Search (109 results, page 6 of 6)

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Abstract

Starting from an unsolved problem of information retrieval this paper presents an ontology-based model for indexing and retrieval. The model combines the methods and experiences of cognitive-to-interpret indexing languages with the strengths and possibilities of formal knowledge representation. The core component of the model uses inferences along the paths of typed relations between the entities of a knowledge representation for enabling the determination of hit quantities in the context of retrieval processes. The entities are arranged in aspect-oriented facets to ensure a consistent hierarchical structure. The possible consequences for indexing and retrieval are discussed.

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Abstract

Experiences with retrieval in OPACs suggest that there are major problems for the users of such systems, such as choosing the 'correct' subject access vocabulary, narrowing or broadening the set of items retrieved regarding the search interest. Such problems relate to two facts: (1) that in the early OPACs subject access has not been considered seriously enough and (2) that the complexity of the topic has not been really recognized. Using a typology of users' questions it is demonstrated which requirements musts be met by a successful online subject access. Improvements of subject access tools are primarily aimed at, pinpointing the interplay between the different subcomponents of any subject facility: a) the features of the indexing languages used; b) the indexing principles used; c) the design and structuring of the database; and d) the possibilities of the technical retrieval facility, the search mode, and query languages. The contribution summarizes the manifold interactions between the four subcomponents listed. Any successful retrieval will heavily depend on the design of these components considering their interactions.

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Abstract

In this paper a model for understanding the concept of information is presented and how the processes of externalization and perception of information by human beings could be understood. This model is different from the standard information theoretic model. It combines the understanding of cognitive information processing as an act of information generation from sense impressions with communication theoretic considerations. This approach can be of value for any system that is regarded as a knowledge system with an in-built ordering structure. As an application some consequences will be drawn for the design of information systems which claims to handle information itself (e.g. multimedia information systems) instead of giving references to bibliographic entities

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Abstract

In this paper the following problem is discussed: Which possibilities exist to integrate localized knowledge into knowledge structures like classification systems or other documentary languages for the design of OPACs and information systems? It is proposed to combine a de-localized classificatory structure - best describes as 'ontological spine' - with multilingual semantic networks. Each of these networks should represent the respective localized knowledge along an extended set of typed semantic relations serving as entry points vocabulary as well as a semantic basis for navigational purposes within the localized knowledge context. The spine should enable a link between well-known and not well-known knowledge structures.

Source

New pespectives on subject indexing and classification: essays in honour of Magda Heiner-Freiling. Red.: K. Knull-Schlomann, u.a

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Abstract

The test ran between Nov 95-Aug 96 in Cologne Fachhochschule fur Bibliothekswesen (College of Librarianship).The test basis was a database of 190,000 book titles published between 1990-95. MILOS II mechanized indexing methods proved helpful in avoiding or reducing numbers of unsatisfied/no result retrieval searches. Retrieval from mechanised indexing is 3 times more successful than from title keyword data. MILOS II also used a standardized semantic vocabulary. Mechanised indexing demands high quality software and output data

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Abstract

The presented ontology-based model for indexing and retrieval combines the methods and experiences of traditional indexing languages with their cognitively interpreted entities and relationships with the strengths and possibilities of formal knowledge representation. The core component of the model uses inferences along the paths of typed relations between the entities of a knowledge representation for enabling the determination of result sets in the context of retrieval processes. A proposal for a general, but condensed, inventory of typed relations is given. The entities are arranged in aspect-oriented facets to ensure a consistent hierarchical structure. The possible consequences for indexing and retrieval are discussed.

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Abstract

Since the introduction of Regeln fur den Schlagwortkatalog (RSWK - Subject Cataloguing Rules) and the arrival of online public catalogues, librarians might ask whether number building is essential or whether the same result could be achieved with Boolean operators. Descriptive categories could be prepared, with word or phrase inversion, as a retrieval system component. The role of syntactic indexing in online retrieval and consequences for service interface ...

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Abstract

We provide a model for the reception of knowledge from externalized information sources. The model is based on a cognitive understanding of information processing and draws up ideas of an exchange of information in communication processes. Karl Popper's three-world theory with its orientation on falsifiable scientific knowledge is extended by John Searle's concept of collective intentionality. This allows a consistent description of externalization and reception of knowledge including scientific knowledge as well as everyday knowledge.

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Abstract

Information literacy and autonomy have become key values for the image of man in a society that is increasingly shaped by digitalization and artificial intelligence. The purpose of this book is to describe abstraction, analogy, inference, plausibility and creativity as basic skills of cognitive information processing and prerequisites for autonomous informational action.