-
Steierwald, U.: Wissen und System : zu Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz' Theorie einer Universalbibliothek (1995)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Knowledge organization 23(1996) no.4, S.232-233 (W. Totok)
- Isbn
- 3-7743-0576-5
- Series
- Kölner Arbeiten zum Bibliotheks- und Dokumentationswesen; H.22
-
Junger, U.; Scholze, F.: Neue Wege und Qualitäten : die Inhaltserschließungspolitik der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (2021)
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- Abstract
- Es kommt nicht oft vor, dass ein bibliothekfachliches Thema Gegenstand eines ganzseitigen Artikels im Feuilleton einer der wichtigsten überregionalen Zeitungen in Deutschland wird. Am 31. Juli 2017 war dies der Fall: Die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung veröffentlichte einen Artikel des Generaldirektors der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek, Klaus Ceynowa, in dem dieser sich kritisch mit einem Konzept zur inhaltlichen Erschließung auseinandersetzte, das die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) zuvor für die deutschsprachige bibliothekarische Community veröffentlicht hatte. Hatten bereits zuvor die Bemühungen der DNB, Verfahren zur maschinellen Dokumenterschließung zu entwickeln und einzusetzen, zu kontroversen Reaktionen im Bibliothekswesen geführt, so sorgte dieser Artikel noch einmal in besonderer Weise für Aufmerksamkeit und Diskussionen zu einem Thema, das vielen als eher verstaubt und unattraktiv galt: die Inhaltserschließung. Der folgende Beitrag zeichnet einige Grundlinien der Erschließungspolitik der DNB seit 2010 nach und beschreibt, welche Instrumente und Verfahren bei der Inhaltserschließung zum Einsatz kommen, welche konzeptionellen Entscheidungen ihr zugrunde liegen, wie versucht wird, Qualität zu erfassen und welche Entwicklungs- und Handlungsfelder für die Zukunft gesehen werden.
- Date
- 23. 9.2021 16:09:53
23. 9.2021 19:02:33
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 70
-
Lorenz, B.: Bibliotheksklassifikation als Spiegel der Wissenschaftsentwicklung : Beobachtungen zu einem Spannungsverhältnis (1997)
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- Pages
- S.23-34
- Source
- Fachschrifttum, Bibliothek und Naturwissenschaft im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Hrsg.: C. Meinel
-
Franke-Maier, M.; Kasprzik, A.; Ledl, A.; Schürmann, H.: Editorial (2021)
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- Abstract
- Es ist naheliegend, einen Band zur Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung damit zu beginnen, den Begriff Qualität als solchen zu reflektieren. Wenn wir Qualität gemäß der ISO-Norm 9000:2015-1 definieren als "Grad, in dem ein Satz inhärenter Merkmale eines Objekts Anforderungen erfüllt", was sind dann die Qualitätsanforderungen an die Inhaltserschließung? Auf diese Frage gibt es zweifellos keine eindeutige und allgemeingültige Antwort - zumindest war das das Ergebnis der Diskussion unter den Herausgeber:innen dieses Bandes. Dementsprechend beleuchten wir die Frage im Folgenden aus vier unterschiedlichen Perspektiven: zunächst aus einer eher idealistischen, im Berufsethos verankerten, dann aus einer rein fachlichen und schließlich aus einer praktischen Perspektive. Die vierte, die deskriptive bzw. historische, geht als eigener Aufsatz von Andreas Ledl in den Band ein.
