werden. Darüber hinaus erwartet die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer ein Bericht aus dem Joint Steering Committee for Revision of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (JSC) über den Stand der AACR3. Es wird sicherlich spannend, merken Sie sich diesen Termin vor."
- Source
- Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 17(2005) H.2, S.40-42
-
Bee, G.: CrissCross (2006)
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- Content
- "»Simplify your life«, heißt einer der großen Sachbuchbestseller der letzten Jahre. Dessen Quintessenz: In einer zusehends komplexer werdenden Welt sind Vereinfachungen (über)lebensnotwendig. Dies gilt für alle Lebensbereiche, in besonderem Maße aber für die Suche nach Informationen. Um Bibliotheksbenutzer an die von ihnen gewünschte Literatur heranzuführen, kann seitens der Bibliotheken sicher noch einiges an Vereinfachungsleistung erbracht werden - insbesondere dann, wenn der Benutzer sich bei der Suche nicht mit den Beständen seines nationalen Bibliothekssystems begnügt, sondern die Möglichkeit nutzt, weltweit online zu recherchieren. Eine Suche unter Zuhilfenahme von Titelstichwörtern bereitet heute nur wenig Kopfzerbrechen, ist aber oft unbefriedigend für die sachliche Suche. Leider gestaltet sich der hier deutlich zielführende Rückgriff auf Sacherschließungsdaten in der Praxis erheblich schwieriger. Der Benutzer ist mit einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Erschließungssysteme konfrontiert, die vielfach unverbunden nebeneinander existieren. Da die Bestände der weitaus meisten Bibliotheken heterogen erschlossen sind, müsste der Benutzer alle Erschließungsverfahren kennen und nacheinander anwenden, um sicherzustellen, dass ihm keine Informationen verloren gehen.
An diesem Punkt setzt das neue Projekt CrissCross an, das gemeinsam von der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (DNB) und der Fachhochschule Köln betrieben und von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefördert wird. CrissCross schafft Verbindungslinien zwischen einigen besonders verbreiteten und bewährten Erschließungsinstrumenten: Der deutschsprachigen Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD), den besonders im angloamerikanischen Raum verbreiteten Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), der französischen Dokumentationssprache Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié (Rameau) und der Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) als dem international am meisten verbreiteten Klassifikationssystem. CrissCross kann dabei auf zwei wichtigen Vorgängerprojekten aufbauen. Hier ist zum einen das ebenfalls von DNB und der Fachhochschule Köln gemeinsam betriebene Vorgängerprojekt »DDC Deutsch« zu nennen. Bereits während dessen Laufzeit war deutlich geworden, wie vorteilhaft sich eine Anreicherung des DDC-Registers mit dem Schlagwortbestand der SWD auf die Klassifikationspraxis auswirken könnte. Genau dieser Schritt wird nun vollzogen, wobei sich die Projektarbeit auf die Sachschlagwörter konzentriert - kein kleines Unterfangen, beläuft sich doch die Zahl der zurzeit in der SWD befindlichen Datensätze mit dem Indikator s auf über 154.000.
