-
Zenker, H.; Bleul, I.: ¬Die Informationstätigkeit in staatlichen allgemeinen öffentlichen Bibliotheken : Grundsätze und Empfehlungen (1969)
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- Source
- Bibliothekar. 23(1969), S.481-488
-
Beck, H.: ¬Das Schlagwortregister zum systematischen Katalog (1966)
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- Pages
- S.23-42
- Source
- Weite Welt und breites Leben: Festschrift der UB der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena zum 80. Geb. von Karl Bulling am 24.7.1965
-
Scheele, M.: Thesaurus : Baustein jeder Fachdokumentation (1964)
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- Abstract
- Eine ständig wachsende Zahl von Dokumentaren und Dokumentationsstellen erkennt die Bedeutung des Thesaurus als Grundlage jeder Dokumentationsarbeit. Diesem Umstand will die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentation auch dadurch Rechnung tragen, daß sie einen Gesprächskreis für Thesaurusfragen in Leben ruft. Der nachfolgende Aufsatz soll einen allgemeinen Überblick geben und zu weiteren Arbeiten und Diskussionen über dieses Thema anregen.
- Date
- 25. 9.1997 14:23:40
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Reichmann, F.: Cornell's reclassification program (1962)
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- Source
- College and research libraries. 23(1962) no.5, S.369-374;440-450
-
Bibliothekarisch-bibliographische Klassifikation. Tafeln für wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken (1967 ff.)
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- Content
- 1. Einführung (1978) 2. A. Marxismus-Leninismus (1969) 3. B. Naturwissenschaften insgesamt. V. Physikalisch-math. Wissenschaften (1968) 4. Chemische Wissenschaften (1967) 5. D. Geowissenschaften. Geodäsie, Geophysik, Geologie u. Geographie (1972) 6. E. Biologische Wissenschaften (1969) 7,1 Z. Technik. Technische Wissenschaften insgesamt (1972) 7,2 Z. Energetik. Hochfrequenzelektronik (1974) 8. I. Bergbau K. Technologie der Metalle, Maschinen- u. Gerätebau (1987) 9,1 L. Chemische Technologie. Chemische und Nahrungsmittelproduktion (Halbband 1.2. 1972) 9,2 M. Holztechnologie.Leichtindustrie. Polygraphische Industrie. Photokinotechnik (1980) 10. N. Bauwesen (1985) 11. O. Transport (Halbband 1.2. 1973) 12. P. Land- und Forstwirtschaft. Landwirtschaftliche und forstwissen-schaftliche Wissenschaften (1968) 14,1 S. Gesellschaft-wissenschaften insgesamt. T 0/2. Geschichte. Historische Wissenschaften (Allg. Teil 1970) 14,2 T 3(2) Geschichte der UdSSR (1974) 14,3 S. Gesellschaftswissenschaften insgesamt. T 3 (4/9). Geschichte der Länder außerhalb der Sowjetunion (1971) 14,4 T. Archäologie. Ethnographie (1986) 15. U. Wirtschaft. Wirtschaftswiss. (Textband 1.2 1985) 15. U. Wirtschaft.Wirtschaftswissenschaften (Register 1985) 16. F 6/7 Politische Parteien. Geselschaftliche Organisationen (Textband 1.2 1977) 16. F 6/7 Politische Parteien. Gesellschaftliche Organisationen (Register 1977) 17. Ch. Staat und Recht. Rechts-wissenschaft (1978) 18. C. Militärwissenschaft. Militärwesen (1978) 19. C. Kultur. Wissenschaft, Bildung (1972) 20. S. Philologische Wissenschaften. Schöne Literatur (1985) 21. Sc Kunst. Kunstwissenschaft (1968) 22. E. Religion. Atheismus (1976) 23. Ju. Philosphische Wissenschaften. Psychologie (1973) 24. Ja. Literatur universalen Inhalts (1967) 25. Hilfstafeln (1967)
-
Moss, R.: Minimum vocabularies in information indexing (1967)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 23(1967), S.184
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Beckerath, M. von: ¬Das Fach Geographie im Sachkatalog einer wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek (1964)
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- Date
- 3.10.2000 10:23:34
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Bernhardt, R.: Computer Einsatz bei der Herstellung der Deutschen Bibliographie (1966)
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- Source
- Nachrichten für Dokumentation. 17(1966), S.23-30
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Cuadra, C.A.; Katter, R.V.: Opening the black box of 'relevance' (1967)
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- Source
- Journal of documentation. 23(1967), S.291-303
-
Clements, D.W.G.: Use made of public reference libraries (1967)
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- Journal of documentation. 23(1967), S.131-145
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Highhum, C.D.: Cataloging for document retrieval at Florida Atlantic University (1964)
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- 20. 1.1997 8:09:23
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Richmond, P.A.: Systems evaluation by comparison testing (1966)
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- Source
- College and research libraries. 27(1966) no.1, S.23-30;36
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Fill, K.: ¬Die Dezimalklassifikation im allgemeinen und in Deutschland (1967)
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- Source
- DK-Mitteilungen. 12(1967) Nr.5, S.19-22