- Date
- 23. 9.2021 16:09:53
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 70
-
Zerbst, H.-J.; Kaptein, O.: Gegenwärtiger Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen der Sacherschließung : Auswertung einer Umfrage an deutschen wissenschaftlichen und Öffentlichen Bibliotheken (1993)
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- Abstract
- Ergebnis einer Umfrage aus dem Frühjahr 1993. A. Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken: Versandt wurde der Fragebogen an die Mitglieder der Sektion IV des DBV. Fragen: (1a) Um welchen Bestand handelt es sich, der sachlich erschlossen wird? (1b) Wie groß ist dieser Bestand? (1c) Wird dieser Bestand vollständig oder nur in Auswahl (einzelne Fächer, Lehrbücher, Dissertationen o.ä.) sachlich erschlossen? (1d) Seit wann bestehen die jetzigen Sachkataloge? (2) Auf welche Art wird der Bestand zur Zeit sachlich erschlossen? (3a) Welche Klassifikation wird angewendet? (3b) Gibt es alphabetisches SyK-Register bzw. einen Zugriff auf die Klassenbeschreibungen? (3c) Gibt es ergänzende Schlüssel für die Aspekte Ort, Zeit, Form? (4) Falls Sie einen SWK führen (a) nach welchem Regelwerk? (b) Gibt es ein genormtes Vokabular oder einen Thesaurus (ggf. nur für bestimmte Fächer)? (5) In welcher Form existieren die Sachkataloge? (6) Ist die Bibliothek an einer kooperativen Sacherschließung, z.B. in einem Verbund beteiligt? [Nein: 79%] (7) Nutzen Sie Fremdleistungen bei der Sacherschließung? [Ja: 46%] (8) Welche sachlichen Suchmöglichkeiten gibt es für Benutzer? (9) Sind zukünftige Veränderungen bei der Sacherschließung geplant? [Ja: 73%]. - B. Öffentliche Bibliotheken: Die Umfrage richtete sich an alle ÖBs der Sektionen I, II und III des DBV. Fragen: (1) Welche Sachkataloge führen Sie? (2) Welche Klassifikationen (Systematiken) liegen dem SyK zugrunde? [ASB: 242; KAB: 333; SfB: 4 (???); SSD: 11; Berliner: 18] (3) Führen Sie ein eigenes Schlagwort-Register zum SyK bzw. zur Klassifikation (Systematik)? (4) Führen Sie den SWK nach ...? [RSWK: 132 (= ca. 60%) anderen Regeln: 93] (5) Seit wann bestehen die jetzigen Sachkataloge? (6) In welcher Form existiern die Sachkataloge? (7) In welchem Umfang wird der Bestand erschlossen? (8) Welche Signaturen verwenden Sie? (9) Ist die Bibliothek an einer kooperativen Sacherschließung, z.B. einem Verbund, beteiligt? [Nein: 96%] (10) Nutzen Sie Fremdleistungen bei der Sacherschließung? [Ja: 70%] (11) Woher beziehen Sie diese Fremdleistungen? (12) Verfügen Sie über ein Online-Katalogsystem mit OPAC? [Ja: 78; Nein: 614] (13) Sind zukünftig Veränderungen bei der Sacherschließung geplant? [Nein: 458; Ja: 237]; RESÜMEE für ÖB: "(i) Einführung von EDV-Katalogen bleibt auch in den 90er Jahren ein Thema, (ii) Der Aufbau von SWK wird in vielen Bibliotheken in Angriff genommen, dabei spielt die Fremddatenübernahme eine entscheidende Rolle, (iii) RSWK werden zunehmend angewandt, Nutzung der SWD auch für andere Regeln wirkt normierend, (iv) Große Bewegung auf dem 'Systematik-Markt' ist in absehbarer Zeit nicht zu erwarten, (v) Für kleinere Bibliotheken wird der Zettelkatalog auf absehbare Zeit noch die herrschende Katalogform sein, (vi) Der erhebliche Nachholbedarf in den neuen Bundesländern wird nur in einem größeren Zeitraum zu leisten sein. ??? SPEZIALBIBIOTHEKEN ???
-
Greubel, R.: ¬Die Abteilungsbibliothek Schweinfurt der Fachhochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt-Aschaffenburg (1995)
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- Source
- Bibliotheksforum Bayern. 23(1995) H.?, S.349-360
-
Ledl, A.: Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung : ein Überblick aus 50 Jahren (1970-2020) (2021)
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- Abstract
- In diesem Beitrag sollen Aspekte des Diskurses eines halben Jahrhunderts über die Qualität von Sacherschließung im deutschsprachigen Raum anhand ausgewählter Publikationen skizziert werden. Einschlusskriterium bei der Selektion der Texte war, dass der Begriff Qualität unmittelbar auf Inhalts- bzw. Sacherschließung bezogen ist, also nicht zwischen den Zeilen herausgelesen werden muss. Der subjektive Abriss erhebt keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Als erstes fällt auf, dass das Thema Qualität der Inhaltserschließung in den 1970er Jahren weit weniger häufig diskutiert wird als in den Jahrzehnten danach. Dies ist dem Umstand geschuldet, dass sich seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in punkto Sacherschließung nur wenig getan hat. Die Bibliotheken kooperieren nicht untereinander und nehmen bei der Inhaltserschließung vor allem ihre eigenen Bestände in den Blick -Qualität ist daher höchstens ein internes Thema. Was qualitätvoll sein muss, ist der universelle Bestand an sich.
