-
Axelos, C.; Flasch, K.; Schepers, H.; Kuhlen, R.; Romberg, R.; Zimmermann, R.: Allgemeines/Besonderes (1971-2007)
0.32
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- Abstract
- Als Erfinder des «Allgemeinen» gilt, gemäß dem Bericht des Aristoteles und seit diesem Bericht, Sokrates. Er ist es, der nicht mehr danach suchte, woraus ein Ding zu dem geworden ist, was es ist, oder wie es entstanden ist, sondern danach, «was [ein Ding] ist», und somit ist Sokrates der erste gewesen, der die Herausarbeitung des Allgemeinen (?a?????) forderte und mit seinen Fragen seine Gesprächspartner zu dieser Herausarbeitung trieb bzw. lockte; die Definition (???sµ??) war das Ziel des sokratischen Gesprächs, und die sokratische Aporie war das Vehikel.
- Footnote
- DOI: 10.24894/HWPh.5033. Vgl. unter: https://www.schwabeonline.ch/schwabe-xaveropp/elibrary/start.xav#__elibrary__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27verw.allgemeinesbesonderes%27%5D__1515856414979.
-
Donsbach, W.: Wahrheit in den Medien : über den Sinn eines methodischen Objektivitätsbegriffes (2001)
0.26
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- Abstract
- Das Problem der Wahrnehmung und Darstellung von Wahrheit durch die Medien führt zu vier zentralen Fragen: Wie viel Wahrheit gibt es in der Welt, über die Journalisten berichten müssen? Wie ermittelt oder recherchiert man diese Wahrheit? Wie trennt man die Spreu vom Weizen? Und wie geht man als Journalist mit dem um, was man als Wahrheit erkannt hat oder erkannt zu haben glaubt? Hier gibt es ganz offensichtlich eine Parallele zwischen Journalisten und Wissenschaftlern. Journalisten und Wissenschaftler brauchen erstens Hypothesen, zweitens geeignete Hypothesentests, drittens ein gutes Abgrenzungs-Kriterium und viertens Verfahren, um die erkannten Sachverhalte auf angemessene Weise für eine Kommunikation mit anderen zu repräsentieren, das heißt sie darzustellen. Es gibt zwei große Unterschiede zwischen Journalisten und Wissenschaftlern: Journalisten sind in der Regel auf raum-zeitlich begrenzte Aussagen aus, Wissenschaftler in der Regel auf raumzeitlich unbegrenzte Gesetze. Aber diese Unterschiede sind fließend, weil Wissenschaftler raum-zeitlich begrenzte Aussagen brauchen, um ihre All-Aussagen zu überprüfen, und Journalisten sich immer häufiger auf das Feld der allgemeinen Gesetzes-Aussagen wagen oder doch zumindest Kausalinterpretationen für soziale Phänomene anbieten. Der zweite Unterschied besteht darin, dass die Wissenschaft weitgehend professionalisiert ist (zumindest gilt dies uneingeschränkt für die Naturwissenschaften und die Medizin), was ihr relativ klare Abgrenzungs- und Güte-Kriterien beschert hat. Diese fehlen weitgehend im Journalismus.
- Content
- Der Beitrag basiert auf einem Vortrag beim 9. Ethiktag "Wissenschaft und Medien" am Zentrum für Ethik und Recht in der Medizin des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg im Februar 2001.
- Field
- Kommunikationswissenschaften
- Source
- Politische Meinung. 381(2001) Nr.1, S.65-74 [https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgfe.de%2Ffileadmin%2FOrdnerRedakteure%2FSektionen%2FSek02_AEW%2FKWF%2FPublikationen_Reihe_1989-2003%2FBand_17%2FBd_17_1994_355-406_A.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2KcbRsHy5UQ9QRIUyuOLNi]
-
Schrodt, R.: Tiefen und Untiefen im wissenschaftlichen Sprachgebrauch (2008)
0.25
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- Content
- Vgl. auch: https://studylibde.com/doc/13053640/richard-schrodt. Vgl. auch: http%3A%2F%2Fwww.univie.ac.at%2FGermanistik%2Fschrodt%2Fvorlesung%2Fwissenschaftssprache.doc&usg=AOvVaw1lDLDR6NFf1W0-oC9mEUJf.