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Paisley, W.J.; Parker, E.B.: Information retrieval as a receiver-controlled communication system (1965)
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- Pages
- S.23-31
-
LaMontagne, L.E.: American library classification : with special reference to the Library of Congress (1961)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: College and research libraries 23(1962) no.4, S.356-357 (M.F. Tauber)
-
Cleverdon, C.W.; Mills, J.: ¬The testing of index language devices (1963)
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- Date
- 13. 3.1999 18:23:11
-
Budach, A.; Pflug, G.: ¬Die neuen Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung (1969)
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- Source
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie. 16(1969) H.5/6, S.374-380
-
Riesman, D.; Denney, R.; Glazer, N.: ¬Die einsame Masse : eine Untersuchung der Wandlungen des amerikanischen Charakters (1962)
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- Abstract
- Aus Rez. der FAZ: Der Autor und seine beiden Mitarbeiter hatten sich vorgenommen, einen Strukturwandel in den Grundlagen des "sozialen Charakters", den sie heute in Amerika in steigendem Maße beobachten, darzustellen. Das geschieht vor der Folie eines beinahe schon historischen Rückblicks auf das, was man bisher die moderne Gesellschaft genannt hat. Sie ist geschaffen worden durch Renaissance und Reformation, durch die industrielle Expansion und die politischen Revolutionen der btzten drei Jahrhunderte. Für Riesman gehört dieses Zeitalter heute der Vergangenheit an. Er weiß natürlich genau, daß es de facto noch sehr lebendig ist und niemals ganz ausgelöscht werden wird, aber nach seiner Meinung "beginnt in den fortgeschrittenen Ländern der Erde, insbesondere in Amerika, bereits eine andere Revolution", die mit einer Reihe neuer sozialer Entwicklungen "und dem Uebergang aus dem Zeitalter der Produktion in das Zeitalter des Konsums verbunden ist". Riesman unterscheidet drei Stadien der sozialen Entwicklung seit dem Mittelalter. Sie lassen sich schematisch festlegen durch den Verlauf der Bevölkerungskurve: In ihrer mittelalterlichen Phase war sie gekennzeichnet durch hohen Bevölkerungsumsatz bei gleichbleibender Gesamtzahl. Mit der Bevölkerungswelle, das heißt der plötzlichen Vergrößerung der Einwohnerzahlen in Europa, treten wir in die Neuzeit ein. Die Gegenwart weist sica durch beginnende Bevölkerungsschrumpfung aus.
Jedem der drei Stadien der Bevölkerungskurve entspricht ein bestimmter sozialer Charakter, der die Verhaltenssicherheit der Menschen bestimmt. In der Periode des hohen Bevölkerungsumsatzes wurde das soziale Dasein durch traditionelle Normen stabilisiert, die von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben werden konnten. Riesman nennt die Menschen der mittelalterlichen Gesellschaft deshalb traditionsgeleitet. Im Stadium der Expansion wurden die traditionellen Normen abgebaut. Jede neue Generation sah sich Fragen gegenüber, die mit dem überlieferten sozialen Vorstellungskanon der vorangegangenen Generation nicht mehr bewältigt werden konnten. Die Verhaltenssicherheit mußte auf andere Weise gewährleistet werden. Es geschah schließlich dadurch, daß sich die Individuen in der Geseilschaft der Bevölkerungswelle "frühzeitig ein Schema, von verinnerlichten Lebenszielen aneigneten". Sie erhielten keine Anweisungen mehr für die jeweilige konkrete Situation, weil sie unvorhersehbar geworden war, sondern nur noch bestimmte prinzipielle Leitvorstellungen. Riesman gebraucht dafür das Bild vom Kreiselkompaß im Innern des Individuums und nennt diese Form des sozialen Charakters innengeleitet.
Mit dem Eintritt in die Phase der Bevölkerungsschrumpfung macht die Innen-Lenkung immer mehr einem neuen Bezugshorizont Platz, der Außen-Lenkung. Die Menschen dieser Phase, in die Amerika gerade eingetreten ist, orientieren sich nicht mehr an einem verinnerlichten Wertsystem, sondern an den Erwartungen und Wünschen der anderen. Sie zeigen sich außerordentlich empfänglich für die wechselnden Signale in ihrer Umwelt und sind ängstlich darauf bedacht, ihr. Leben kooperativ und konform mit der Gruppe, in der sie leben, zu verbringen. Das Orientierungsorgan in dieser Zeit ist nicht mehr der Kreiselkompaß, sondern das Radargerät. Das ist die Stunde der.Konsumgesellschaft! Der neue Verhaltenstyp tritt besonders im gehobenen Mittelstand der Städte in Erscheinung, eher in den Großstädten übrigens als ■in kleinen Orten. Riesman beschränkt sich im Rahmen seiner Untersuchung darauf, ihn vorerst als ein wesentlich amerikanisches Phänomen zu beschreiben, aber es kann kein Zweifel darüber bestehen, daß er sich auch bei uns ankündigt. Sein Auftreten ist eine Folge der äußersten Perfektion in der industriellen Produktion und der immer schneller werdenden Umsetzung modischer Parolen jeder Art durch die Massenmedien. Automation und Mechanisierung führen schon heute auf den Punkt, an dem das Warenangebot so groß wird, daß nicht mehr die Produktion, sondern der abschöpfende Konsum zur volkswirtschaftlichen Pflicht erklärt werden muß.