- Date
- 23. 9.2021 16:09:53
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 70
-
Buckland, M.: Vom Mikrofilm zur Wissensmaschine : Emanuel Goldberg zwischen Medientechnik und Politik : Biografie (2010)
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- Abstract
- Emanuel Goldberg (1881-1970), Chemiker, Ingenieur und Gründer von Zeis Ikon. Er beeinflusste maßgeblich die Bildtechnologie in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Ist Emanuel Goldberg der Erfinder der ersten Suchmaschine? 1932 bereits entwickelte er ein Gerät, das das Suchen, Auffinden und Anzeigen von beliebig vielen Dokumenten möglich machte. Diese Statistische Maschine, wie er sie nannte, kamen verschiedenste Technologien auf kreative Art und Weise zusammen: Mikrofilm für das Speichern von Dokumenten; Lochkarten für die Spezifikation der Suchanfragen; Elektronik für das Erkennen von Codierungsmustern; Optik; Kinematographie für die beweglichen Teile; und Telefonie für die Dateneingabe. Goldberg leistete Pionierarbeit, denn die Statistische Maschine scheint der erste Bildschirmarbeitsplatz mit elektronischen Komponenten gewesen zu sein und darüber hinaus das erste System zur Auffindung von Dokumenten, das über die Lokalisation von Einträgen mit bereits bekannten Positionsadressen hinausging und sich dem wesentlich anspruchsvolleren Unterfangen widmete, Dokumente hinsichtlich bestimmter Suchkriterien suchen, auswählen und abbilden zu können. Michael Buckland zeichnet hier eine unglaubliche Lebensgeschichte nach, die nicht nur Goldbergs Kreativität und Genialität honoriert, sondern auch ein intellektueller und gesellschaftlicher Spiegel ist - einer historisch wichtigen Zeit für die Geschichte der Informationswissenschaften und Technologie.
- Isbn
- 978-3-86938-015-5
-
Riplinger, T.: ¬Die Bedeutung der Methode Eppelsheimer für Theorie und Praxis der bibliothekarischen und der dokumentarischen Sacherschließung (2004)
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- Abstract
- Der Artikel beleuchtet den einzigartigen Beitrag von Hanns Wilhelm Eppelsheimer (1890-1972) zur Theorie und Praxis der facettierten klassifikatorischen Sacherschließung. Hauptpunkt seiner Methode ist die klare Trennung zwischen den klassifikatorisch abgebildeten, disziplin-spezifischen Begriffsbeziehungen einerseits und den durch sog. "Schlüssel" abgebildeten, dokument-spezifischen Behandlungsaspekten andererseits.
- Date
- 22. 3.2008 13:33:51
- Source
- Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 28(2004) H.2, S.252-262
-
Krems, H.: ¬Das ARK-Online-Projekt der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin : Online-Sacherschließung für drei Millionen Bände von 1501 bis 1955 (2012)
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- Abstract
- Der Alte Realkatalog (ARK) der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, ein im 19. Jahrhundert angelegter Sachkatalog, erschließt rund drei Millionen Bände, die zwischen 1501 und 1955 erschienen sind. Ziel des ARK-Online-Projekts ist es, die Systematik des über 1.800 Bände umfassenden Katalogs online bereitzustellen und die Titelanzeige für alle Systemstellen zu ermöglichen. Damit wird der deutschlandweit umfangreichste historische Druckschriftenbestand über eine Online-Systematik erschlossen. - Die einzelnen Systemstellen werden mit Elementen der modernen Sacherschließung in Form von Schlagworten und Basisklassifikation beschrieben. Diese Sacherschließungsdaten werden im Rahmen des Projektes für eine automatisierte Übertragung auf die Titel des Altbestands genutzt. Damit kann eine sachliche Online-Titelrecherche gemeinsam für den Neubestand und den bisher weitestgehend so nicht erschlossenen Altbestand lokal, überregional und weltweit erfolgen.