- Source
- Wissenschaft, helldunkler Ort. Sprache im Dienst des Verstehens. Hrsg.: Maria Nicolini
-
Suchenwirth, L.: Sacherschliessung in Zeiten von Corona : neue Herausforderungen und Chancen (2019)
0.21
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- Abstract
- Eine der wesentlichen Aufgaben als Fachreferent*in ist die inhaltliche Erschließung der neuerworbenen Literatur, sowie die Begutachtung und Auswahl der neu erschienenen Werke in den jeweiligen Fachgebieten hinsichtlich der Relevanz für die eigenen Sammlungen gemäß dem Sammlungsprofil der TU Wien Bibliothek. Im Zuge der Corona-Krise wurde die herkömmliche Arbeitsweise in der Sacherschließung beeinträchtigt, und es haben sich neue Herausforderungen, aber auch Möglichkeiten ergeben. Neben der fehlenden Autopsie der Literatur leidet auch die Sichtung und Erwerbung neuer Literatur unter der physischen Abwesenheit vom Arbeitsplatz bzw. der entsprechenden technischen Infrastruktur. Auch der persönliche Austausch mit den Kolleg*innen wurde deutlich erschwert. Neben den Schwierigkeiten wurden aber auch die neuen Handlungsoptionen auf beruflicher und individueller Ebene positiv gesehen. In dem Artikel werden unsere individuellen Erfahrungen an der TU Wien Bibliothek sowie Ausblicke in die Zukunft wiedergegeben.
- Footnote
- https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.univie.ac.at%2Findex.php%2Fvoebm%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F5332%2F5271%2F&usg=AOvVaw2yQdFGHlmOwVls7ANCpTii.
- Source
- Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 73(2020) H.3/4, S.496-503
-
Li, L.; Shang, Y.; Zhang, W.: Improvement of HITS-based algorithms on Web documents
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- Content
- Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdelab.csd.auth.gr%2F~dimitris%2Fcourses%2Fir_spring06%2Fpage_rank_computing%2Fp527-li.pdf. Vgl. auch: http://www2002.org/CDROM/refereed/643/.
-
Popper, K.R.: Three worlds : the Tanner lecture on human values. Deliverd at the University of Michigan, April 7, 1978 (1978)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Ftannerlectures.utah.edu%2F_documents%2Fa-to-z%2Fp%2Fpopper80.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3f4QRTEH-OEBmoYr2J_c7H
-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
-
Herb, U.; Beucke, D.: ¬Die Zukunft der Impact-Messung : Social Media, Nutzung und Zitate im World Wide Web (2013)
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- Abstract
- Wissenschaftliche Karrieren und Publikationen benötigen Reputation und möglichst viel Beachtung. Literatur, die diese Aufmerksamkeit findet, wird - so die gängige Annahme - häufig zitiert. Ausgehend von dieser Überlegung wurden Verfahren der Zitationsmessung entwickelt, die Auskunft über die Relevanz oder (wie im- und explizit oft auch postuliert wird) gar die Qualität einer Publikation oder eines Wissenschaftlers geben sollen.
- Content
- Vgl. unter: https://www.leibniz-science20.de%2Fforschung%2Fprojekte%2Faltmetrics-in-verschiedenen-wissenschaftsdisziplinen%2F&ei=2jTgVaaXGcK4Udj1qdgB&usg=AFQjCNFOPdONj4RKBDf9YDJOLuz3lkGYlg&sig2=5YI3KWIGxBmk5_kv0P_8iQ.
-
Vetere, G.; Lenzerini, M.: Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures (2005)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5386707&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5386707.
-
Mas, S.; Marleau, Y.: Proposition of a faceted classification model to support corporate information organization and digital records management (2009)
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- Footnote
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?reload=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4755313%2F4755314%2F04755480.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4755480&authDecision=-203.
-
Zeng, Q.; Yu, M.; Yu, W.; Xiong, J.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, M.: Faceted hierarchy : a new graph type to organize scientific concepts and a construction method (2019)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Faclanthology.org%2FD19-5317.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0ZZFyq5wWTtNTvNkrvjlGA.