Ein weiteres Fundament sind die Vorarbeiten aus dem gemeinsam von DNB, der Schweizerischen Landesbibliothek und anderen Partnern betriebenen Projekt Multilingual Access to Subjects (MACS). Im Rahmen von MACS wurden in größerem Umfang LCSH und Rameau-Datensätze miteinander verknüpft; einigen der dabei entstandenen Schlagwortpärchen wurde dabei bereits ein SWD-Äquivalent zugeordnet. Dreierverbindungen dieses Typs, erweitert um DDC-Notationen, werden auch im Rahmen von CrissCross entstehen. Die unterschiedliche Strukturierung der einzelnen Schlagwortsprachen sorgt allerdings für eine Vielzahl von Problemen, die das Projektteam bewältigen muss. Durch die Verlinkung der Schlagwortsprachen und die Verknüpfung mit der DDC erstellt CrissCross ein multilinguales verbales Recherchevokabular. Ungewöhnlich und innovativ ist dabei vor allem die Verbindung von verbaler und klassifikatorischer Sacherschließung, die zu einer bedeutenden Erweiterung der Recherchemöglichkeiten führen wird. Dies wird vor allem dann der Fall sein, wenn in Onlineumgebungen nutzbare Hilfsmittel wie das von der DNB zurzeit entwickelte Normdatenrecherchetool zur Verfügung stehen. In naher Zukunft wird der Nutzer dann bei seiner Suche auf eine Vielzahl unterschiedlich erschlossener Werke stoßen, ohne dass ihm die im Hintergrund vollzogene Auswertung von Normdaten bewusst sein muss. Er braucht im Grunde genommen überhaupt kein Vorwissen über Sacherschließungsinstrumente mitzubringen. »Simplify your search«, könnte das Motto dieser Vorgehensweise lauten. Die Nutzerfreundlichkeit der Bibliotheken wird durch den Einsatz derartiger Instrumente eine deutliche Steigerung erfahren. CrissCross wird seinen Teil dazu beitragen."
- Source
- Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 18(2006) H.2, S.23-24
-
Sandner, M.: NSW online : Elektronisches Tool zur "Liste der fachlichen Nachschlagewerke" (2010)
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- Abstract
- Die "Liste der fachlichen Nachschlagewerke zu den Normdateien" (NSW-Liste) stellt mit ihren derzeit rund 1.660 Einträgen ein verbindliches Arbeitsinstrument für die tägliche Praxis in der kooperativen Normdatenpflege des deutsch-sprachigen Raumes, speziell für die Terminologiearbeit in der bibliothekarischen Sacherschließung dar. In jedem Normdatensatz der Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) werden für den Nachweis und die Begründung der Ansetzungs- und Verweisungsformen eines Deskriptors im Feld "Quelle" Referenzwerke aus der so genannten Prioritätenliste (Rangfolge der Nachschlagewerke), darüber hinaus aus der gesamten NSW-Liste, festgehalten und normiert abgekürzt. In gedruckter Form erscheint sie jährlich aktuali-siert mit einem Änderungsdienst (Änderungen, Neuauflagen; Neuaufnahmen) und steht seit eini-gen Jahren auch elektronisch abrufbar bereit. Dennoch ist diese Liste "in die Jahre" ge-kommen. Vor allem die Durchnummerierung ihrer Einträge ist störend: In jeder neuen Auflage ändern sich die laufenden Nummern, während sich gleichzeitig die meisten Register gerade auf diese Zählung beziehen. - Das einzig gleichbleibende Merkmal jedes aufgelisteten Nachschlagewerks ist seine normierte Abkürzung. Deshalb haben wir uns im neuen elektronischen NSW-Tool für diese Abkürzungen als Anker entschieden. Die Entstehung dieses Tools resultiert aus einer Verkettung günstiger Umstände und hatte so gut wie keine finanzielle Basis. Es beruht auf einem starken Engagement aller Beteiligten. Aus die-sem Grund freuen wir uns ganz besonders über das erreichte Ergebnis und wagen uns nun mit einer Beta-Version an die Fachöffentlichkeit.
- Source
- Dialog mit Bibliotheken. 20(2010) H.2, S.53-52
-
Pika, J.; Pika-Biolzi, M.: Multilingual subject access and classification-based browsing through authority control : the experience of the ETH-Bibliothek, Zürich (2015)
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- Abstract
- The paper provides an illustration of the benefits of subject authority control improving multilingual subject access in NEBIS - Netzwerk von Bibliotheken und Informationsstellen in der Schweiz. This example of good practice focuses on some important aspects of classification and indexing. NEBIS subject authorities comprise a classification scheme and multilingual subject descriptor system. A bibliographic system supported by subject authority control empowers libraries as it enables them to expand and adjust vocabulary and link subjects to suit their specific audience. Most importantly it allows the management of different subject vocabularies in numerous languages. In addition, such an enriched subject index creates re-usable and shareable source of subject statements that has value in the wider context of information exchange. The illustrations and supporting arguments are based on indexing practice, subject authority control and use of classification in ETH-Bibliothek, which is the largest library within the NEBIS network.