- Source
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie. 59(2012) H.5, S.236-246
-
Schunke, I.: ¬Die systematischen Ordnungen und ihre Entwicklungen : Versuch einer geschichtlichen Übersicht (1927)
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- Footnote
- Die in diesem Beitrag entwickelte Unterteilung von Klassifikationssystemen in 'wissenschaftliche', 'philosophisch-enzyklopädische' und 'bibliothekarische' ist später immer wieder aufgegriffen und im Sinne einer Typologie verwendet worden
-
Hartmann, F.: Paul Otlets Hypermedium : Dokumentation als Gegenidee zur Bibliothek (2015)
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- Abstract
- Schon zur Wende ins 20. Jahrhundert zweifelte der belgische Privatgelehrte Paul Otlet an der Zukunft des Buches und der Bibliothek. Statt dessen begann er damit, eine Dokumentation und Neuorganisation des Weltwissens anzulegen, und mittels eines Karteikartensystems (Répertoire Bibliographique Universel) zu vernetzen. Dieses Projekt eines flexiblen, abfrageorientierten Wissensbestandes in einem 'Hypermedium' (Otlet) besetzte jene technologische Leerstelle, die inzwischen eine die bibliothekarische Epoche aufsprengende neue Wissenskultur der digitalen Medialität produziert hat.
- Date
- 22. 8.2016 15:58:46
-
Schüler, M.: ¬Die Entwicklung der Sacherschließung in Deutschland im Spiegel des 'Zentralblatts für Bibliothekswesen' und der 'Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie' von 1945-1977 (1985)
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-
Schultze, W.: ¬Die Zukunft unserer Realkataloge (1928)
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- Imprint
- Berlin : Verl. von Struppe und Winckler
- Source
- Von Büchern und Bibliotheken. [Festschrift] Ernst Kuhnert. Hrsg.: Gustav Abb
-
Rang, B.: Zur Frage der Systematik und der Neuordnung der systematischen Kataloge (1939)
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- Date
- 5. 8.1999 11:36:17
-
Pettee, J.: ¬The subject approach to books and the development of the dictionary catalog (1985)
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- Date
- 3. 7.2005 10:23:39
- Footnote
- Nachdruck des Originalartikels mit Kommentierung durch die Herausgeber
Original in: Pettee, J.: The history and theory of the alphabetical subject approach to books. New York: Wilson 1946. S.22-25.
-
Minter, C.: Systematic or mechanical arrangement? : Revisiting a debate in German library science, 1790-1914 (2017)
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- Abstract
- This article examines changing views on "systematic" or classified shelf-arrangement in German library science from Kayser's 1790 work Ueber die Manipulation bey der Einrichtung einer Bibliothek to the 1914 Versammlung deutscher Bibliothekare in Leipzig, at which Georg Leyh delivered the seminal paper, "Systematische oder mechanische Aufstellung?" Systematic arrangement was, with few exceptions, held up as an ideal throughout the nineteenth century; but by 1914 it could be agreed to belong to a past era in which, in the words of Leyh, libraries ran as a "Kleinbetrieb" [small business] (Leyh 1913, 100, "Das Dogma von der systematischen Aufstellung II-IV." Zentralblatt für Bibliothekswesen 30:97-135). In particular, this article seeks to explore how changing views on the ideal of systematic shelf-arrangement in German library science during this period reflected evolving conceptions of librarianship. For nineteenth-century writers such as Ebert, Molbech, and Petzholdt, systematic classification and arrangement had meaning against the backdrop of an encyclopedic tradition within which libraries and librarians played an important role in organizing and presenting a rational overview of the universe of knowledge - an overview that was to be both physical and intellectual. The waning of the ideal of systematic arrangement at the turn of the twentieth century was associated with a sense of loss, as an intellectual or "scholarly" tradition of librarianship was seen to give way to more utilitarian and "bureaucratic" expectations. The changing fortunes of the ideal of systematic arrangement in German library science between 1790 and 1914 may be seen to illustrate how progress and loss are often inextricably linked in the history of libraries and librarianship
- Date
