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Abstract

Eines der Grundlagenwerke des bedeutenden Philosophen und Begründers des kritischen Rationalismus. Die Wahrheit ist objektiv und absolut. Aber wir können niemals sicher sein, daß wir die Wahrheit, die wir suchen, gefunden haben. Unser Wissen ist immer Vermutungswissen. Doch wir können unsere Vermutungen (unsere Theorien) kritisch überprüfen, unsere Fehlurteile entdecken und aus unseren Irrtümern lernen. Popper hat mit seiner Theiorie des Vermutungswissens und mit seiner Theorie der objektiven Erkenntnis ein neues Bild von Wissenschaft und des erkennenden, des wahrheitssuchenden Menschen geschaffen

Issue

Dt. Fassung der 4., verb. und erg. Aufl. nach einer Übers. von Hermann Vetter, in Abstimmung mit dem Autor überarb. von Ingeborg [...] Fleischmann].

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Abstract

David J. Chalmers constructs a highly ambitious and original picture of the world, from a few basic elements. He develops and extends Rudolf Carnap's attempt to do the same in Der Logische Aufbau Der Welt (1928). Carnap gave a blueprint for describing the entire world using a limited vocabulary, so that all truths about the world could be derived from that description--but his Aufbau is often seen as a noble failure. In Constructing the World, Chalmers argues that something like the Aufbau project can succeed. With the right vocabulary and the right derivation relation, we can indeed construct the world. The focal point of Chalmers's project is scrutability: roughly, the thesis that ideal reasoning from a limited class of basic truths yields all truths about the world. Chalmers first argues for the scrutability thesis and then considers how small the base can be. All this can be seen as a project in metaphysical epistemology: epistemology in service of a global picture of the world and of our conception thereof. The scrutability framework has ramifications throughout philosophy. Using it, Chalmers defends a broadly Fregean approach to meaning, argues for an internalist approach to the contents of thought, and rebuts W. V. Quine's arguments against the analytic and the a priori. He also uses scrutability to analyze the unity of science, to defend a conceptual approach to metaphysics, and to mount a structuralist response to skepticism. Based on Chalmers's 2010 John Locke lectures, Constructing the World opens up debate on central areas of philosophy including philosophy of language, consciousness, knowledge, and reality. This major work by a leading philosopher will appeal to philosophers in all areas.

Date

29. 8.2018 13:35:57

RSWK

Carnap, Rudolf: Der logische Aufbau der Welt

Subject

Carnap, Rudolf: Der logische Aufbau der Welt