Search (53 results, page 3 of 3)

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Abstract

This article begins by presenting and discussing the distinction between record-oriented and pattern-oriented search. Examples or recordoriented (or item-oriented) questions include: "What (or how many, etc.) glass items made prior to 100 A.D. do we have in our collection?" and "How many paintings featuring dogs do we have that were painted during the 19th century, and who painted them?" Standard database systems are well suited to answering such questions, based on the data in, for example, a collections management system. Examples of pattern-oriented questions include: "How does the (apparent) productoin of glass objects vary over time between 400 B.C. and 100 A.D.?" and "What other animals are present in paintings with dogs (painted during the 19th century and in our collection)?" Standard database systems are not well suited to answering these sorts of questions, even though the basic data is properly stored in them. To answer pattern-oriented questions it is the accepted solution to transform the underlying (relational) data to what is called the data cube or cross tabulation form. We discuss how this can be done for non-numeric data, such as are found in museum collections and archives

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Abstract

Museum informatics is the study of the sociotechnical interactions that take place at the intersection of people, information, and technology in museums. This entry presents an overview of museum informatics, covering such topics as information representation, information organization and access, information management, information technology, information interactions, and information professionals in museums. It explores the impact of information science and technology on museums, museum professionals, and museum visitors, and argues that museum researchers must take a sociotechnical approach to studying the use of information resources and technologies in museums.

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Abstract

Users interact with museum application interfaces for many reasons. There are various types of users, who want to perform various tasks, in various contexts, that can access the same Web site. Thus, it is important to have user interfaces able to adapt to these different user requirements to facilitate the accomplishment of the desired goals. Most current interfaces to museum information do not take into account this variety of types of users, thus providing interfaces that some users find confusing to achieve their goals. In this article we discuss the various possible levels of support that can be given to different users during navigation of museum information. In particular, we focus our attention on how to obtain adaptable and adaptive interfaces using the web site for the Marble Museum, which we have designed and developed, as a source of examples for our discussion of possible solutions

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Abstract

The entry provides an overview of the data content standard, Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO), developed by the Visual Resources Association (VRA), and published in 2006 by the American Library Association (ALA). CCO fills a gap in the array of descriptive standards by providing guidelines for visual resources curators, museum documentation specialists, archivists, librarians, or anyone engaged in the documentation of works of art and architecture, objects of material culture, and their images. The entry begins by placing CCO within the context of object and visual image cataloging and the broader framework of data content standards. Following the organization of the guide, which is divided into three parts, General Guidelines, Elements, and Authorities, it summarizes the main features of CCO. Finally, it evaluates CCO in terms of its suitability for use by the metadata communities that form its intended audience, and its sustainability.

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Abstract

In 1996, with funding from the Henry Luce Foundation, Jack Lenor Larsen and an advisory committee composed of distinguished museum and design professionals developed Objects Classified by Mediums in response to the concern that existing systems do not provide the tools for comparing information on objects. A common understanding and definitions of terms are crucial to the success of a classification project meant to cross institutional and national boundaries. Objects Classified by Mediums seeks to organize areas of study in fiber, clay, metal, wood, and so on, to allow curators and scholars to compare information on similar methods used, build a conceptual framework for the greater understanding of whole categories of objects rather than as isolated works, and provide a finding tool for cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary investigation.

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Footnote

Rez. in: IfB 3(1995) H.2, S.354-356 (A. Karasch)

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Abstract

It may be jumping the gun a bit to review this publication before it is actually published, but we are nothing if not current here at Current Cites, so we will do it anyway (so sue us!). This publication-in-process is a joint effort of the Visual Resources Association and the Digital Library Federation. It aims to "provide guidelines for selecting, ordering, and formatting data used to populate catalog records" relating to cultural works. Although this work is far from finished (Chapters 1, 2, 7, and 9 are available, as well as front and back matter), the authors are making it available so pratictioners can use it and respond with information about how it can be improved to better aid their work. A stated goal is to publish it in print at some point in the future. Besides garnering support from the organizations named above as well as the Getty, the Mellon Foundation and others, the effort is being guided by experienced professionals at the top of their field. Get the point? If you're involved with creating metadata relating to any type of cultural object and/or images of such, this will need to be either on your bookshelf, or bookmarked in your browser, or both

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Abstract

Ellender Memorial Library at Nicholls State University, Louisiana has a slide collection including 10,000 slides in 60 sets devoted to art. Describes how the cataloguer solved the problem of entering sufficiently detailed records of this part of the collection on the OPAC of a small college library, using the OCLC authority file for artists' names and NUTPLUS which offers access via any combination of 15 data elements including e.g., aspects of the subject, call and item numbers and location of the works of art. NUTPLUS is now available in a new version, called Ultra-Plus Advanced, from Fairhaven Software of Stoughton, Massachusetts