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Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
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- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
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Gödert, W.; Hubrich, J.; Boteram, F.: Thematische Recherche und Interoperabilität : Wege zur Optimierung des Zugriffs auf heterogen erschlossene Dokumente (2009)
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- Abstract
- Die Verwendung von Erschließungsinstrumenten zur Beschreibung von Informationsressourcen kann Effizienz und Effektivität thematischer Recherchen wesentlich steigern: standardisierte Begriffe unterstützen Recall und Precision begrifflicher Suchen; Ausweisung von Relationen bietet die Grundlage für explorative Suchprozesse. Eine zusätzliche Steigerung der Funktionalitäten des Retrievals kann mittels einer Ausdifferenzierung und Spezifizierung der in Normdaten enthaltenen semantischen Informationen erreicht werden, die über die in Thesauri und Klassifikationen verbreiteten grundlegenden Relationstypen (äquivalent, hierarchisch, assoziativ) hinausgehen. In modernen Informationsräumen, in denen Daten verschiedener Institutionen über eine Plattform zeit- und ortsunabhängig zugänglich gemacht werden, können einzelne Wissenssysteme indes nur unzureichend das Information Retrieval unterstützen. Zu unterschiedlich sind die für thematische Suchanfragen relevanten Indexierungsdaten. Eine Verbesserung kann mittels Herstellung von Interoperabilität zwischen den verschiedenen Dokumentationssprachen erreicht werden. Im Vortrag wird dargelegt, in welcher Art und Weise die in Wissenssystemen enthaltenen semantischen Informationen zur Unterstützung thematischer Recherchen optimiert werden können und inwiefern Interoperabilität zwischen Systemen geschaffen werden kann, die gleichwertige Funktionalitäten in heterogenen Informationsräumen gewährleisten. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch auf aktuelle Mappingprojekte wie das DFG-Projekt CrissCross oder das RESEDA-Projekt, welches sich mit den Möglichkeiten der semantischen Anreicherung bestehender Dokumentationssprachen befasst, eingegangen.
- Source
- https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bib-info/frontdoor/index/index/searchtype/authorsearch/author/%22Hubrich%2C+Jessica%22/docId/703/start/0/rows/20
-
Sandbothe, M.: Interaktivität - Hypertextualität - Transversalität : Eine medienphilosophische Analyse des Internet (1997)
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- Abstract
- Medien prägen unser Bild von der Wirklichkeit. Das gilt für die Medien im weiten, im engen und im engsten Sinn. Unter Medien im weiten Sinn verstehe ich die Anschauungsformen von Raum und Zeit. Sie fungieren als grundlegende Medien unseres Wahrnehmens und Erkennens, indem sie Gegenstände als identische Entitäten synthetisierbar machen. Diese Einsicht liegt der »kopernikanischen Wende« zugrunde, mit der Kant der modernen Philosophie das Fundament bereitet hat. Die nachkantische Philosophie hat von Hegel und Nietzsche über Heidegger, Dewey und den späten Wittgenstein bis Derrida, Goodman und Rorty vor Augen geführt, daß die Stärke dieses Fundaments in seiner Beweglichkeit, Offenheit und Veränderlichkeit liegt. Bei unseren raum-zeitlichen »Wei- sen der Welterzeugung« handelt es sich nicht um starre, uniforme und ahistorische Apparaturen. Die Medien menschlicher Wirklichkeitskonstruktion sind vielmehr geprägt durch bildliche, sprachliche und schriftliche Zeichensysteme, die historisch kontingent sind und kulturell divergieren.
- Date
- 14.11.2009 18:47:22
- Field
- Kommunikationswissenschaften
- Source
- Mythos Internet. Hrsg.: Stefan Münker, u. Alexander Roesler
- Theme
- Internet
-
Ackermann, E.: Piaget's constructivism, Papert's constructionism : what's the difference? (2001)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Piaget-%E2%80%99-s-Constructivism-%2C-Papert-%E2%80%99-s-%3A-What-%E2%80%99-s-Ackermann/89cbcc1e740a4591443ff4765a6ae8df0fdf5554. Darunter weitere Hinweise auf verwandte Beiträge. Auch unter: Learning Group Publication 5(2001) no.3, S.438.