- Pages
- S.99-110
-
Lehtinen, R.; Clavel-Merrin, G.: Mehrsprachige und verschiedenartige Daten in Bibliothekssystemen und -netzen : Erfahrungen und Perspektiven aus der Schweiz und Finnland (1998)
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-
Danowski, P.: Authority files and Web 2.0 : Wikipedia and the PND. An Example (2007)
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- Abstract
- More and more users index everything on their own in the web 2.0. There are services for links, videos, pictures, books, encyclopaedic articles and scientific articles. All these services are library independent. But must that really be? Can't libraries help with their experience and tools to make user indexing better? On the experience of a project from German language Wikipedia together with the German person authority files (Personen Namen Datei - PND) located at German National Library (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek) I would like to show what is possible. How users can and will use the authority files, if we let them. We will take a look how the project worked and what we can learn for future projects. Conclusions - Authority files can have a role in the web 2.0 - there must be an open interface/ service for retrieval - everything that is indexed on the net with authority files can be easy integrated in a federated search - O'Reilly: You have to found ways that your data get more important that more it will be used
- Content
- Vortrag anlässlich des Workshops: "Extending the multilingual capacity of The European Library in the EDL project Stockholm, Swedish National Library, 22-23 November 2007".
-
Hengel, C.: ¬The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) : reflections upon internationalization and localization of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) (2008)
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- Imprint
- Leipzig : Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
- Pages
- S.269-272
- Source
- New pespectives on subject indexing and classification: essays in honour of Magda Heiner-Freiling. Red.: K. Knull-Schlomann, u.a
-
Leth, P.: Subject access - the Swedish approach (2007)
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- Content
- Vortrag anlässlich des Workshops: "Extending the multilingual capacity of The European Library in the EDL project Stockholm, Swedish National Library, 22-23 November 2007".
- Location
- S
-
Horn, M.E.: "Garbage" in, "refuse and refuse disposal" out : making the most of the subject authority file in the OPAC (2002)
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- Abstract
- Subject access in the OPAC, as discussed in this article, is predicated on two different kinds of searching: subject (authority, alphabetic, or controlled vocabulary searching) or keyword (uncontrolled, free text, natural language vocabulary). The literature has focused on demonstrating that both approaches are needed, but very few authors address the need to integrate keyword into authority searching. The article discusses this difference and compares, with a query on the term garbage, search results in two online catalogs, one that performs keyword searches through the authority file and one where only bibliographic records are included in keyword searches.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 46(2002) no.3, S.111-
-
Russell, B.M.; Spillane, J.L.: Using the Web for name authority work (2001)
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- Abstract
- While many catalogers are using the Web to find the information they need to perform authority work quickly and accurately, the full potential of the Web to assist catalogers in name authority work has yet to be realized. The ever-growing nature of the Web means that available information for creating personal name, corporate name, and other types of headings will increase. In this article, we examine ways in which simple and effective Web searching can save catalogers time and money in the process of authority work. In addition, questions involving evaluating authority information found on the Web are explored.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 45(2001) no.2, S.73-79
-
Vellucci, S.L.: Metadata and authority control (2000)
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- Abstract
- A variety of information communities have developed metadata schemes to meet the needs of their own users. The ability of libraries to incorporate and use multiple metadata schemes in current library systems will depend on the compatibility of imported data with existing catalog data. Authority control will play an important role in metadata interoperability. In this article, I discuss factors for successful authority control in current library catalogs, which include operation in a well-defined and bounded universe, application of principles and standard practices to access point creation, reference to authoritative lists, and bibliographic record creation by highly trained individuals. Metadata characteristics and environmental models are examined and the likelihood of successful authority control is explored for a variety of metadata environments.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 44(2000) no.1, S.33-43
-
El-Sherbini, M.A.: Cataloging and classification : review of the literature 2005-06 (2008)
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- Abstract
- This paper reviews library literature on cataloging and classification published in 2005-06. It covers pertinent literature in the following areas: the future of cataloging; Functional Requirement for Bibliographic Records (FRBR); metadata and its applications and relation to Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC); cataloging tools and standards; authority control; and recruitment, training, and the changing role of catalogers.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 52(2008) no.3, S.148-163