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Abstract

The harmonization and extension of a taxonomy of works from the documentary to the artefactual domain represents an attempt to further knowledge sharing across cultural boundaries. The uses and users of works, both documentary and artefactual, are global-the need for this advance in the organization of knowledge is therefore also global. Works are the formal records of knowledge, the essential records of human accomplishment. Works are a global phenomenon despite potential cultural variations in their creation and instantiation, and the need to organize works for retrieval is likewise a global phenomenon. Artefacts (sculptures, paintings, realia, documents, books, scores, recordings, etc.) are the physical media collected by repositories of culture (libraries, archives, museums, etc.), and are the means by which works are communicated. Works mutate and derive across time and culture in response to their entrance into a canon of cultural meaning. In the present paper, we review the characteristics of documentary works. Then we extend the metaphor from the documentary environment to the artefactual environment. To carry the metaphor from the documentary domain to the artefactual domain we alter the terms of the definition slightly, thus: 1) instantiation is understood as content genealogy. an epistemological architecture of content-genealogy is presented, demonstrating the potential for mutation and derivation of the representations of artefacts. Case studies of Etruscan artefacts from the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology are used to demonstrate the inherence of the work in nondocumentary artefacts. An outline of a meta-theory of "works" is presented that harmonizes the documentary and artefactual domains.

Series

Advances in knowledge organization; vol.9

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Abstract

Purpose - This research project aims to provide a new visual representation of the Artefacts Canada digital collection, as well as a means for users to browse this content. Artefacts Canada Humanities is a database containing approximately 3.5 million records describing the different collections of Canadian museums. Design/methodology/approach - A four-step methodology was adopted for the development of the faceted taxonomy model. First, a best practice review consisting of an extensive analysis of existing terminology standards in museum communities and public web interfaces of large cultural organizations was performed. The second step of the methodology entailed a domain analysis; this involved extracting and comparing relevant concepts from terminological authoritative sources. The third step proceeded to term clustering and entity listing,which involved the breaking-up of the taxonomy domains into potential facets. An incremental user testing was also realized in order to validate and refine the taxonomy components (facets, values, and relationships). Findings - The project resulted in a bilingual and expandable vocabulary structure that will further be used to describe the Artefacts Canada database records. The new taxonomy simplifies the representation of complex content by grouping objects into similar facets to classify all records of the Artefacts Canada database. The user-friendly bilingual taxonomy provides worldwide visitors with the means to better access Canadian virtual museum collections. Originality/value - Few methodological tools are available for museums which wish to adopt a faceted approach in the development of their web sites. For practitioners, the methodology developed within this project is a direct contribution to support web site development of large cultural organizations.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Special Issue: Content architecture: exploiting and managing diverse resources: proceedings of the first national conference of the United Kingdom chapter of the International Society for Knowedge Organization (ISKO)

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Abstract

Museums are under pressure to deliver effective management and presentation of their collections, outreach to their public, cost effective use of all of their resources and the generation of maximum income. This book addresses such topics as what information means in the museum context, who uses it and what they need to do with it, developing a strategy for using information to benefit the museum, making the best use of the knowledge and skills of the museum staff, and acquiring the right mix of technology and managing it to support co-operation between people. Basic principles and practical advice is presented for integrated management of a whole range of information which museums need for productive use of human resources and for choosing and using technology effectively. The needs of small museums are given special attention and case studies show how a range of institutions have responded to the challenge.

Footnote

Rez. in: B.I.T.online 2(1999) H.4, S.511-512 (S. Schwarzenberger)

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Abstract

Hypermedia offers a new paradigm for the design of information systems, yet there are few working applications. The best situation is for a database to hold information and a hypermedia package to provide the interface. Explains why museum information systems are ideal for investigating the augmentation of traditional databases with hypermedia. 2 leading examples in the UK are the Micro Gallery at the National Gallery and the Design Museum public catalogue. Describes a prototype development of an interface for the visiting public to allow access to the museum database. Object records from Leicestershire Museums local collection and the George III collection of early scientific instruments from the Science Museum, London, were used. Object records were stored on an IBM PC in dBase databases. The hypermedia front-end was built using Hypercard on a Macintosh LC computer. Covers system design and evaluation

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Abstract

The National Gallery of Canada Library and Archives functions as Canada's national art and supports research on a national and international basis. Given this important mandate and the research interest in art exhibitions, it was important to catalogue the exhibition-related material and to publicize National Gallery holdings. Describes the project of creating an online finding aid for exhibition records and other material related to more than 1900 exhibitions held between 1880 and the present at the National Gallery of Canada. Sets out the goals and many benefits of the project