- Field
- Kommunikationswissenschaften
-
Schöhl, W.: ¬Ein umfassendes Datenbanksystem für Print, Radio, Fernsehen und das Internet : Die Online-Anbindung, Adressverwaltung, Bürokommunikation und Medienanalyse (1997)
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- Abstract
- Es wird die Verknüpfung des Multimedia-Pressesystems mit den wichtigsten Online-Datenbanken von Zeitungen, Zeitschriften, Nachrichtenagenturen und em Internet vorgestellt. Mittels Direkt-Importprogrammen können alle Dokumente aus Online-Datenbanken feldweise in die interne Mediendatenbank heruntergeladen werden und stehen somit zur Medien- und Imageanalyse zur Verfügung. Durch die angebundene Imageverwaltung können die Online-Artikel durch Bilder oder Images der Printversion ergänzt werden. Die integrierte Personen- und Firmendatenbank sowie die Anbindung einer Journalistendatenbank an alle Arten von Mediendokumenten erweist sich als vorteilhaft für die Aufdatierung von Verteilern und die rasche Reaktion auf Medienereignisse. Die Datenbank für Bürokommunikation kann für die Verwaltung von Schriftverkehr auf ähnliche Weise wie die Mediendatenbank benutzt werden, was den Einarbeitungsaufwand minimieren soll. So kann an das Voicetype-Spracherkennungssystem von IBM angekoppelt werden, um so etwa das Abstracting bei Hörfunk- und Fernsehberichten zu vereinfachen. Die Dokumente des gesamten Datenbanksystems können schließlich über Intranet- und Internetanbindung relativ einfach und kostengünstig verteilt werden. Insgesamt soll die konsequente Anwendung solcher Datenbanksysteme zu einer Produktivitätssteigerung von 50-100% führen
- Footnote
- Fortsetzung des Teils 1 in NfD 47(1996) H.6, S.323-333.
-
Jefcoate, G.: ¬Eine Universalbibliothek und die Infobahn : ein Projekt der British Library zur Ausbreitung der internen Nutzung des Internets (1996)
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- Pages
- S.22-30
- Series
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie: Sonderh.63
- Source
- 85. Deutscher Bibliothekartag in Göttingen 1995: Die Herausforderung der Bibliotheken durch elektronische Medien und neue Organisationsformen. Hrsg.: S. Wefers
- Theme
- Internet
-
Schulzki-Haddouti, C.: Bürgerrechte im Netz : Zwischen Informationsfreiheit und Datenschutz (2005)
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- Abstract
- Demokratie kann nur auf der Basis eines ausgewogenen Spiels der Kräfte funktionieren. Öffentlichkeit ist hierbei ein ausgezeichnetes Mittel, dieses Spiel am Laufen zu halten. Medien, die Öffentlichkeit herstellen, werden deshalb sogar als »vierte Macht« bezeichnet. Sie werden dann zur Macht, wenn sie nicht nur als Vermittler der öffentlichen Meinung auftreten, sondern durch ihr Agieren selbst Gesellschaft gestalten. Hauptaufgabe der Medien ist es, eine Öffentlichkeit durch Transparenz herzustellen. Je mehr relevante Informationen Bürger erhalten, desto eher sind sie in der Lage, sich eine Meinung zu bilden. In den USA wird das Recht der Bürger auf Information umschrieben mit dem »Recht der Öffentlichkeit, zu wissen«, »the public's right to know«. Informationsfreiheit ermöglicht Bürgern, sich zu informieren, sich zu bilden und mündig Entscheidungen zu treffen. Die Medien stehen damit im Dienste des öffentlichen Interesses auf Wissen und Bildung.