-
Kaiser, M.; Lieder, H.J.; Majcen, K.; Vallant, H.: New ways of sharing and using authority information : the LEAF project (2003)
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- Abstract
- This article presents an overview of the LEAF project (Linking and Exploring Authority Files)1, which has set out to provide a framework for international, collaborative work in the sector of authority data with respect to authority control. Elaborating the virtues of authority control in today's Web environment is an almost futile exercise, since so much has been said and written about it in the last few years.2 The World Wide Web is generally understood to be poorly structured-both with regard to content and to locating required information. Highly structured databases might be viewed as small islands of precision within this chaotic environment. Though the Web in general or any particular structured database would greatly benefit from increased authority control, it should be noted that our following considerations only refer to authority control with regard to databases of "memory institutions" (i.e., libraries, archives, and museums). Moreover, when talking about authority records, we exclusively refer to personal name authority records that describe a specific person. Although different types of authority records could indeed be used in similar ways to the ones presented in this article, discussing those different types is outside the scope of both the LEAF project and this article. Personal name authority records-as are all other "authorities"-are maintained as separate records and linked to various kinds of descriptive records. Name authority records are usually either kept in independent databases or in separate tables in the database containing the descriptive records. This practice points at a crucial benefit: by linking any number of descriptive records to an authorized name record, the records related to this entity are collocated in the database. Variant forms of the authorized name are referenced in the authority records and thus ensure the consistency of the database while enabling search and retrieval operations that produce accurate results. On one hand, authority control may be viewed as a positive prerequisite of a consistent catalogue; on the other, the creation of new authority records is a very time consuming and expensive undertaking. As a consequence, various models of providing access to existing authority records have emerged: the Library of Congress and the French National Library (Bibliothèque nationale de France), for example, make their authority records available to all via a web-based search service.3 In Germany, the Personal Name Authority File (PND, Personennamendatei4) maintained by the German National Library (Die Deutsche Bibliothek, Frankfurt/Main) offers a different approach to shared access: within a closed network, participating institutions have online access to their pooled data. The number of recent projects and initiatives that have addressed the issue of authority control in one way or another is considerable.5 Two important current initiatives should be mentioned here: The Name Authority Cooperative (NACO) and Virtual International Authority File (VIAF).
NACO was established in 1976 and is hosted by the Library of Congress. At the beginning of 2003, nearly 400 institutions were involved in this undertaking, including 43 institutions from outside the United States.6 Despite the enormous success of NACO and the impressive annual growth of the initiative, there are requirements for participation that form an obstacle for many institutions: they have to follow the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2) and employ the MARC217 data format. Participating institutions also have to belong to either OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) or RLG (Research Libraries Group) in order to be able to contribute records, and they have to provide a specified minimum number of authority records per year. A recent proof of concept project of the Library of Congress, OCLC and the German National Library-Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)8-will, in its first phase, test automatic linking of the records of the Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF) and the German Personal Name Authority File by using matching algorithms and software developed by OCLC. The results are expected to form the basis of a "Virtual International Authority File". The project will then test the maintenance of the virtual authority file by employing the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH)9 to harvest the metadata for new, updated, and deleted records. When using the "Virtual International Authority File" a cataloguer will be able to check the system to see whether the authority record he wants to establish already exists. The final phase of the project will test possibilities for displaying records in the preferred language and script of the end user. Currently, there are still some clear limitations associated with the ways in which authority records are used by memory institutions. One of the main problems has to do with limited access: generally only large institutions or those that are part of a library network have unlimited online access to permanently updated authority records. Smaller institutions outside these networks usually have to fall back on less efficient ways of obtaining authority data, or have no access at all. Cross-domain sharing of authority data between libraries, archives, museums and other memory institutions simply does not happen at present. Public users are, by and large, not even aware that such things as name authority records exist and are excluded from access to these information resources.
- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 9(2003) no.11, x S
-
Hickey, T.B.; Toves, J.; O'Neill, E.T.: NACO normalization : a detailed examination of the authority file comparison rules (2006)
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- Abstract
- Normalization rules are essential for interoperability between bibliographic systems. In the process of working with Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO) authority files to match records with Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and developing the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) subject heading schema, the authors found inconsistencies in independently created NACO normalization implementations. Investigating these, the authors found ambiguities in the NACO standard that need resolution, and came to conclusions on how the procedure could be simplified with little impact on matching headings. To encourage others to test their software for compliance with the current rules, the authors have established a Web site that has test files and interactive services showing their current implementation.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 50(2006) no.3, S.166-172
-
Zhu, L.; Xu, A.; Deng, S.; Heng, G.; Li, X.: Entity management using Wikidata for cultural heritage information (2024)
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- Abstract
- Entity management in a Linked Open Data (LOD) environment is a process of associating a unique, persistent, and dereferenceable Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) with a single entity. It allows data from various sources to be reused and connected to the Web. It can help improve data quality and enable more efficient workflows. This article describes a semi-automated entity management project conducted by the "Wikidata: WikiProject Chinese Culture and Heritage Group," explores the challenges and opportunities in describing Chinese women poets and historical places in Wikidata, the largest crowdsourcing LOD platform in the world, and discusses lessons learned and future opportunities.
-
Byrum, J.D.: ¬The emerging global bibliographical network : the era of international standardization in the development of cataloging policy (2000)
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- Abstract
- Catalogers have become interdependent in their pursuit to provide bibliographic control and access. This interdependency has brought with it the need for greater agreement in applying common cataloging policies and rules. The expanded application of AACR2 (Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules) is fostering greater uniformity in the provision of bibliographic description and access. The rules have been translated into numerous languages and used in European, Middle Eastern, and Latin American countries. Cataloging committees and individual libraries in Europe and South Africa have expressed strong interest in adopting, adapting, or aligning with AACR2. PCC (Program for Cooperative Cataloguing) is one of the most successful cooperative cataloging efforts and has a considerable international component, which encourages the use of AACR, LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), and MARC. AACR2 is successful on an international level because it is based in internationally developed standards, including ISBDs and the Paris Principles. ISBDs (International Standard Bibliographic Description) and the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records are examples of the contributions that IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) has made to the internationalization of cataloging. IFLA sponsored the international conference that resulted in the Paris Principles as well as subsequent projects to craft international policy in relation to uniform headings for persons, corporate bodies, and titles.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft "What in the World...Cataloging on an International Scale": papers from the ALCTS preconference, June 26, 1998 "What in the World...Cataloging on an International Scale". ALCTS Preconference, Washington, D.C.
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 44(2000) no.3, S.114-121
-
Wolverton, R.E.: Becoming an authority on authority control : an annotated bibliography of resources (2006)
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- Abstract
- Authority control has long been an important part of the cataloging process. However, few studies have been conducted examining how librarians learn about it. Research conducted to date suggests that many librarians learn about authority control on the job rather than in formal classes. To offer an introduction to authority control information for librarians, an annotated bibliography is provided. It includes monographs, articles and papers, electronic discussion groups, Web sites related to professional conferences, additional Web sites related to authority control, and training offered through the Name Authority Cooperative Program and the Subject Authority Cooperative Program. A summary of possible future trends in authority control is also provided.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Source
- Library resources and technical services. 50(2006) no.1, S.31-41
-
Franci, L.; Lucarelli, A.; Motta, M.; Rolle, M.: ¬The Nuovo Soggettario Thesaurus : structural features and Web application projects (2011)
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- Pages
- S.155-168
- Source
- Subject access: preparing for the future. Conference on August 20 - 21, 2009 in Florence, the IFLA Classification and Indexing Section sponsored an IFLA satellite conference entitled "Looking at the Past and Preparing for the Future". Eds.: P. Landry et al