Die Beschäftigtenziffern in den Grundstoffindustrien gehen zurück, während die Dienstleistungsberufe auf allen Gebieten großen Zulauf erfahren. Das hat zur Folge, daß das Feld der sozialen Kontakte sich unaufhörlich verbreitert, während die Massenmedien gleichzeitig für die Sozialisierung der Erlebnisse und der Konsumwünsche sorgen. Der außengeleitete Verhaltenstyp hat zwei Verpflichtungen: von den anderen wohlgelitten zu sein und zu beweisen, daß er seiner Konsumentenaufgabe gewachsen ist. An ihnen hat er schwer zu tragen, viel schwerer, als es aussieht. "Unter dem Zwang, mit einer Vielzahl von Menschen verkehren, sie für sich gewinnen und beeinflussen zu müssen, behandelt der außengeleitete Mensch alle anderen Menschen wie Kunden, die immer recht haben. Die verschiedenen Rollen, die er infolgedessen den verschiedenen Kunden gegenüber anzunehmen hat, sind aber nun weder institutionalisiert noch klar voneinander abgesetzt. Das kann dazu führen, daß der außengeleitete Mensch nicht viel mehr ist als die Abfolge verschiedener Rollen und Begegnungen mit anderen und schließlich nicht mehr weiß, wer er eigentlich und wirklich ist und was mit ihm geschieht." Damit schließt sich dann der Kreis, denn nun befindet er selbst sich im idealen Zustand des Kunden: nur noch Empfänglichkeit für die Angebote seiner Umwelt zu sein."
- Date
- 22. 9.2021 16:02:03
-
Habermas, J.: Technik und Wissenschaft als »Ideologie« (1968)
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- Abstract
- Max Weber hat den Begriff der »Rationalität« eingeführt, um die Form der kapitalistischen Wirtschaftstätigkeit, des bürgerlichen Privatrechtsverkehrs und der bürokratischen Herrschaft zu bestimmen. Rationalisierung meint zunächst die Ausdehnung der gesellschaftlichen Bereiche, die Maßstäben rationaler Entscheidung unterworfen werden. Dem entspricht die Industrialisierung der gesellschaftlichen Arbeit mit der Folge, daß Maßstäbe instrumentalen Handelns auch in andere Lebensbereiche eindringen (Urbanisierung der Lebensweise, Technisierung des Verkehrs und der Kommunikation). In beiden Fällen handelt es sich um die Durchsetzung des Typus zweckrationalen Handelns: hier bezieht er sich auf die Organisation von Mitteln, dort auf die Wahl zwischen Alternativen. Die Planung schließlich kann als ein zweckrationales Handeln zweiter Stufe aufgefaßt werden: sie zielt auf die Einrichtung, Verbesserung oder Erweiterung der Systeme zweckrationalen Handelns selber. Die fortschreitende »Rationalisierung « der Gesellschaft hängt mit der Institutionalisierung des wissenschaftlichen und des technischen Fortschritts zusammen. In dem Maße, in dem Technik und Wissenschaft die institutionellen Bereiche der Gesellschaft durchdringen und dadurch die Institutionen selbst verwandeln, werden die alten Legitimationen abgebaut. Säkularisierung und »Entzauberung « der handlungsorientierenden Weltbilder, der kulturellen Überlieferung insgesamt, ist die Kehrseite einer wachsenden »Rationalität« des gesellschaftlichen Handelns.
- Date
- 22. 7.2023 20:22:54
- Source
- Habermas, J.: Technik und Wissenschaft als »Ideologie«. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp 1968
-
Habermas, J.: Technik und Wissenschaft als »Ideologie« (1968)
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- Abstract
- »Neue Potentiale einer erweiterten technischen Verfügungsgewalt machen das Mißverhältnis zwischen Ergebnissen angespanntester Rationalität und unreflektierten Zielen, erstarrten Wertsystemen, hinfälligen Ideologien offenbar.« Die Ursachen und Folgen dieses Mißverhältnisses (und die Möglichkeiten seiner Aufhebung durch Reflexion) sind das Thema der vorliegenden Aufsätze von Jürgen Habermas; er untersucht, auf welche Weise die Gewalt technischer Verfügung in den »Konsensus handelnder und verhandelnder Bürger zurückgeholt werden kann«, wie Technik, Wissenschaft und Demokratie unter den Bedingungen der fortgeschrittenen Industriegesellschaft zu vermitteln seien.
- Date
- 22. 7.2023 20:22:54