- 16. 3.2019 14:34:23
-
Heinrich, G.: Gegenwärtiger Stand und aktuelle Tendenzen der Sacherschließung in Universalbibliotheken (1978)
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- Footnote
- Enthält die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage
- Series
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie: Sonderh.26
- Source
- Die wissenschaftliche Bibliothek 1977
-
Heinrich, G.: Klassifikatorische Sacherschließung in deutschen Bibliotheken (1978)
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- Abstract
- Darstellung der Benutzung von universalen Klassifikationssystemen in den 50 wissenschaftlichen Universalbibliotheken und den 362 Öffentlichen Bibliotheken aufgrund der Ergebnisse zweier Umfragen aus dem Jahr 1977 in tabellarischer Form und Diskussion. Eine Übernahmebereitschaft von Klassifikationssystemen scheint trotz gegenwärtig noch stark unterschiedlicher Praxis vorhanden zu sein. Möglichkeiten und Voraussetzungen für eine Kooperation und zentrale Klassifizierung werden genannt. Des weiteren wird ein Überblick über die Benutzung von Sachkatalogen (Systematischen und Schlagwortkatalogen) in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken der BRD sowie eine Übersicht über hauptsächlich vorkommende Arten zweigleisiger Sacherschließung in bestimmten Bibliotheken gegeben. Die Voraussetzungen für Angleichungsprozesse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Funktionsbestimmung und Erschließungstiefe werden diskutiert. Auch wird abschließend auf die Möglichkeiten von Revisions- und Reklassifizierungsverfahren, auch mit Computerhilfe, hingewiesen
-
Zedelmaier, H.: Werkstätten des Wissens zwischen Renaissance und Aufklärung (2015)
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- Abstract
- Suchmaschinen vermitteln uns im globalen Netz Informationen sekundenschnell. Wie wir Informationen suchen, wie wir lesen und das Gelesene verarbeiten, hat sich radikal verändert. Einem ebenso tiefgreifenden Wandel sind die Agenturen und Institutionen unterworfen, die Wissen aufbereiten, es in Bewegung setzen und verkaufen. Die Erfahrung von Veränderung schärft die historische Aufmerksamkeit für alltägliche Praktiken der Wissensproduktion, ihre historischen Kontexte und Transformationen. Helmut Zedelmaier untersucht Wissenspraktiken von Gelehrten zwischen Renaissance und Aufklärung. Welche Techniken und Methoden nutzten sie, um gesuchte Informationen zu finden? Wie haben sie ihr Wissen verwaltet und verarbeitet? Welche Kräfte und Kontexte bewirkten in diesem Zeitraum Veränderungen der Praktiken und Institutionen der Wissensproduktion? Heutige Visionäre digitaler Wissenswelten wollen uns davon überzeugen, dass wir uns in eine Gesellschaft hineinbewegen, in der immer mehr Menschen immer mehr wissen. Löst man sich von der Fixierung auf das bloße Wachstum von Daten und deren digitale Verarbeitungsmöglichkeiten, zeigt sich die beschränkte Erklärungskraft von einfachen Fortschrittsgeschichten. Auch darum geht es dem Autor: um die historische Relativierung der viel beschworenen 'digitalen Revolution', die vieles von ihrem revolutionären Charakter verliert, lässt man sich genauer auf die buchgestützte Welt und ihre Werkstätten ein. Wissen war damals und ist noch heute ein vermitteltes Produkt, das nicht einfach vorliegt, das sich nicht bloß aus Einsichten und Ideen ergibt. Wissen ist immer auch ein Produkt, das historisch wandelbaren Praktiken und Werkzeugen unterliegt, die eher anonym wirksam und deshalb schwer fassbar sind.
- BK
- 02.01 (Geschichte der Wissenschaft und Kultur)
- Classification
- 02.01 (Geschichte der Wissenschaft und Kultur)
- Content
- Inhalt: Einleitung : das Interesse am Wissen -- Wissen erwerben Lesen als Tätigkeit -- Wissen suchen : der aufschlussreiche Index -- Wissen sammeln : die Geschichte des Exzerpierens -- Wissen verwalten : die Geburt des Zettelkastens -- Wissen kontrollieren : die Reinigung der Bücher -- Wissen repräsentieren : die Bibliothek als Herrschaftsinstrument -- Wissen disziplinieren : der Vielwisser in der Kritik -- Wissen ausgrenzen : Vorsintflutliche Zeiten -- Epilog -- Dank -- Anmerkungen -- Literatur -- Textnachweise -- Abbildungsnachweise -- Personenregister. Vgl.: https://www.mohr.de/buch/werkstaetten-des-wissens-zwischen-renaissance-und-aufklaerung-9783161538070.