- Date
- 10. 6.2005 17:22:21
- Field
- Kommunikationswissenschaften
- Source
- ¬Die Google-Gesellschaft: Vom digitalen Wandel des Wissens. Hrsg.: K. Lehmann, M. Schetsche
- Theme
- Internet
-
Springer, M.: Wie frei bleibt das Internet? : Das neue Medium zwischen Anarchie und Zensur (2011)
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- Content
- "Kürzlich sah ich mir auf DVD den »Glöckner von Notre-Dame« in der Hollywood-Verfilmung von 1939 an und war schon vom Beginn angetan. Da begutachtet der französische König zusammen mit dem Dompropst Frollo neugierig eine der ersten Buchpressen. Ludwig XI. gibt sich - zumindest in diesem Film - als allem Modernen aufgeschlossener Monarch und lobt das neue Medium des Buchdrucks als Vehikel für Aufklärung und Volksbildung. Der Kirchenmann hingegen wittert im Verlust des klerikalen Meinungsmonopols sofort die Gefahr von Aufruhr und Ketzerei. Die Debatte um Wohl und Wehe des Internets, angeheizt durch Veröffentlichungen unzähliger Geheimdokumente auf der Plattform Wikileaks, baut ähnliche Fronten auf. Die Befürworter begrüßen einen ungeahnten Zuwachs an Informationsfreiheit und bürgerlicher Mündigkeit, während Kritiker vor der riskanten Störung heikler diplomatischer Beziehungen durch Geheimnisverrat warnen. Beunruhigend fand ich als Kreditkartenbesitzer, wie schnell Mastercard und Visa bereit waren, offenbar dem Druck von Regierungen gehorchend, Wikileaks vom Zahlungsverkehr auszusperren und damit in seiner auf Spenden angewiesenen Existenz zu bedrohen. So etwas läuft nach meiner Sicht auf indirekte-ökonomisch gehebelte-staatliche Zensur hinaus.
Doch so eindeutig sind Gut und Böse im Dreieck Bürger-Staat - Internet nicht verteilt. Nur auf den ersten Blick steht der Einzelne, der sein Recht auf uneingeschränkte Information beansprucht, im Bund mit einem möglichst freien Internet, während der Staat das neue Medium angeblich bloß reglementieren will. Zu einer anderen Einschätzung kommt der Rechtswissenschaftler Tim Wu von der New Yorker Columbia University in seinem Buch »The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires«. Wu untersucht die Geschichte der Medien Radio, Tonträger, Film, Fernsehen und Internet in den USA und demonstriert an zahlreichen Beispielen ein wiederkehrendes Muster: Die jeweils neueste Technik macht Firmen reich, die mit ihrer wirtschaftlichen Macht ein Monopol darauf durchsetzen. Erst die Einführung der nächsten »neuen« Medientechnik bricht die ökonomische Alleinherrschaft. Im Licht von Wus Befund muss ich mein Dreieck zu einem Quadrat erweitern, mit mächtigen Medienkonzernen als viertem Pol. Aktuelle Beispiele wären Google und Apple. Jeder von beiden schickt sich auf seine Weise an, ein geschlossenes System zu organisieren, das sich krakengleich über das Internet ausbreitet, um es möglichst umfassend zu vereinnahmen. Der Grund ist nicht etwa, dass die zwei Möchtegern-Monopolisten »böse« wären - sie sind nur einfach auf expansives Wirtschaften programmiert. Im Viereck Bürger -Staat - Internet -Wirtschaft kommt darum dem Staat laut Wu eine durchaus positive Rolle zu: Er soll verhindern, dass das neue Medium von Konzernen vereinnahmt wird. So könnte etwa eine Kartellbehörde ihr Augenmerk speziell auf geballte Medienmacht im Internet richten. Übrigens: Wissen Sie, warum »Der Glöckner von Notre-Dame« in Hollywood gedreht wurde? Auch darüber gibt Wus Buch Auskunft. Die Firma des Erfinders Thomas Edison kontrollierte Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts mit ihren Patenten die gesamte Filmtechnik. Unter anderem diktierte sie, dass ein Kinofilm nur wenige Minuten lang sein dürfe, um die Aufmerksamkeit des Publikums nicht zu ermüden. Vor solchen Vorschriften flohen die ersten Filmstudios von der Ostküstenach Kalifornien - und gründeten Hollywood."
- Theme
- Internet
